Experimental progress of laser-driven high-energy proton acceleration and new acceleration schemes

Ma Wen-Jun; Liu Zhi-Peng; Wang Peng-Jie; Zhao Jia-Rui; Yan Xue-Qing

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20202115

Abstract

The acceleration of high-energy ions by the interaction of plasma with ultra-intense laser pulses is a frontier in the fields of laser plasma physics and accelerator physics. Laser-driven ion acceleration has achieved great success and triggered plenty of new applications after nearly twenty years’ development. This paper reviews the important experimental progress of laser-driven high-energy proton acceleration, discusses some critical issues that influence the acceleration. It also gives an introduction to new acceleration schemes developed in recent years, which promise to generate over 200 MeV protons.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2.
Beijing Laser Acceleration Innovation Center, Beijing 101407, China
3.
Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Corresponding author: Ma Wen-Jun, wenjun.ma@pku.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2019YFF01014402), the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61631001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11775010), and the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11921006)

FullText HTML

References

[1]	Ledingham K W D, Bolton P R, Shikazono N, Ma C M C 2014 Appl. Sci. 4 402 Google Scholar
[2]	Borghesi M, Fuchs J, Bulanov S V, Mackinnon A J, Patel P K, Roth M 2006 Fusion Sci. Technol. 49 412 Google Scholar
[3]	He X T, Li J W, Fan Z F, Wang L F, Liu J, Lan K, Wu J F, Ye W H 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 082706 Google Scholar
[4]	Malka V, Fritzler S, Lefebvre E, d'Humieres E, Ferrand R, Grillon G, Albaret C, Meyroneinc S, Chambaret J P, Antonetti A, Hulin D 2004 Med. Phys. 31 1587 Google Scholar
[5]	Bulanov S V, Wilkens J J, Esirkepov T Z, Korn G, Kraft G, Kraft S D, Molls M, Khoroshkov V S 2014 Phys. Usp. 57 1149 Google Scholar
[6]	Zhu J G, Wu M J, Liao Q, Geng Y X, Zhu K, Li C C, Xu X H, Li D Y, Shou Y R, Yang T, Wang P J, Wang D H, Wang J J, Chen C E, He X T, Zhao Y Y, Ma W J, Lu H Y, Tajima T, Lin C, Yan X Q 2019 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 22 061302 Google Scholar
[7]	Tao L, Zhu K, Zhu J, Xu X, Lin C, Ma W, Lu H, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Chen J E, Yan X 2017 Phys. Med. Biol. 62 5200 Google Scholar
[8]	Bayart E, Flacco A, Delmas O, Pommarel L, Levy D, Cavallone M, Megnin-Chanet F, Deutsch E, Malka V 2019 Sci. Rep. 9 10132 Google Scholar
[9]	Kraft S D, Richter C, Zeil K, Baumann M, Beyreuther E, Bock S, Bussmann M, Cowan T E, Dammene Y, Enghardt W, Heibig U, Karsch L, Kluge T, Laschinsky L, Lessmann E, Metzkes J, Naumburger D, Sauerbrey R, Schürer M, Sobiella M, Woithe J, Schramm U, Pawelke J 2010 New J. Phys. 12 085003 Google Scholar
[10]	Hofmann K M, Masood U, Pawelke J, Wilkens J J 2015 Med. Phys. 42 5120 Google Scholar
[11]	Masood U, Cowan T E, Enghardt W, Hofmann K M, Karsch L, Kroll F, Schramm U, Wilkens J J, Pawelke J 2017 Phys. Med. Biol. 62 5531 Google Scholar
[12]	Manti L, Perozziello F M, Borghesi M, Candiano G, Chaudhary P, Cirrone G A P, Doria D, Gwynne D, Leanza R, Prise K M, Romagnani L, Romano F, Scuderi V, Tramontana A 2017 J. Instrum. 12 C03084 Google Scholar
[13]	Durante M, BräUer-Krisch E, Hill M 2018 Br. J. Radiol. 91 20170628
[14]	Linz U, Alonso J 2016 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 19 124802 Google Scholar
[15]	Linz U, Alonso J 2007 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 10 094801 Google Scholar
[16]	Higginson A, Gray R J, King M, Dance R J, Williamson S D R, Butler N M H, Wilson R, Capdessus R, Armstrong C, Green J S, Hawkes S J, Martin P, Wei W Q, Mirfayzi S R, Yuan X H, Kar S, Borghesi M, Clarke R J, Neely D, McKenna P 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 724 Google Scholar
[17]	Daido H, Nishiuchi M, Pirozhkov A S 2012 Rep. Prog. Phys. 75 056401 Google Scholar
[18]	Macchi A, Borghesi M, Passoni M 2013 Rev. Mod. Phys. 85 751 Google Scholar
[19]	Brunel F 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 52 Google Scholar
[20]	Wilks S C, Langdon A B, Cowan T E, Roth M, Singh M, Hatchett S, Key M H, Pennington D, MacKinnon A, Snavely R A 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 542 Google Scholar
[21]	Karsch S, Düsterer S, Schwoerer H, Ewald F, Habs D, Hegelich M, Pretzler G, Pukhov A, Witte K, Sauerbrey R 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 015001 Google Scholar
[22]	Mackinnon A J, Borghesi M, Hatchett S, Key M H, Patel P K, Campbell H, Schiavi A, Snavely R, Wilks S C, Willi O 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 1769 Google Scholar
[23]	Roth M, Blazevic A, Geissel M, Schlegel T, Cowan T E, Allen M, Gauthier J C, Audebert P, Fuchs J, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Hegelich M, Karsch S, Pukhov A 2002 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 5 061301 Google Scholar
