基于聚合物非富勒烯体系PM6:Y6的钙钛矿/有机集成太阳电池光伏性能优化

孟婧; 高博文

doi:10.7498/aps.72.20230081

摘要

通过工艺创新和薄膜优化技术成功制备基于CH₃NH₃PbI₃/PM6:Y6(BTP-4F)的钙钛矿/有机集成太阳电池(IPOSCs). 通过添加剂1-8二碘辛烷DIO的调控和热退火处理, 极大优化CH₃NH₃PbI₃/PM6:Y6混合薄膜质量和获得层间欧姆接触. 与此同时, 近红外区有机层的空穴和电子迁移率为 8.3×10^–3 cm² /(V·s)和8.8×10^–3 cm²/(V·s), 可以和可见区钙钛矿层的空穴和电子迁移率相匹配, 实现在微观通路上达到载流子运输平衡, 导致器件具有高短路电流密度J_sc和高填充因子FF. 另外, 通过优化聚合物非富勒烯体系PM6:Y6质量比例混合成膜, 使得薄膜中的非辐射复合位点密度和载流子复合明显减少, 使得电子和空穴的提取和传输更加高效, 能够提供更大的驱动力来改善载流子传输, 同时形成更宽的耗尽区来抑制载流子复合以提高器件的开路电压V_oc. 优化的集成太阳能电池的短路电流密度提升到25.88 A/cm², 开路电压V_oc增加到1.18 V, 填充因子FF达到80%, 光响应扩宽到950 nm, 外量子效率在可见光区达到90%, 最佳能量转换效率高达24.42%, 这是目前报道的IPOSCs中的最高效率之一. 结果表明, 通过可见区材料和近红外区聚合物非富勒烯体系材料组合和器件结构优化来增强钙钛矿太阳电池对于近红外光的吸收, 从而提升IPOSCs性能是一种有效的手段和方法. 为将来开发高效率IPOSCs奠定了实验工艺和构建理论基础.

关键词:

Abstract

Integrated perovskite/organic solar cells (IPOSCs) based on CH₃NH₃PbI₃/PM6:Y6(BTP-4F) are successfully prepared through process innovation and thin film optimization technology. The quality of CH₃NH₃PbI₃/PM6:Y6 mixed films is greatly optimized, and the interlayer ohmic contact is obtained by regulating the additive DIO and annealing treatment. At the same time, the mobility of holes and electrons in the organic layer in the near infrared region are, respectively, 8.3×10^–3 cm²/(V·s) and 8.8×10^–3 cm²/(V·s), which can match the mobility of holes and electrons in the visible perovskite layer, achieving the carrier transport balance in the microscopic pathway. The device has high short-circuit current density J_sc and high filling factor FF. In addition, by optimizing the mass ratio of polymer non-fullerene system PM6:Y6 to form a film, the density of non-radiation recombination sites and carrier recombination in the film are significantly reduced, making the extraction and transport of electrons and holes more efficient, and providing greater driving force to improve carrier transport. At the same time, a wider depletion region is formed to inhibit carrier recombination and increase the open-circuit voltage V_oc. The short-circuit current density of the optimized integrated solar cell increases to 25.88 A/cm², the open-circuit voltage V_oc increases to 1.18 V, the filling factor FF reaches 80%, the optical response expands to 950 nm, the external quantum efficiency reaches 90% in the visible region, and the optimal energy conversion efficiency is as high as 24.42%. This is one of the highest efficiencies reported in IPOSCs. The results show that it is an effective method to enhance the near-infrared light absorption of perovskite solar cells and improve the performance of IPOSCs by combining the materials in visible region and the polymer non-fullerene system in near infrared region and optimizing the device structure. It lays a theoretical foundation for developing high efficiency IPOSCs in the future.

