载荷对壁虎刚毛束的摩擦各向异性特性影响的实验研究

万进; 田煜; 周铭; 张向军; 孟永钢

doi:10.7498/aps.61.016202

摘要

用离体壁虎刚毛阵列在自制微黏附摩擦测试台上对预加载荷对刚毛摩擦与黏着的各向异性特性的影响进行了实验研究.实验结果表明,在逆壁虎刚毛自然弯曲方向卷出实现脱附时, 刚毛所受摩擦力与法向力成正比,摩擦系数为0.6;沿顺刚毛自然弯曲方向卷入实现黏附时, 随预载荷增加摩擦力增加,法向力由黏附力变为斥力.在同等预载荷下,卷入方向的摩擦力是卷出方向的2倍以上. 本文提出了摩擦各向异性特征参数,对壁虎刚毛的黏着与摩擦各向异性进行了定量表征, 这种特性是由刚毛的弯曲及多等级结构决定的.

关键词:

壁虎刚毛 /
黏着 /
摩擦 /
各向异性

Abstract

The load effect on the anisotropic friction property of gecko seta arrays have been experimentally investigated on a homemade micro adhesive and friction force detect device with isolated seta arrays. The result shows that when sliding against the direction of the seta curvature to grip out, the friction force is proportional to the normal load with a friction coefficient of about 0.6. When sliding along the direction of the seta curvature to grip in, the normal preload force could be fully or partly transformed into adhesion force and repulsive force while friction force rapidly rose with the increment of the applied preload. Under the same normal preload, the lateral friction force in grip in is more than twice of that in grip out. These properties of anisotropy in friction and adhesion are determined by the micro and nano-structures of setae.

Keywords:

gecko seta /
adhesion /
friction /
anisotropy

作者及机构信息

1.
清华大学精仪系摩擦学国家重点实验室, 北京 100084

基金项目: 教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划和国家自然科学基金(批准号:51021064)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084, China

Funds: Project supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Universities of Ministry of Education, China, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51021064).

参考文献

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[3]	Wang Z Y, Wang J T 2010 Chin. Sci. Bull. 55 841 (in Chinese) [王周义,王金童 2010 科学通报 55 841]
[4]	Smith M A, Callow A J 2006 Biological Adhesives (Berlin: Springer) 225
[5]	Hansen W R, Autumn K 2005 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102 385
[6]	Metin S, Fearing 2003 J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 17 1055
[7]	Autumn K, Liang Y A 2000 Nature 405 681
[8]	Sun J R, Guo C 2005 Acta Zool. Sin. 51 761 (in Chinese) [孙久荣,郭策 2005 动物学报 51 761]
[9]	Tian Y, Pesika N 2006 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 19320
[10]	Wang L S, Zhao Y P 2002 Tribology 22 339(in Chinese) [王立森,赵亚溥 2002 摩擦学学报 22 339]
[11]	Qian L M, Luo J B, Wen S Z, Xiao X D 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 11 2247 (in Chinese) [钱林茂, 雒建斌, 温诗铸, 萧旭东 2000 物理学报 11 2247]
[12]	Autumn K, Sitti M 2002 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99 12252
[13]	Huber G, Bhushan B 2005 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 16293
[14]	Sun W X, Neuzil P 2005 Biophys. J. 89 L14
[15]	Kim T W, Bhushan B 2008 J. R. Soc. Interface 520 319
[16]	Autumn K, Dittmore A 2006 J. Exp. Biol. 209 3569
[17]	Zhao B X, Pesika N 2008 Langmuir 24 1517
[18]	Qing T, Shao T M, Wen S Z 2006 Tribology 24 295 (in Chinese) [卿涛,邵天敏,温诗铸 2006 摩擦学学报 24 295]
[19]	Zhang X H, Zhang X J, Liu Y H, Schaefe J A,Wen S Z 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 4722 (in Chinese) [张晓昊,张向军,刘永和,Schaefe J A, 温诗铸 2007 物理学报 56 4722]
[20]	Guo C,WangWB 2007 Sci. China Ser C 37 568 (in Chinese) [郭策,王文波 2007 中国科学C辑 37 568]
[21]	Zhang Z L, Ding J N, Yang J C, Fan Z, Hu Y Y 2007 Tribology 27 362 (in Chinese) [张占立,丁建宁,杨继昌,范真,胡友耀 2007 摩擦学学报 27 362]
[22]	Hirano M, Shinjo K, Kaneko R, Murata Y 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 2642
[23]	Enomoto Y, Tabor D 1981 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 373 405

施引文献

[1]	Arzt E, Gorb S 2003 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100 10603
[2]	Li H K, Dai Z D 2008 Chin. Sci. Bull. 58 2697 (in Chinese) [李宏凯,戴振东 2008 科学通报 58 2697]
[3]	Wang Z Y, Wang J T 2010 Chin. Sci. Bull. 55 841 (in Chinese) [王周义,王金童 2010 科学通报 55 841]
[4]	Smith M A, Callow A J 2006 Biological Adhesives (Berlin: Springer) 225
[5]	Hansen W R, Autumn K 2005 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 102 385
[6]	Metin S, Fearing 2003 J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 17 1055
[7]	Autumn K, Liang Y A 2000 Nature 405 681
[8]	Sun J R, Guo C 2005 Acta Zool. Sin. 51 761 (in Chinese) [孙久荣,郭策 2005 动物学报 51 761]
[9]	Tian Y, Pesika N 2006 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 103 19320
[10]	Wang L S, Zhao Y P 2002 Tribology 22 339(in Chinese) [王立森,赵亚溥 2002 摩擦学学报 22 339]
[11]	Qian L M, Luo J B, Wen S Z, Xiao X D 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 11 2247 (in Chinese) [钱林茂, 雒建斌, 温诗铸, 萧旭东 2000 物理学报 11 2247]
[12]	Autumn K, Sitti M 2002 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99 12252
[13]	Huber G, Bhushan B 2005 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 16293
[14]	Sun W X, Neuzil P 2005 Biophys. J. 89 L14
[15]	Kim T W, Bhushan B 2008 J. R. Soc. Interface 520 319
[16]	Autumn K, Dittmore A 2006 J. Exp. Biol. 209 3569
[17]	Zhao B X, Pesika N 2008 Langmuir 24 1517
[18]	Qing T, Shao T M, Wen S Z 2006 Tribology 24 295 (in Chinese) [卿涛,邵天敏,温诗铸 2006 摩擦学学报 24 295]
[19]	Zhang X H, Zhang X J, Liu Y H, Schaefe J A,Wen S Z 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 4722 (in Chinese) [张晓昊,张向军,刘永和,Schaefe J A, 温诗铸 2007 物理学报 56 4722]
[20]	Guo C,WangWB 2007 Sci. China Ser C 37 568 (in Chinese) [郭策,王文波 2007 中国科学C辑 37 568]
[21]	Zhang Z L, Ding J N, Yang J C, Fan Z, Hu Y Y 2007 Tribology 27 362 (in Chinese) [张占立,丁建宁,杨继昌,范真,胡友耀 2007 摩擦学学报 27 362]
[22]	Hirano M, Shinjo K, Kaneko R, Murata Y 1991 Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 2642
[23]	Enomoto Y, Tabor D 1981 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 373 405

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