[24]	Krushelnick K, Clark E L, Zepf M, Davies J R, Beg F N, Machacek A, Santala M I K, Tatarakis M, Watts I, Norreys P A, Dangor A E 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 2055 Google Scholar
[25]	McKenna P, Ledingham K W D, Yang J M, Robson L, McCanny T, Shimizu S, Clarke R J, Neely D, Spohr K, Chapman R, Singhal R P, Krushelnick K, Wei M S, Norreys P A 2004 Phys. Rev. E: Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 70 036405 Google Scholar
[26]	Passoni M, Bertagna L, Zani A 2010 New J. Phys. 12 045012 Google Scholar
[27]	Hatchett S P, Brown C G, Cowan T E, Henry E A, Johnson J S, Key M H, Koch J A, Langdon A B, Lasinski B F, Lee R W, Mackinnon A J, Pennington D M, Perry M D, Phillips T W, Roth M, Sangster T C, Singh M S, Snavely R A, Stoyer M A, Wilks S C, Yasuike K 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 2076 Google Scholar
[28]	Kumar S, Gupta D N 2020 Laser Part. Beams 38 73 Google Scholar
[29]	Snavely R A, Key M H, Hatchett S P, Cowan T E, Roth M, Phillips T W, Stoyer M A, Henry E A, Sangster T C, Singh M S, Wilks S C, MacKinnon A, Offenberger A, Pennington D M, Yasuike K, Langdon A B, Lasinski B F, Johnson J, Perry M D, Campbell E M 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2945 Google Scholar
[30]	Mora P 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 185002 Google Scholar
[31]	Sentoku Y, Cowan T E, Kemp A, Ruhl H 2003 Phys. Plasmas 10 2009 Google Scholar
[32]	Fuchs J, Antici P, D'Humières E, Lefebvre E, Borghesi M, Brambrink E, Cecchetti C A, Kaluza M, Malka V, Manclossi M, Meyroneinc S, Mora P, Schreiber J, Toncian T, Pépin H, Audebert P 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 48 Google Scholar
[33]	Mackinnon A J, Sentoku Y, Patel P K, Price D W, Hatchett S, Key M H, Andersen C, Snavely R, Freeman R R 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 215006 Google Scholar
[34]	Kaluza M, Schreiber J, Santala M I K, Tsakiris G D, Eidmann K, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Witte K J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 045003 Google Scholar
[35]	Flacco A, Sylla F, Veltcheva M, Carrié M, Nuter R, Lefebvre E, Batani D, Malka V 2010 Phys. Rev. E: Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 81 036405 Google Scholar
[36]	Zeil K, Kraft S D, Bock S, Bussmann M, Cowan T E, Kluge T, Metzkes J, Richter T, Sauerbrey R, Schramm U 2010 New J. Phys. 12 045015 Google Scholar
[37]	Margarone D, Klimo O, Kim I J, Prokůpek J, Limpouch J, Jeong T M, Mocek T, Pkal J, Kim H T, Proka J, Nam K H, Tolcová L, Choi I W, Lee S K, Sung J H, Yu T J, Korn G 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 234801 Google Scholar
[38]	Margarone D, Kim I J, Psikal J, Kaufman J, Mocek T, Choi I W, Stolcova L, Proska J, Choukourov A, Melnichuk I, Klimo O, Limpouch J, Sung J H, Lee S K, Korn G, Jeong T M 2015 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 18 071304 Google Scholar
[39]	Ogura K, Nishiuchi M, Pirozhkov A S, Tanimoto T, Sagisaka A, Esirkepov T Z, Kando M, Shizuma T, Hayakawa T, Kiriyama H, Shimomura T, Kondo S, Kanazawa S, Nakai Y, Sasao H, Sasao F, Fukuda Y, Sakaki H, Kanasaki M, Yogo A, Bulanov S V, Bolton P R, Kondo K 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 2868 Google Scholar
[40]	Tresca O, Carroll D C, Yuan X H, Aurand B, Bagnoud V, Brenner C M, Coury M, Fils J, Gray R J, Kuehl T, Li C, Li Y T, Lin X X, Quinn M N, Evans R G, Zielbauer B, Roth M, Neely D, McKenna P 2011 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 53 105008 Google Scholar
[41]	Toncian T, Swantusch M, Toncian M, Willi O, Andreev A A, Platonov K Y 2011 Phys. Plasmas 18 043105 Google Scholar
[42]	Poole P L, Obst L, Cochran G E, Metzkes J, Schlenvoigt H P, Prencipe I, Kluge T, Cowan T, Schramm U, Schumacher D W, Zeil K 2018 New J. Phys. 20 013019 Google Scholar
[43]	Dover N P, Nishiuchi M, Sakaki H, Kondo K, Lowe H F, Alkhimova M A, Ditter E J, Ettlinger O C, Faenov A Y, Hata M, Hicks G S, Iwata N, Kiriyama H, Koga J K, Miyahara T, Najmudin Z, Pikuz T A, Pirozhkov A S, Sagisaka A, Schramm U, Sentoku Y, Watanabe Y, Ziegler T, Zeil K, Kando M, Kondo K 2020 High Energy Density Phys. 37 100847 Google Scholar
[44]	Perego C, Zani A, Batani D, Passoni M 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 653 89 Google Scholar
[45]	Spencer I, Ledingham K W D, McKenna P, McCanny T, Singhal R P, Foster P S, Neely D, Langley A J, Divall E J, Hooker C J, Clarke R J, Norreys P A, Clark E L, Krushelnick K, Davies J R 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 046402 Google Scholar
[46]	Buffechoux S, Psikal J, Nakatsutsumi M, Romagnani L, Andreev A, Zeil K, Amin M, Antici P, Burris-Mog T, Compant-La-Fontaine A, d’Humières E, Fourmaux S, Gaillard S, Gobet F, Hannachi F, Kraft S, Mancic A, Plaisir C, Sarri G, Tarisien M, Toncian T, Schramm U, Tampo M, Audebert P, Willi O, Cowan T E, Pépin H, Tikhonchuk V, Borghesi M, Fuchs J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 015005 Google Scholar
