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We prepare Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramic samples by high temperature calcination method (41.2SiO2-29.4Al2O3-17.6Na2CO3-11.8LaF3-0.5ErF3-2.5 YbF3), and also fabricate transparent microspheres each with a handle. We propose a new method of studying the luminescent properties of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramic with the tapered fiber-microsphere coupling system. The method has characteristics such as low excitation optical power, easy preparation and testing. We couple the 976 nm laser into the microspheres with the coupler of optical tapered fiber, then the fluorescence and laser are connected to spectrum analyzer with the optical tapered fiber. The strong up-conversion fluorescences at 522, 545 and 657 nm are obtained, and the laser oscillation spectra generated by Er3+ ions at 1562 nm are also measured. The up-conversion luminescence mechanism of Er3+, the mechanism of high luminescence efficiency in Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped oxyfluoride glass ceramic microsphere, and the mechanism of higher laser oscillation threshold in the oxyfluoride glass ceramic microsphere than in the SiO2 matrix microsphere are all analyzed.
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Keywords:
- oxyfluoride glass ceramic /
- Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped microsphere /
- up-conversion luminescence /
- laser threshold
[1] Yan F P, Wei H, Fu Y J, Wang L, Zheng K, Mao X Q, Liu P, Peng J, Liu L S, Jian S S 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6300 (in Chinese) [延凤平, 魏淮, 傅永军, 王琳, 郑凯, 毛向桥, 刘鹏, 彭健, 刘利松, 简水生 2009 物理学报 58 6300]
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[4] Yang D L, Hou Y Y, Zhao X, Liu G S, Lin H, Liu K, Edwin Y B P 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4304 (in Chinese) [杨殿来, 侯嫣嫣, 赵昕, 刘贵山, 林海, 刘克, Edwin Yue-Bun Pun 2006 物理学报 55 4304]
[5] Mortier M, Goldner P, Chateau C, Genotelle M 2001 J. Alloys Comp. 323-324 245
[6] Zhao S L, Zheng F, Xu S Q, Wang H P, Wang B L 2009 Chin. Opt. Lett. 7 416
[7] Chen D Q, Yu Y L, Huang P, Weng F Y, Lin H, Wang Y S 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 041909
[8] Hu Y B, Qiu J B, Zhou D C, Song Z G, Yang Z W, Wang R F, Jiao Q, Zhou D L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 024205
[9] Meng J, Zhao L J, Yu H, Tang L Q, Liang Q, Yu X Y, Tang B Q, Su J, Xu J J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1442 (in Chinese) [孟婕, 赵丽娟, 余华, 唐莉勤, 梁沁, 禹宣伊, 唐柏权, 苏静, 许京军 2005 物理学报 54 1442]
[10] Kuang F H, Yan Q Z, Wang S M, Ge C C 2009 Mater. Rev. 13 44 (in Chinese) [旷峰华, 燕青芝, 王树明, 葛昌纯 2009 材料导报 13 44]
[11] Wang Y, Ohwaki J 1993 Appl. Phys. Lett. 63 3268
[12] Dejneka M J 1998 J. Non-Cryst. Solids 239 149
[13] Chen D Q, Wang Y S, Zheng K L, Guo T L, Yu Y L, Huang P 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 251903
[14] Xiao S G, Yang X L, Yang L W, Yang Y M, Liu Z W 2002 J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 21 1139
[15] Gan Z S, Yu H, Li Y M, Wang Y N, Chen H, Zhao L J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5699 (in Chinese) [甘棕松, 余华, 李妍明, 王亚楠, 陈晖, 赵丽娟 2008 物理学报 57 5699]
[16] Xiao S C, Zheng T, Sang Q, L J W 2012 Chin. J. Luminescence 33 275 (in Chinese) [肖生春, 郑涛, 桑琦, 吕景文 2012 发光学报 33 275]
[17] Liu C, Kaiser T, Lange S, Schweiger G 1995 Opt. Commun. 117 521
[18] Spillane S M, Kippenberg T J, Vahala K J 2002 Nature 415 621
[19] Spillane S M, Kippenberg T J, Painter O J, Vahala K J 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 043902
[20] Zhang P J, Huang Y, Guo C L, Huang Y T 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 224207 (in Chinese) [张培进, 黄玉, 郭长磊, 黄衍堂 2013 物理学报 62 224207]
[21] Huang Y, Zhang P J, Guo C L, Huang Y T 2013 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25 1385
[22] Kalkman J, Tchebotareva A, Polman A, Kippenberg T J, Min B, Vahala K J 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 99 083103
[23] Armani A M, Armani D K, Min B, Vahala K J, Spillane S M 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 151118
[24] Huang Y T, Huang Y, Zhang P J, Guo C L 2014 Aip Adv. 4 027113
[25] Guo C L, Huang Y, Zhang P J, Huang Y T 2012 Chin. J. Lasers 40 0302004 (in Chinese) [郭长磊, 黄玉, 张培进, 黄衍堂 2012 中国激光 40 0302004]
