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During high-power disk laser welding, the surface of the weldment is gasified strongly by the laser irradiation. Meanwhile, the metal vapor plume is generated and changed into the plasma state. This plume can transmit through the laser beam reversely and has a significant shielding effect on the laser beam. Therefore, the laser power which should be transferred inside the weldment is decreased, the welding efficiency and welding quality are seriously affected. By studying and exploring the relation between the characteristics and variation rules of plume and the welding quality, the state of laser welding can be monitored in real-time by the plume characteristics. In the high-power disk laser bead on plate welding of a type 304 austenitic stainless steel plate at a continuous laser power of 10 kW, an extraviolet and visible sensitive high speed color camera is used to capture the metal vapor plume dynamic images. These digital images are transfered to the hue-saturation-intensity color spaces from the red-green-blue color spaces. Also, the area of metal vapor plume and the path length which the laser beam runs through the metal vapor plume are segmented and defined as the plume eigenvalues. The fluctuation of weld bead width is used to evaluate the stability of welding quality. By analyzing the statistics of the variance and mean values of plume eigenvalues, the experimental results confirm that the stability of the welding could be evaluated by the plume characteristics dynamically.
[1] Li F M, Chen G Y, Jin X Z 2009 Opt. Laser Eng. 47 1117
[2] Miranda R M, Lopes G, Quintino L 2008 Mater. Design. 29 2072
[3] Gao X D, Mo L, Zhong X G, You D Y, Seiji K 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 088105 [高向东, 莫玲, 仲训杲, 游德勇, Katayama Seiji 2011 物理学报 60 088105]
[4] Cho Y T, Cho W I, Na S J 2011 Opt. Laser Technol. 43 711
[5] Su Y D 2000 China Mech. Eng. 12 1389 (in Chinese) [苏彦东 2000 中国机械工程 12 1389]
[6] Wang C M, Hu L J, Hu X Y, Du H B 2004 Transactions of the China Welding Institution 25 83 (in Chinese) [王春明, 胡伦骥, 胡席远, 杜汉斌 2004 焊接学报 25 83]
[7] Sibillano T, Ancona A, Berardi V, Lugara P M 2005 Opt. Commun. 139 148
[8] Gonzalez R C, Woods R E, Eddins S L 2004 Digital Image Using MATLAB (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) p211
[9] Fu X J, Wang A Q 2009 Forestry Labour Safety 22 17 (in Chinese) [付雪婧, 王阿川 2009 林业劳动安全 22 17]
[10] Xiang J, Zheng C Y, Liu Z J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8717 (in Chinese) [项江, 郑春阳, 刘占军 2009 物理学报 59 8817]
[11] Zhu B, Gu Y Q, Wang Y X, Liu H J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1100 (in Chinese) [朱斌, 谷渝秋, 王玉晓, 刘红杰 2008 物理学报 58 1100]
[12] Huang C Y, Yan P Q 2001 Testing Technology of Mechanical Engineering (Beijing: China Machine Press) p135 (in Chinese) [黄长艺, 严普强 2001 机械工程测试技术基础(北京:机械工业出版社) 第135页]
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[1] Li F M, Chen G Y, Jin X Z 2009 Opt. Laser Eng. 47 1117
[2] Miranda R M, Lopes G, Quintino L 2008 Mater. Design. 29 2072
[3] Gao X D, Mo L, Zhong X G, You D Y, Seiji K 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 088105 [高向东, 莫玲, 仲训杲, 游德勇, Katayama Seiji 2011 物理学报 60 088105]
[4] Cho Y T, Cho W I, Na S J 2011 Opt. Laser Technol. 43 711
[5] Su Y D 2000 China Mech. Eng. 12 1389 (in Chinese) [苏彦东 2000 中国机械工程 12 1389]
[6] Wang C M, Hu L J, Hu X Y, Du H B 2004 Transactions of the China Welding Institution 25 83 (in Chinese) [王春明, 胡伦骥, 胡席远, 杜汉斌 2004 焊接学报 25 83]
[7] Sibillano T, Ancona A, Berardi V, Lugara P M 2005 Opt. Commun. 139 148
[8] Gonzalez R C, Woods R E, Eddins S L 2004 Digital Image Using MATLAB (Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry) p211
[9] Fu X J, Wang A Q 2009 Forestry Labour Safety 22 17 (in Chinese) [付雪婧, 王阿川 2009 林业劳动安全 22 17]
[10] Xiang J, Zheng C Y, Liu Z J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 8717 (in Chinese) [项江, 郑春阳, 刘占军 2009 物理学报 59 8817]
[11] Zhu B, Gu Y Q, Wang Y X, Liu H J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 1100 (in Chinese) [朱斌, 谷渝秋, 王玉晓, 刘红杰 2008 物理学报 58 1100]
[12] Huang C Y, Yan P Q 2001 Testing Technology of Mechanical Engineering (Beijing: China Machine Press) p135 (in Chinese) [黄长艺, 严普强 2001 机械工程测试技术基础(北京:机械工业出版社) 第135页]
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