[47]	Neely D, Foster P, Robinson A, Lindau F, Lundh O, Persson A, Wahlström C G, McKenna P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 021502 Google Scholar
[48]	Passoni M, Sgattoni A, Prencipe I, Fedeli L, Dellasega D, Cialfi L, Choi I W, Kim I J, Janulewicz K A, Lee H W, Sung J H, Lee S K, Nam C H 2016 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 19 061301 Google Scholar
[49]	Zeil K, Metzkes J, Kluge T, Bussmann M, Cowan T E, Kraft S D, Sauerbrey R, Schmidt B, Zier M, Schramm U 2014 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 56 084004 Google Scholar
[50]	Hegelich B M, Albright B J, Cobble J, Flippo K, Letzring S, Paffett M, Ruhl H, Schreiber J, Schulze R K, Fernández J C 2006 Nature 439 441 Google Scholar
[51]	Wagner F, Deppert O, Brabetz C, Fiala P, Kleinschmidt A, Poth P, Schanz V A, Tebartz A, Zielbauer B, Roth M, Stöhlker T, Bagnoud V 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 205002 Google Scholar
[52]	Passoni M, Perego C, Sgattoni A, Batani D 2013 Phys. Plasmas 20 060701 Google Scholar
[53]	Robson L, Simpson P T, Clarke R J, Ledingham K W D, Lindau F, Lundh O, McCanny T, Mora P, Neely D, Wahlstrom C G, Zepf M, McKenna P 2007 Nat. Phys. 3 58 Google Scholar
[54]	Nakatsutsumi M, Sentoku Y, Korzhimanov A, Chen S N, Buffechoux S, Kon A, Atherton B, Audebert P, Geissel M, Hurd L, Kimmel M, Rambo P, Schollmeier M, Schwarz J, Starodubtsev M, Gremillet L, Kodama R, Fuchs J 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 280 Google Scholar
[55]	Schwoerer H, Pfotenhauer S, Jackel O, Amthor K U, Liesfeld B, Ziegler W, Sauerbrey R, Ledingham K W D, Esirkepov T 2006 Nature 439 445 Google Scholar
[56]	Esirkepov T, Borghesi M, Bulanov S V, Mourou G, Tajima T 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 175003 Google Scholar
[57]	Yan X Q, Lin C, Sheng Z M, Guo Z Y, Liu B C, Lu Y R, Fang J X, Chen J E 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 135003 Google Scholar
[58]	Qiao B, Zepf M, Borghesi M, Dromey B, Geissler M, Karmakar A, Gibbon P 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 155002 Google Scholar
[59]	Chen M, Pukhov A, Yu T P, Sheng Z M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 024801 Google Scholar
[60]	Robinson A P L, Zepf M, Kar S, Evans R G, Bellei C 2008 New J. Phys. 10 013021 Google Scholar
[61]	Qiao B, Zepf M, Borghesi M, Geissler M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 145002 Google Scholar
[62]	Zhuo H B, Chen Z L, Yu W, Sheng Z M, Yu M Y, Jin Z, Kodama R 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 065003 Google Scholar
[63]	Yu T P, Pukhov A, Shvets G, Chen M 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 065002 Google Scholar
[64]	Bulanov S S, Brantov A, Bychenkov V Y, Chvykov V, Kalinchenko G, Matsuoka T, Rousseau P, Reed S, Yanovsky V, Litzenberg D W, Krushelnick K, Maksimchuk A 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 026412 Google Scholar
[65]	Grech M, Skupin S, Nuter R, Gremillet L, Lefebvre E 2009 New J. Phys. 11 093035 Google Scholar
[66]	Aurand B, Kuschel S, Jäckel O, Rödel C, Zhao H Y, Herzer S, Paz A E, Bierbach J, Polz J, Elkin B, Paulus G G, Karmakar A, Gibbon P, Kuehl T, Kaluza M C 2013 New J. Phys. 15 033031 Google Scholar
[67]	Henig A, Steinke S, Schnurer M, Sokollik T, Horlein R, Kiefer D, Jung D, Schreiber J, Hegelich B M, Yan X Q, Meyer-ter-Vehn J, Tajima T, Nickles P V, Sandner W, Habs D 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 245003 Google Scholar
[68]	Kar S, Kakolee K F, Qiao B, Macchi A, Cerchez M, Doria D, Geissler M, McKenna P, Neely D, Osterholz J, Prasad R, Quinn K, Ramakrishna B, Sarri G, Willi O, Yuan X Y, Zepf M, Borghesi M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 185006 Google Scholar
[69]	Steinke S, Hilz P, Schnürer M, Priebe G, Bränzel J, Abicht F, Kiefer D, Kreuzer C, Ostermayr T, Schreiber J, Andreev A A, Yu T P, Pukhov A, Sandner W 2013 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 16 011303 Google Scholar
[70]	Kim I J, Pae K H, Kim C M, Kim H T, Sung J H, Lee S K, Yu T J, Choi I W, Lee C L, Nam K H, Nickles P V, Jeong T M, Lee J 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 165003 Google Scholar
[71]	Bin J H, Ma W J, Wang H Y, Streeter M J V, Kreuzer C, Kiefer D, Yeung M, Cousens S, Foster P S, Dromey B, Yan X Q, Ramis R, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Zepf M, Schreiber J 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 064801 Google Scholar
[72]	Bergé L, Skupin S, Nuter R, Kasparian J, Wolf J P 2007 Rep. Prog. Phys. 70 R03 1633
[73]	Wang H Y, Lin C, Sheng Z M, Liu B, Zhao S, Guo Z Y, Lu Y R, He X T, Chen J E, Yan X Q 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 265002 Google Scholar
[74]	Kim I J, Pae K H, Choi I W, Lee C-L, Kim H T, Singhal H, Sung J H, Lee S K, Lee H W, Nickles P V, Jeong T M, Kim C M, Nam C H 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 070701 Google Scholar