Keywords:

integrated perovskite/organic solar cell /
polymer non-fullerene system /
carrier transport equilibrium /
non-radiative recombination

作者及机构信息

孟婧¹,
高博文²

1.
泰山学院网络与教育技术中心, 泰安　271021

2.
泰山学院机械与建筑工程学院, 光伏材料与建筑一体化研究所, 泰安　271021

通信作者: 孟婧, mmmjjjcg@163.com ; 高博文, gbwhappy@163.com

基金项目: 山东省自然科学基金重点项目(批准号: ZR2020KF001)、山东省泰安市科技创新发展项目(批准号: 2021GX017)、泰山学院教育教学研究专项重点项目(批准号: JY-01-202101) 、泰山学院教学改革与研究项目(批准号: JG202122)和泰山学院横向科研项目(批准号: 2022HX222)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

Meng Jing¹,
Gao Bo-Wen²

1.
Network and Educational Technology Center, Taishan University, Tai’an 271021, China

2.
Institute of Photovoltaic Materials and Building Integration, College of Mechanical and Architectural Engineering, Taishan University, Tai’an 271021, China

Corresponding author: Meng Jing, mmmjjjcg@163.com ; Gao Bo-Wen, gbwhappy@163.com

Funds: Project supported by Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. ZR2020KF001), the Science and Technology Innovation Development Project of Tai’an City of Shandong Province, China (Grant No. 2021GX017), the Special Key Project of Education and Teaching Research of Taishan University, China (Grant No. JY-01-202101), the Teaching Reform and Research Project of Taishan University, China (Grant No. JG202122), and the Horizontal Research Project of Taishan University, China (Grant No. 2022HX222).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Jeong M, Choi I W, Go E M, Cho Y, Kim M, Lee B, Jeong S, Jo Y, Choi H W, Lee, Bae J H, Kwak S K, Kim D S, Yang C 2020 Science 369 1615 Google Scholar
[2]	Al-Ashouri A, Kohnen E, Li B, Magomedov A, Hempel H, Caprioglio P, Marquez J A, Vilches A B M, Getautis V, Albrecht S 2020 Science 370 1300 Google Scholar
[3]	Ono L K, Liu S Z, Qi Y B 2020 Angew. Chem. , Int. Edit. 59 6676 Google Scholar
[4]	Jiang Q, Ni Z, Xu G, Lin Y, Rudd P N, Xue R, Li Y, Li Y, Gao Y, Huang J 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 2001581 Google Scholar
[5]	Karlsson M, Yi Z, Reichert S, Luo X, Lin W, Zhang Z, Bao C, Friend R, Gao F 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 361 Google Scholar
[6]	Dong Q S, Zhu C, Chen M, Jiang C, Guo J Y, Feng Y L, Zhou Y Y 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 9 Google Scholar
[7]	Gao C, Yu H, Wang Y, Liu D, Wen T, Zhang L, Ge S, Yu J 2020 Anal. Chem. 92 6822 Google Scholar
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[9]	Gu B K, Du Y, Chen B, Zhao R, Lu H, Xu Q Y, Guo C X 2022 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 11264 Google Scholar
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[12]	Lin X F, Wang Y Y, Wu J Y, Tang Z L, Lin W J, Nian L, Yi G B 2021 ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 4 5905 Google Scholar
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施引文献

图 1 聚合物非富勒烯体系PM6:Y6 (BTP-4F)分子结构式　(a) PM6; (b) Y6

Fig. 1. Molecular structure formula for polymer non-fullerene system PM6:Y6 (BTP-4F): (a) PM6; (b) Y6.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 聚合物非富勒烯体系PM6:Y6 (BTP-4F)吸收光谱　(a) PM6和Y6纯薄膜; (b) PM6:Y6混合薄膜

Fig. 2. Absorption spectra of PM6:Y6 (BTP-4F) in polymer non-fullerene system: (a) PM6 and Y6 pure films; (b) PM6:Y6 mixed films.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 IPOSCs的器件结构与能级搭配图　(a)器件结构; (b)能级排列

Fig. 3. Device structure and energy level collocation diagram of IPOSCs: (a) Device structure; (b) energy level alignment.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 质量比不同的IPOSCs PM6:Y6薄膜的AFM和SEM测试　(a)—(c) AFM; (d)—(f) SEM

Fig. 4. AFM images and SEM images for PM6:Y6 thin films with different mass ratios in IPOSCs: (a)–(c) AFM; (d)–(f) SEM.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同退火温度下IPOSCs CH₃NH₃PbI₃薄膜的AFM和SEM测试　(a)—(c) AFM; (d)—(f) SEM

