Experimental study on fission reaction rate induced by D-T neutron in depleted uranium shell

Han Zi-Jie; Zhu Tong-Hua; Lu Xin-Xin; Qin Jian-Guo; Wang Mei; Jiang Li; Yang Bo

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20181717

Abstract

Fission reaction rate is an important index for validating and checking the neutron transportation and fission power in nuclear engineering. The experimental data can be used in benchmark validation of cross sections, and in studying the correlation of fission power with the thickness of uranium sphere shell. There are five assemblies of depleted uranium shells used in this work, the inner radii of which are all fixed at 13.1 cm, while their outer radii are 18.1, 19.4, 23.35, 25.4 and 28.5 cm, respectively. The D-T neutron source is generated in the center of the assemblies, the yield of which is about 3 × 10¹⁰−4 × 10¹⁰ s^–1. In horizontal plane across the center of the assemblies, the fission rates at positions along the radial direction are measured in the direction with 45° inclining with respect to the incident D⁺ beam. Due to the disturbance to assemblies and neutron field, the activation foil of uranium is a suitable choice rather than fission chamber or capture detector. The material of activation foil is the same as that in the experimental assemblies. Considering the accurate fission yield of ¹⁴³Ce, the objective nuclides are selected. The total fission yield of ¹⁴³Ce is contributed by ²³⁸U and a little ²³⁵U. For calculating the total fission yiled of ¹⁴³Ce, the neutron energy range of 0−15 MeV is divided into eight subranges. By measuring the 293 keV gamma rays from the fission product ¹⁴³Ce in activation foils with a TRANS-SPEC-DX100 HPGe detector, with a relative efficiency 40%, the fission rates and the trends at positions along the radial direction in the five assemblies are obtained based on the ¹⁴³Ce fission product yield. The fission rate ranges from 5.28 × 10^–29 to 7.58 × 10^–28 sn^-1·nuclide^–1, with the relative uncertainty in a range from 6% to 11%. The Monte Carlo transport code MCNP5 and continuous energy cross section library ENDF/BV.8 are used for analyzing the fission rate distribution in the assemblies, and the experiemtal configuration, including the wall of the experimental hall is described in detail in the model. The calculated results are compared with the experimental ones and their agreement is found to be in an uncertainty range.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China
2.
Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Beijing 100094, China

Corresponding author: Qin Jian-Guo, stingg@126.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11575165, 11775200) and the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China (Grant No. 2015GB108006).

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References

[1]	Yu J N, Yu G 2009 J. Nucl. Mater 386−388 949
[2]	Robert G Mills 1981 IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus Systems PAS-100 1173 Google Scholar
[3]	张俊, 张大林, 王成龙, 田文喜, 秋穗正, 苏光辉 2017 原子能科学技术 51 2230 Google Scholar Zhang J, Zhang D L, Wang C L, Tian W X, Qiu S Z, Su G H 2017 At. Energ. Sci. Technol. 51 2230 Google Scholar
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图 1 (a)贫化铀装置实物图; (b)蒙特卡罗模型5片活化探测器分布情况(45°方向中的1, 2, 3, 4, 5)

Figure 1. (a) Physical map of depleted uranium device; (b) distribution of five activation detectors in Monte Carlo Model 5 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 in the direction of 45°).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 HPGe探测器测量的贫化铀活化探测器发射的γ谱

Figure 2. γ spectrum of depleted uranium activation detector, detected by using HPGe detector.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 五种模型中的裂变反应率分布情况

Figure 3. Fission reaction rate distribution for five models.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 五种模型不同测量点处的中子通量密度(蒙特卡罗模拟计算)

Figure 4. Neutron flux density at various measuring positions of five models (Monte Carlo simulation).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 贫化铀装置中不同位置裂变率C/E值

Figure 5. C/E ratio of fission reaction rate for various measuring position in depleted uranium assembly.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

表 1 五种贫化铀球壳的外径及厚度

Table 1. Radius and thickness of depleted uranium shells.

模型编号外半径R_out/cm 厚度L/cm

1 18.10 5.00
2 19.40 6.30
3 23.35 10.25
4 25.40 12.30
5 28.45 15.35

DownLoad: CSV

表 2 五种模型中活化探测器的布放位置

Table 2. Position of activation detector in various models

模型编号 L/cm
p₁ p₂ p₃ p₄ p₅

1 13.60 14.62 15.64 16.16 17.18
2 14.60 15.62 16.64 17.66 18.68
3 14.60 16.62 18.64 20.66 21.68
4 15.60 18.62 20.64 22.66 24.68
5 15.60 18.62 20.64 24.16 27.18

DownLoad: CSV

表 3 Y_Ce-143值

Table 3. Values of Y_Ce-143.

Model No. p₁/% p₂/% p₃/% p₄/% p₅/%

1 4.29 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.34
2 4.33 4.35 4.37 4.38 4.37
3 4.36 4.41 4.45 4.45 4.46
4 4.40 4.47 4.49 4.50 4.49
5 4.41 4.48 4.51 4.55 4.55

DownLoad: CSV

表 4 裂变反应率总不确定度

Table 4. Synthesize uncertainty of fission reaction rate.