[75]	Bulanov S S, Brantov A, Bychenkov V Y, Chvykov V, Kalinchenko G, Matsuoka T, Rousseau P, Reed S, Yanovsky V, Krushelnick K, Litzenberg D W, Maksimchuk A 2008 Med. Phys. 35 1770 Google Scholar
[76]	Andreev A, Lévy A, Ceccotti T, Thaury C, Platonov K, Loch R A, Martin P 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 155002 Google Scholar
[77]	Antici P, Fuchs J, d'Humieres E, Lefebvre E, Borghesi M, Brambrink E, Cecchetti C A, Gaillard S, Romagnani L, Sentoku Y, Toncian T, Willi O, Audebert P, Pepin H 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 030701 Google Scholar
[78]	Yin Y, Yu W, Yu M Y, Lei A, Yang X, Xu H, Senecha V K 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 093106 Google Scholar
[79]	Xiao K D, Zhou C T, Jiang K, Yang Y C, Li R, Zhang H, Qiao B, Huang T W, Cao J M, Cai T X, Yu M Y, Ruan S C, He X T 2018 Phys. Plasmas 25 023103 Google Scholar
[80]	Wan Y, Pai C H, Zhang C J, Li F, Wu Y P, Hua J F, Lu W, Joshi C, Mori W B, Malka V 2018 Phys. Rev. E 98 013202 Google Scholar
[81]	Wan Y, Andriyash I A, Lu W, Mori W B, Malka V 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 104801 Google Scholar
[82]	Pegoraro F, Bulanov S V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 065002 Google Scholar
[83]	Palmer C A J, Schreiber J, Nagel S R, Dover N P, Bellei C, Beg F N, Bott S, Clarke R J, Dangor A E, Hassan S M, Hilz P, Jung D, Kneip S, Mangles S P D, Lancaster K L, Rehman A, Robinson A P L, Spindloe C, Szerypo J, Tatarakis M, Yeung M, Zepf M, Najmudin Z 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 225002 Google Scholar
[84]	Koyama K, Petre R, Gotthelf E V, Hwang U, Matsuura M, Ozaki M, Holt S S 1995 Nature 378 255 Google Scholar
[85]	Caprioli D, Blasi P, Amato E 2011 Astropart. Phys. 34 447 Google Scholar
[86]	Adriani O, Barbarino G C, Bazilevskaya G A, et al. 2011 Science 332 69 Google Scholar
[87]	Zhidkov A, Uesaka M, Sasaki A, Daido H 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 215002 Google Scholar
[88]	Silva L O, Marti M, Davies J R, Fonseca R A, Ren C, Tsung F S, Mori W B 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 015002 Google Scholar
[89]	Zhang W L, Qiao B, Huang T W, Shen X F, You W Y, Yan X Q, Wu S Z, Zhou C T, He X T 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 073118 Google Scholar
[90]	Fiuza F, Stockem A, Boella E, Fonseca R A, Silva L O, Haberberger D, Tochitsky S, Gong C, Mori W B, Joshi C 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 215001 Google Scholar
[91]	Wei M S, Mangles S P D, Najmudin Z, Walton B, Gopal A, Tatarakis M, Dangor A E, Clark E L, Evans R G, Fritzler S, Clarke R J, Hernandez-Gomez C, Neely D, Mori W, Tzoufras M, Krushelnick K 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 155003 Google Scholar
[92]	Haberberger D, Tochitsky S, Fiuza F, Gong C, Fonseca R A, Silva L O, Mori W B, Joshi C 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 95 Google Scholar
[93]	Zhang H, Shen B F, Wang W P, Zhai S H, Li S S, Lu X M, Li J F, Xu R J, Wang X L, Liang X Y, Leng Y X, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 164801 Google Scholar
[94]	Tochitsky S, Pak A, Fiuza F, Haberberger D, Lemos N, Link A, Froula D H, Joshi C 2020 Phys. Plasmas 27 083102 Google Scholar
[95]	He H, Qiao B, Shen X F, Yao W P, Xie Y, Zhou C T, He X T, Zhu S P, Pei W B, Fu S Z 2019 New J. Phys. 21 033035 Google Scholar
[96]	Yin L, Albright B J, Hegelich B M, Bowers K J, Flippo K A, Kwan T J T, Fernández J C 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 056706 Google Scholar
[97]	Hegelich B M, Pomerantz I, Yin L, Wu H C, Jung D, Albright B J, Gautier D C, Letzring S, Palaniyappan S, Shah R, Allinger K, Hörlein R, Schreiber J, Habs D, Blakeney J, Dyer G, Fuller L, Gaul E, McCary E, Meadows A R, Wang C, Ditmire T, Fernandez J C 2013 New J. Phys. 15 085015 Google Scholar
[98]	Ostermayr T M, Haffa D, Hilz P, Pauw V, Allinger K, Bamberg K U, Böhl P, Bömer C, Bolton P R, Deutschmann F, Ditmire T, Donovan M E, Dyer G, Gaul E, Gordon J, Hegelich B M, Kiefer D, Klier C, Kreuzer C, Martinez M, McCary E, Meadows A R, Moschüring N, Rösch T, Ruhl H, Spinks M, Wagner C, Schreiber J 2016 Phys. Rev. E 94 033208 Google Scholar
[99]	Zigler A, Eisenman S, Botton M, Nahum E, Schleifer E, Baspaly A, Pomerantz I, Abicht F, Branzel J, Priebe G, Steinke S, Andreev A, Schnuerer M, Sandner W, Gordon D, Sprangle P, Ledingham K W D 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 215004 Google Scholar
[100]	Naumova N, Schlegel T, Tikhonchuk V T, Labaune C, Sokolov I V, Mourou G 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 025002 Google Scholar
[101]	Zigler A, Palchan T, Bruner N, Schleifer E, Eisenmann S, Botton M, Henis Z, Pikuz S A, Faenov A Y, Gordon D, Sprangle P 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 134801 Google Scholar
[102]	Brenner C M, Robinson A P L, Markey K, Scott R H H, Gray R J, Rosinski M, Deppert O, Badziak J, Batani D, Davies J R, Hassan S M, Lancaster K L, Li K, Musgrave I O, Norreys P A, Pasley J, Roth M, Schlenvoigt H P, Spindloe C, Tatarakis M, Winstone T, Wolowski J, Wyatt D, McKenna P, Neely D 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 081123 Google Scholar