Fig. 5. AFM images and SEM images of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films of IPOSCs at different annealing temperatures: (a)–(c) AFM; (d)–(f) SEM.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 纯钙钛矿太阳电池、有机光伏电池和IPOSCs的光伏性能、外量子效率、载流子以及阻抗测试　(a)纯钙钛矿太阳电池光伏性能J-V曲线; (b) OSC光伏性能J-V曲线; (c) IPOSCs光伏性能J-V曲线; (d) EQE曲线和积分电流曲线; (e)空穴迁移率; (f)电化学阻抗谱

Fig. 6. Photovoltaic performance, external quantum efficiency, carrier and impedance tests of pure perovskite solar cells, organic photovoltaic cells and IPOSCs: (a) J-V curves of photovoltaic performance of pure perovskite solar cells; (b) J-V curves of photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells; (c) performance J-V curves of IPOSCs; (d) EQE curves and integral current curves; (e) hole mobility; (f) electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 IPOSCs光伏性能可再现性统计和稳定性测试　(a) 可再现性统计; (b) 稳定性测试

Fig. 7. Repeatability statistics and stability test of photovoltaic performance of IPOSCs: (a) Repeatability statistics; (b) stability test.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 IPOSCs光伏性能参数

Table 1. Photovoltaic performance parameters of IPOSCs.

CH₃NH₃PbI₃/
PM6:Y6 V_oc/V J_sc/(mA·cm^–2) FF/% PCE/%

1∶1 1.17 25.02 79 23.12
1∶1.5 1.18 25.88 80 24.42
1∶2 1.16 24.01 78 21.70

下载: 导出CSV

[1]	Jeong M, Choi I W, Go E M, Cho Y, Kim M, Lee B, Jeong S, Jo Y, Choi H W, Lee, Bae J H, Kwak S K, Kim D S, Yang C 2020 Science 369 1615 Google Scholar
[2]	Al-Ashouri A, Kohnen E, Li B, Magomedov A, Hempel H, Caprioglio P, Marquez J A, Vilches A B M, Getautis V, Albrecht S 2020 Science 370 1300 Google Scholar
[3]	Ono L K, Liu S Z, Qi Y B 2020 Angew. Chem. , Int. Edit. 59 6676 Google Scholar
[4]	Jiang Q, Ni Z, Xu G, Lin Y, Rudd P N, Xue R, Li Y, Li Y, Gao Y, Huang J 2020 Adv. Mater. 32 2001581 Google Scholar
[5]	Karlsson M, Yi Z, Reichert S, Luo X, Lin W, Zhang Z, Bao C, Friend R, Gao F 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 361 Google Scholar
[6]	Dong Q S, Zhu C, Chen M, Jiang C, Guo J Y, Feng Y L, Zhou Y Y 2021 Nat. Commun. 12 9 Google Scholar
[7]	Gao C, Yu H, Wang Y, Liu D, Wen T, Zhang L, Ge S, Yu J 2020 Anal. Chem. 92 6822 Google Scholar
[8]	Li D Q, Geng F S, Hao T Y, Chen Z 2022 Nano Energy 96 107133 Google Scholar
[9]	Gu B K, Du Y, Chen B, Zhao R, Lu H, Xu Q Y, Guo C X 2022 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 11264 Google Scholar
[10]	Yang X, Li B, Zhang X L, Li S Y 2023 Adv. Mater. DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301604
[11]	Lin X F, Cheng P P, Zhang Y W, Tan W Y, Yu D S, Yi G B, Min Y G 2020 Sol. Energy 206 793 Google Scholar
[12]	Lin X F, Wang Y Y, Wu J Y, Tang Z L, Lin W J, Nian L, Yi G B 2021 ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 4 5905 Google Scholar
[13]	Ma R, Liu T, Luo Z, Guo Q, Xiao Y, Chen Y, Li X, Luo S, Lu X, Zhang M, Li Y, Yan H 2020 Sci. China:Chem. 63 325 Google Scholar
[14]	Umeyama T, Igarashi K, Sasada D, Tamai Y, Ishida K, Koganezawa T, Ohtani S, Tanaka K, Ohkita H, Imahori H 2020 Chem. Sci. 11 3250 Google Scholar
[15]	Umeyama T, Igarashi K, Sasada D, Ishida K, Tanaka K, Imahori H 2020 ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12 39236 Google Scholar

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基于聚合物非富勒烯体系PM6:Y6的钙钛矿/有机集成太阳电池光伏性能优化