Position Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5

p₁/% 6.5 6.5 6.5 7.4 6.1
p₂/% 6.2 6.3 5.7 7.2 7.0
p₃/% 6.5 5.8 6.7 8.6 10.0
p₄/% 6.5 6.3 6.5 9.5 9.5
p₅/% 6.5 6.1 7.0 10.9 10.9

DownLoad: CSV

[1]	Yu J N, Yu G 2009 J. Nucl. Mater 386−388 949
[2]	Robert G Mills 1981 IEEE Trans. Power Apparatus Systems PAS-100 1173 Google Scholar
[3]	张俊, 张大林, 王成龙, 田文喜, 秋穗正, 苏光辉 2017 原子能科学技术 51 2230 Google Scholar Zhang J, Zhang D L, Wang C L, Tian W X, Qiu S Z, Su G H 2017 At. Energ. Sci. Technol. 51 2230 Google Scholar
[4]	刘国明, 程和平, 邵增 2012 原子能科学技术 46 272 Liu G M, Cheng H P, Shao Z 2012 At. Energ. Sci. Technol. 46 272
[5]	马纪敏, 刘永康 2012 原子能科学技术 46 437 Ma J M, Liu Y K 2012 At. Energ. Sci. Technol. 46 437
[6]	徐红, 杨永伟, 周志伟 2009 原子能科学技术 43 97 Xu H, Yang Y W, Zhou Z W 2009 At. Energ. Sci. Technol. 43 97
[7]	Li M S, Liu R, Shi X M, Yi W W, Peng X J 2012 Fusion Eng. Des. 87 1420 Google Scholar
[8]	马纪敏, 刘永康, 李茂生 2012 核动力工程 33 16 Google Scholar Ma J M, Liu Y K, Li M S 2012 Nucl. Power Eng. 33 16 Google Scholar
[9]	伊炜伟, 胡泽华, 李茂生 2010 核动力工程 31 125 Yi W W, Hu Z H, Li M S 2010 Nucl. Power Eng. 31 125
[10]	Weale J W, Goodfellow H, Mctaggart M H, Mullender M L 1961 J. Nucl. Energ. 14 91
[11]	Akiyama M, Oka Y, Kanasugi K, Hashikura H, Kondo S 1987 Ann. Nucl. Energy 14 543 Google Scholar
[12]	Afanas’ev V V, Belevitin A G, Verzilov Y M, Romodanov V L, Khro-mov V V, Markovskii D V, Shatalov G E 1991 At. Energ. 71 901 Google Scholar
[13]	Zhu T H, Yang C W, Lu X X, Liu R, Han Z J, Jiang L, Wang M 2014 Ann. Nucl. Energy 63 486 Google Scholar
[14]	Kimio Y, Shigeru I, Hisao O, Tetsuo M 1983 Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 22 324 Google Scholar
[15]	Li Y G, Shi Y Q, Zhang Y B, Xia P 2001 Radiat. Meas. 34 589 Google Scholar
[16]	Szabó J, Pálfalvi J K, Strádi A, Bilski P, Swakoń J, Stolarczyk L 2018 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 888 196 Google Scholar
[17]	Wojciechowski A, Lim Y C, Stepanenko V, Tiutiunnikov S, Khilmanovich A, Martsynkevich B 2016 Measurement 90 118 Google Scholar
[18]	Lin H X, Chen W L, Liu Y H, Sheu R J 2016 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 811 94 Google Scholar
[19]	Yang Y W, Yan X S, Liu R, Lu X X, Jiang L, Lin J F 2012 Fusion Eng. Des. 87 1679 Google Scholar
[20]	冯松, 刘荣, 鹿心鑫, 羊奕伟, 王玫, 蒋励, 秦建国 2014 物理学报 63 162501 Google Scholar Feng S, Liu R, Lu X X, Yang Y W, Wang M, Jiang L, Qin J G 2014 Acta Phys.Sin. 63 162501 Google Scholar
[21]	鹿心鑫, 朱通华, 刘荣, 蒋励, 王玫, 林菊芳, 温中伟 2011 原子能科学技术 45 645 Lu X X, Zhu T H, Liu R, Jiang L, Wang M, Lin J F, Wen Z W 2011 At. Energ. Sci. Technol. 45 645
[22]	Zhu T H, Han Z J, Jiang L, Wang M, Lu X X, Yang C W, Liu R 2015 J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. 52 1383 Google Scholar
[23]	Gooden M E, Arnold C W, Becker J A, Bhatia C, Bhike M, Bond E M, Bredeweg T A, Fallin B, Fowler M M, Howell C R, Kelley J H, Krishichayan, Macri R, Rusev G, Ryan C, Sheets S A, Stoyer M A, Tonchev A P, Tornow W, Vieira D J, Wilhelmy J B 2016 Nuclear Data Sheets 131 319 Google Scholar
[24]	刘荣, 林理彬, 王大伦, 励义俊, 蒋励, 陈素和, 王玫, 杨可 1999 核电子学与探测技术 19 428 Google Scholar Liu R, Lin L B, Wang D L, Li Y J, Jiang L, Chen S H, Wang M, Yang K 1999 Nuclear Electron. Detect. Technol. 19 428 Google Scholar
[25]	Lu X D, Tian D F, Xie D 2004 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 519 647 Google Scholar
[26]	Zhu C X, Chen Y, Mou Y F, Zheng P, He T, Wang X H, An L, Guo H P 2011 Nucl. Sci. Eng. 169 188 Google Scholar

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