[103]	Markey K, McKenna P, Brenner C M, Carroll D C, Guenther M M, Harres K, Kar S, Lancaster K, Nuernberg F, Quinn M N, Robinson A P L, Roth M, Zepf M, Neely D 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 195008 Google Scholar
[104]	Wang D, Shou Y, Wang P, Liu J, Li C, Gong Z, Hu R, Ma W, Yan X 2018 Sci. Rep. 8 2536 Google Scholar
[105]	Rahman O, Tong S F, Sheng Z M 2020 Phys. Plasmas 27 033107 Google Scholar
[106]	Robinson A P L, Neely D, McKenna P, Evans R G 2007 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 49 373 Google Scholar
[107]	Ma W J, Kim I J, Yu J Q, Choi I W, Singh P K, Lee H W, Sung J H, Lee S K, Lin C, Liao Q, Zhu J G, Lu H Y, Liu B, Wang H Y, Xu R F, He X T, Chen J E, Zepf M, Schreiber J, Yan X Q, Nam C H 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 014803 Google Scholar
[108]	Scullion C, Doria D, Romagnani L, Sgattoni A, Naughton K, Symes D R, McKenna P, Macchi A, Zepf M, Kar S, Borghesi M 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 054801 Google Scholar
[109]	Bulanov S V, Dylov D V, Esirkepov T Z, Kamenets F F, Sokolov D V 2005 Plasma Phys. Rep. 31 369 Google Scholar
[110]	Park J, Bulanov S S, Bin J, Ji Q, Steinke S, Vay J L, Geddes C G R, Schroeder C B, Leemans W P, Schenkel T, Esarey E 2019 Phys. Plasmas 26 103108 Google Scholar
[111]	Liu B, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Bamberg K U, Ma W J, Liu J, He X T, Yan X Q, Ruhl H 2016 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 19 073401 Google Scholar
[112]	Liu B, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Ruhl H 2018 Phys. Plasmas 25 103117 Google Scholar
[113]	Shen X F, Qiao B, Zhang H, Xie Y, Kar S, Borghesi M, Zepf M, Zhou C T, Zhu S P, He X T 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 144102 Google Scholar
[114]	Pfotenhauer S M, Jäckel O, Polz J, Steinke S, Schlenvoigt H P, Heymann J, Robinson A P L, Kaluza M C 2010 New J. Phys. 12 103009 Google Scholar
[115]	Wang W P, Shen B F, Zhang H, Lu X M, Li J F, Zhai S H, Li S S, Wang X L, Xu R J, Wang C, Leng Y X, Liang X Y, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2018 Phys. Plasmas 25 063116 Google Scholar
[116]	Toncian T, Borghesi M, Fuchs J, d'Humieres E, Antici P, Audebert P, Brambrink E, Cecchetti C A, Pipahl A, Romagnani L, Willi O 2006 Science 312 410 Google Scholar
[117]	Wang H C, Weng S M, Murakami M, Sheng Z M, Chen M, Zhao Q, Zhang J 2017 Phys. Plasmas 24 093117 Google Scholar
[118]	He H, Qiao B, Shen X F, Yao W P, Yao Y L, Zhou C T, He X T, Zhu S P, Pei W B, Fu S Z 2019 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 61 115005 Google Scholar
[119]	Kar S, Ahmed H, Prasad R, Cerchez M, Brauckmann S, Aurand B, Cantono G, Hadjisolomou P, Lewis C L S, Macchi A, Nersisyan G, Robinson A P L, Schroer A M, Swantusch M, Zepf M, Willi O, Borghesi M 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 10792 Google Scholar
[120]	Kar S, Ahmed H, Nersisyan G, Brauckmann S, Hanton F, Giesecke A L, Naughton K, Willi O, Lewis C L S, Borghesi M 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 055711 Google Scholar
[121]	Ahmed H, Kar S, Giesecke A L, Doria D, Nersisyan G, Willi O, Lewis C L S, Borghesi M 2017 High Power Laser Sci. Eng. 5 e4 Google Scholar
[122]	Ahmed H, Kar S, Cantono G, Hadjisolomou P, Poye A, Gwynne D, Lewis C L S, Macchi A, Naughton K, Nersisyan G, Tikhonchuk V, Willi O, Borghesi M 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 10891 Google Scholar
[123]	Bardon M, Moreau J G, Romagnani L, Rousseaux C, Ferri M, Lefèvre F, Lantuéjoul I, Etchessahar B, Bazzoli S, Farcage D, Maskrot H, Serres F, Chevrot M, Loyez E, Veuillot E, Cayzac W, Vauzour B, Boutoux G, Sary G, Compant La Fontaine A, Gremillet L, Poyé A, D'Humières E, Tikhonchuk V T 2020 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 62 125019 Google Scholar
[124]	Danson C N, Haefner C, Bromage J, Butcher T, Chanteloup J C F, Chowdhury E A, Galvanauskas A, Gizzi L A, Hein J, Hillier D I, Hopps N W, Kato Y, Khazanov E A, Kodama R, Korn G, Li R, Li Y, Limpert J, Ma J, Nam C H, Neely D, Papadopoulos D, Penman R R, Qian L, Rocca J J, Shaykin A A, Siders C W, Spindloe C, Szatmári S, Trines R M G M, Zhu J, Zhu P, Zuegel J D 2019 High Power Laser Sci. Eng. 7 e54 Google Scholar
[125]	Margarone D, Cirrone G, Cuttone G, Amico A, Andò L, Borghesi M, Bulanov S, Bulanov S, Chatain D, Fajstavr A, Giuffrida L, Grepl F, Kar S, Krasa J, Kramer D, Larosa G, Leanza R, Levato T, Maggiore M, Manti L, Milluzzo G, Odlozilik B, Olsovcova V, Perin J-P, Pipek J, Psikal J, Petringa G, Ridky J, Romano F, Rus B, Russo A, Schillaci F, Scuderi V, Velyhan A, Versaci R, Wiste T, Zakova M, Korn G 2018 Quantum Beam Sci. 2 8 Google Scholar
[126]	Wu M, Zhu J, Li D, Yang T, Liao Q, Geng Y, Xu X, Li C, Shou Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Lu H, Ma W, Lin C, Zhu K, Yan X 2020 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 955 163249 Google Scholar