[26] Huang Y T, Zhang P J, Huang Y, Guo C L 2013 J. Modern Phys. 4 1622
[27] Chen X B, Li M X, Sawanobori N, Zeng Z, Nie Y X 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 2482 (in Chinese) [陈晓波, 李美仙, Sawanobori N, 曾哲, 聂玉昕 2000 物理学报 49 2482]
[28] Dantelle G, Mortier M, Vivien D 2005 J. Mater. Res. 20 472
[29] Hu Z J, Wang Y S, Ma E, Chen D Q, Bao F 2007 Mater. Chem. Phys. 101 234
[30] Miyakawa T, Dexter D L 1970 Phys. Rev. B 1 2961
[31] Shin J H, Serna R, van den Hoven G N, Polman A, van Sark W G J H M, Vredenverg A M 1996 Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 997
[32] Tanabe S, Ohyagi T, Soga N, Hanada T 1992 Phys. Rev. B 46 3305
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[1] Yan F P, Wei H, Fu Y J, Wang L, Zheng K, Mao X Q, Liu P, Peng J, Liu L S, Jian S S 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6300 (in Chinese) [延凤平, 魏淮, 傅永军, 王琳, 郑凯, 毛向桥, 刘鹏, 彭健, 刘利松, 简水生 2009 物理学报 58 6300]
[2] Maciel G S, Rakov N, de Araújo, Cid B, Messaddeq Y 1999 J. Opt, Soc. Am. B 16 1995
[3] Downing E, Desselink L, Ralston J, Macfarlane R 1996 Science 273 1185
[4] Yang D L, Hou Y Y, Zhao X, Liu G S, Lin H, Liu K, Edwin Y B P 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 4304 (in Chinese) [杨殿来, 侯嫣嫣, 赵昕, 刘贵山, 林海, 刘克, Edwin Yue-Bun Pun 2006 物理学报 55 4304]
[5] Mortier M, Goldner P, Chateau C, Genotelle M 2001 J. Alloys Comp. 323-324 245
[6] Zhao S L, Zheng F, Xu S Q, Wang H P, Wang B L 2009 Chin. Opt. Lett. 7 416
[7] Chen D Q, Yu Y L, Huang P, Weng F Y, Lin H, Wang Y S 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 041909
[8] Hu Y B, Qiu J B, Zhou D C, Song Z G, Yang Z W, Wang R F, Jiao Q, Zhou D L 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 024205
[9] Meng J, Zhao L J, Yu H, Tang L Q, Liang Q, Yu X Y, Tang B Q, Su J, Xu J J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1442 (in Chinese) [孟婕, 赵丽娟, 余华, 唐莉勤, 梁沁, 禹宣伊, 唐柏权, 苏静, 许京军 2005 物理学报 54 1442]
[10] Kuang F H, Yan Q Z, Wang S M, Ge C C 2009 Mater. Rev. 13 44 (in Chinese) [旷峰华, 燕青芝, 王树明, 葛昌纯 2009 材料导报 13 44]
[11] Wang Y, Ohwaki J 1993 Appl. Phys. Lett. 63 3268
[12] Dejneka M J 1998 J. Non-Cryst. Solids 239 149
[13] Chen D Q, Wang Y S, Zheng K L, Guo T L, Yu Y L, Huang P 2007 Appl. Phys. Lett. 91 251903
[14] Xiao S G, Yang X L, Yang L W, Yang Y M, Liu Z W 2002 J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 21 1139
[15] Gan Z S, Yu H, Li Y M, Wang Y N, Chen H, Zhao L J 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 5699 (in Chinese) [甘棕松, 余华, 李妍明, 王亚楠, 陈晖, 赵丽娟 2008 物理学报 57 5699]
[16] Xiao S C, Zheng T, Sang Q, L J W 2012 Chin. J. Luminescence 33 275 (in Chinese) [肖生春, 郑涛, 桑琦, 吕景文 2012 发光学报 33 275]
[17] Liu C, Kaiser T, Lange S, Schweiger G 1995 Opt. Commun. 117 521
[18] Spillane S M, Kippenberg T J, Vahala K J 2002 Nature 415 621
[19] Spillane S M, Kippenberg T J, Painter O J, Vahala K J 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 043902
[20] Zhang P J, Huang Y, Guo C L, Huang Y T 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 224207 (in Chinese) [张培进, 黄玉, 郭长磊, 黄衍堂 2013 物理学报 62 224207]
[21] Huang Y, Zhang P J, Guo C L, Huang Y T 2013 IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 25 1385
[22] Kalkman J, Tchebotareva A, Polman A, Kippenberg T J, Min B, Vahala K J 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 99 083103
[23] Armani A M, Armani D K, Min B, Vahala K J, Spillane S M 2005 Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 151118
[24] Huang Y T, Huang Y, Zhang P J, Guo C L 2014 Aip Adv. 4 027113
[25] Guo C L, Huang Y, Zhang P J, Huang Y T 2012 Chin. J. Lasers 40 0302004 (in Chinese) [郭长磊, 黄玉, 张培进, 黄衍堂 2012 中国激光 40 0302004]
[26] Huang Y T, Zhang P J, Huang Y, Guo C L 2013 J. Modern Phys. 4 1622
[27] Chen X B, Li M X, Sawanobori N, Zeng Z, Nie Y X 2000 Acta Phys. Sin. 49 2482 (in Chinese) [陈晓波, 李美仙, Sawanobori N, 曾哲, 聂玉昕 2000 物理学报 49 2482]
[28] Dantelle G, Mortier M, Vivien D 2005 J. Mater. Res. 20 472
[29] Hu Z J, Wang Y S, Ma E, Chen D Q, Bao F 2007 Mater. Chem. Phys. 101 234
[30] Miyakawa T, Dexter D L 1970 Phys. Rev. B 1 2961
[31] Shin J H, Serna R, van den Hoven G N, Polman A, van Sark W G J H M, Vredenverg A M 1996 Appl. Phys. Lett. 68 997
[32] Tanabe S, Ohyagi T, Soga N, Hanada T 1992 Phys. Rev. B 46 3305
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