Cited By

图 1 靶背鞘层场加速机制

Figure 1. Target normal sheath acceleration regime.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 首次开展靶背鞘层场激光加速实验^[29]　(a) 靶背发射质子分布; (b) 质子能谱指数型分布

Figure 2. First experiment of ion acceleration in the TNSA regime^[29]: (a) Distribution of proton emission from the rear target; (b) exponential energy spectra of accelerated protons.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 RPA机制获得的质子和碳离子能谱^[67]

Figure 3. Energy spectra of protons and carbon ions accelerated in RPA regime^[67].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 RPA机制所获得的高能质子加速结果　(a) 飞秒激光加速最高能量与光强的关系^[74]; (b) 皮秒激光质子加速能谱^[16]

Figure 4. Experimental results of laser-driven high-power protons in RPA regime: (a) Maximum proton energy as a function of on-target intensity of the femtosecond laser pulses^[74]; (b) energy spectrum of protons employing picosecond laser pulses^[16].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 CES加速实验^[94]　(a) 激波加速密度调制示意图; (b) 质子和碳的准单能峰分布

Figure 5. Experiment of CES acceleration^[94]: (a) Experimental setup of collisionless electrostatic shock acceleration after tailoring the density profile of the plasma; (b) quasimonoenergetic protons and carbon ions in the spectra.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 双层靶加速实验^[107]　(a) 级联过程示意图; (b) 质子碳离子能谱分布

Figure 6. Experiment laser-driven acceleration using a double-layer target ^[107]: (a) Schematic drawing of the cascaded acceleration process; (b) protons and carbon ions spectrum for: with CNF (black lines) and without (red lines).

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 7 磁涡旋加速机制^[110]

Figure 7. Magnetic vortex acceleration regime^[110].

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 8 静电电容加速机制^[113]　(a) 加速原理; (b) 不同脉宽激光的三维PIC模拟结果

Figure 8. Schematic of the electrostatic capacitance-type acceleration regime^[113]: (a) Principle of ions acceleration; (b) three dimensional PIC simulation results for three different pulse durations.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 9 多级TNSA加速方案^[114]　(a) 实验示意图; (b) 质子能谱分布

Figure 9. Multi-stage TNSA acceleration^[114]: (a) Schematics of experimental setup; (b) energy spectra of the proton beams.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 10 微米管级联加速^[116]　(a) 微米管示意图; (b) 电荷分离场的形成

Figure 10. Cascade acceleration with microtubes^[116]: (a) Schematic diagram of the scheme; (b) space-charge field irradiated by the CPA laser pulse.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 11 全光学离子加速级联方案^[118]　(a) 微米管对质子进行级联加速; (b) 质子截止能量演变过程

Figure 11. All-optical cascaded ion acceleration scheme^[118]: (a) Post-acceleration of protons in microtubes irradiated by femtosecond laser; (b) time evolution of the maximum ion energy.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 12 螺旋管级联加速方案^[119]　(a) 脉冲电流沿螺线管传播; (b) 螺线管内部电场分布

Figure 12. Schematic of the post-acceleration of ions in helical coils^[119]: (a) Propagation of electromagnetic pulse along the metallic wire; (b) schematic representation of laser-excited electric field inside the coils

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 13 螺线管级联加速实验及模拟结果^[119]　(a) 质子能谱分布; (b) 质子束三维分布; (c) 两次级联加速模拟结果

Figure 13. Experimental and simulated results of post-acceleration using helical coils^[119]: (a) Proton spectrum with and without the helical coils; (b) spatial profile of the ion beams; (c) proton spectra of the input proton source, after the single-stage and after the double-stage post acceleration.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]	Ledingham K W D, Bolton P R, Shikazono N, Ma C M C 2014 Appl. Sci. 4 402 Google Scholar
[2]	Borghesi M, Fuchs J, Bulanov S V, Mackinnon A J, Patel P K, Roth M 2006 Fusion Sci. Technol. 49 412 Google Scholar
[3]	He X T, Li J W, Fan Z F, Wang L F, Liu J, Lan K, Wu J F, Ye W H 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 082706 Google Scholar
[4]	Malka V, Fritzler S, Lefebvre E, d'Humieres E, Ferrand R, Grillon G, Albaret C, Meyroneinc S, Chambaret J P, Antonetti A, Hulin D 2004 Med. Phys. 31 1587 Google Scholar
[5]	Bulanov S V, Wilkens J J, Esirkepov T Z, Korn G, Kraft G, Kraft S D, Molls M, Khoroshkov V S 2014 Phys. Usp. 57 1149 Google Scholar
[6]	Zhu J G, Wu M J, Liao Q, Geng Y X, Zhu K, Li C C, Xu X H, Li D Y, Shou Y R, Yang T, Wang P J, Wang D H, Wang J J, Chen C E, He X T, Zhao Y Y, Ma W J, Lu H Y, Tajima T, Lin C, Yan X Q 2019 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 22 061302 Google Scholar
[7]	Tao L, Zhu K, Zhu J, Xu X, Lin C, Ma W, Lu H, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Chen J E, Yan X 2017 Phys. Med. Biol. 62 5200 Google Scholar
[8]	Bayart E, Flacco A, Delmas O, Pommarel L, Levy D, Cavallone M, Megnin-Chanet F, Deutsch E, Malka V 2019 Sci. Rep. 9 10132 Google Scholar
[9]	Kraft S D, Richter C, Zeil K, Baumann M, Beyreuther E, Bock S, Bussmann M, Cowan T E, Dammene Y, Enghardt W, Heibig U, Karsch L, Kluge T, Laschinsky L, Lessmann E, Metzkes J, Naumburger D, Sauerbrey R, Schürer M, Sobiella M, Woithe J, Schramm U, Pawelke J 2010 New J. Phys. 12 085003 Google Scholar
[10]	Hofmann K M, Masood U, Pawelke J, Wilkens J J 2015 Med. Phys. 42 5120 Google Scholar
[11]	Masood U, Cowan T E, Enghardt W, Hofmann K M, Karsch L, Kroll F, Schramm U, Wilkens J J, Pawelke J 2017 Phys. Med. Biol. 62 5531 Google Scholar
[12]	Manti L, Perozziello F M, Borghesi M, Candiano G, Chaudhary P, Cirrone G A P, Doria D, Gwynne D, Leanza R, Prise K M, Romagnani L, Romano F, Scuderi V, Tramontana A 2017 J. Instrum. 12 C03084 Google Scholar
[13]	Durante M, BräUer-Krisch E, Hill M 2018 Br. J. Radiol. 91 20170628
[14]	Linz U, Alonso J 2016 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 19 124802 Google Scholar
[15]	Linz U, Alonso J 2007 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 10 094801 Google Scholar
[16]	Higginson A, Gray R J, King M, Dance R J, Williamson S D R, Butler N M H, Wilson R, Capdessus R, Armstrong C, Green J S, Hawkes S J, Martin P, Wei W Q, Mirfayzi S R, Yuan X H, Kar S, Borghesi M, Clarke R J, Neely D, McKenna P 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 724 Google Scholar
[17]	Daido H, Nishiuchi M, Pirozhkov A S 2012 Rep. Prog. Phys. 75 056401 Google Scholar
[18]	Macchi A, Borghesi M, Passoni M 2013 Rev. Mod. Phys. 85 751 Google Scholar
[19]	Brunel F 1987 Phys. Rev. Lett. 59 52 Google Scholar
[20]	Wilks S C, Langdon A B, Cowan T E, Roth M, Singh M, Hatchett S, Key M H, Pennington D, MacKinnon A, Snavely R A 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 542 Google Scholar
[21]	Karsch S, Düsterer S, Schwoerer H, Ewald F, Habs D, Hegelich M, Pretzler G, Pukhov A, Witte K, Sauerbrey R 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91 015001 Google Scholar
[22]	Mackinnon A J, Borghesi M, Hatchett S, Key M H, Patel P K, Campbell H, Schiavi A, Snavely R, Wilks S C, Willi O 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 1769 Google Scholar
[23]	Roth M, Blazevic A, Geissel M, Schlegel T, Cowan T E, Allen M, Gauthier J C, Audebert P, Fuchs J, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Hegelich M, Karsch S, Pukhov A 2002 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 5 061301 Google Scholar
[24]	Krushelnick K, Clark E L, Zepf M, Davies J R, Beg F N, Machacek A, Santala M I K, Tatarakis M, Watts I, Norreys P A, Dangor A E 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 2055 Google Scholar
[25]	McKenna P, Ledingham K W D, Yang J M, Robson L, McCanny T, Shimizu S, Clarke R J, Neely D, Spohr K, Chapman R, Singhal R P, Krushelnick K, Wei M S, Norreys P A 2004 Phys. Rev. E: Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 70 036405 Google Scholar
[26]	Passoni M, Bertagna L, Zani A 2010 New J. Phys. 12 045012 Google Scholar
[27]	Hatchett S P, Brown C G, Cowan T E, Henry E A, Johnson J S, Key M H, Koch J A, Langdon A B, Lasinski B F, Lee R W, Mackinnon A J, Pennington D M, Perry M D, Phillips T W, Roth M, Sangster T C, Singh M S, Snavely R A, Stoyer M A, Wilks S C, Yasuike K 2000 Phys. Plasmas 7 2076 Google Scholar
[28]	Kumar S, Gupta D N 2020 Laser Part. Beams 38 73 Google Scholar
[29]	Snavely R A, Key M H, Hatchett S P, Cowan T E, Roth M, Phillips T W, Stoyer M A, Henry E A, Sangster T C, Singh M S, Wilks S C, MacKinnon A, Offenberger A, Pennington D M, Yasuike K, Langdon A B, Lasinski B F, Johnson J, Perry M D, Campbell E M 2000 Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 2945 Google Scholar
[30]	Mora P 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 185002 Google Scholar
[31]	Sentoku Y, Cowan T E, Kemp A, Ruhl H 2003 Phys. Plasmas 10 2009 Google Scholar
[32]	Fuchs J, Antici P, D'Humières E, Lefebvre E, Borghesi M, Brambrink E, Cecchetti C A, Kaluza M, Malka V, Manclossi M, Meyroneinc S, Mora P, Schreiber J, Toncian T, Pépin H, Audebert P 2006 Nat. Phys. 2 48 Google Scholar
[33]	Mackinnon A J, Sentoku Y, Patel P K, Price D W, Hatchett S, Key M H, Andersen C, Snavely R, Freeman R R 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 215006 Google Scholar
[34]	Kaluza M, Schreiber J, Santala M I K, Tsakiris G D, Eidmann K, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Witte K J 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 045003 Google Scholar
[35]	Flacco A, Sylla F, Veltcheva M, Carrié M, Nuter R, Lefebvre E, Batani D, Malka V 2010 Phys. Rev. E: Stat. Nonlinear Soft Matter Phys. 81 036405 Google Scholar
[36]	Zeil K, Kraft S D, Bock S, Bussmann M, Cowan T E, Kluge T, Metzkes J, Richter T, Sauerbrey R, Schramm U 2010 New J. Phys. 12 045015 Google Scholar
[37]	Margarone D, Klimo O, Kim I J, Prokůpek J, Limpouch J, Jeong T M, Mocek T, Pkal J, Kim H T, Proka J, Nam K H, Tolcová L, Choi I W, Lee S K, Sung J H, Yu T J, Korn G 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 234801 Google Scholar
[38]	Margarone D, Kim I J, Psikal J, Kaufman J, Mocek T, Choi I W, Stolcova L, Proska J, Choukourov A, Melnichuk I, Klimo O, Limpouch J, Sung J H, Lee S K, Korn G, Jeong T M 2015 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 18 071304 Google Scholar
[39]	Ogura K, Nishiuchi M, Pirozhkov A S, Tanimoto T, Sagisaka A, Esirkepov T Z, Kando M, Shizuma T, Hayakawa T, Kiriyama H, Shimomura T, Kondo S, Kanazawa S, Nakai Y, Sasao H, Sasao F, Fukuda Y, Sakaki H, Kanasaki M, Yogo A, Bulanov S V, Bolton P R, Kondo K 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 2868 Google Scholar
[40]	Tresca O, Carroll D C, Yuan X H, Aurand B, Bagnoud V, Brenner C M, Coury M, Fils J, Gray R J, Kuehl T, Li C, Li Y T, Lin X X, Quinn M N, Evans R G, Zielbauer B, Roth M, Neely D, McKenna P 2011 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 53 105008 Google Scholar
[41]	Toncian T, Swantusch M, Toncian M, Willi O, Andreev A A, Platonov K Y 2011 Phys. Plasmas 18 043105 Google Scholar
[42]	Poole P L, Obst L, Cochran G E, Metzkes J, Schlenvoigt H P, Prencipe I, Kluge T, Cowan T, Schramm U, Schumacher D W, Zeil K 2018 New J. Phys. 20 013019 Google Scholar
[43]	Dover N P, Nishiuchi M, Sakaki H, Kondo K, Lowe H F, Alkhimova M A, Ditter E J, Ettlinger O C, Faenov A Y, Hata M, Hicks G S, Iwata N, Kiriyama H, Koga J K, Miyahara T, Najmudin Z, Pikuz T A, Pirozhkov A S, Sagisaka A, Schramm U, Sentoku Y, Watanabe Y, Ziegler T, Zeil K, Kando M, Kondo K 2020 High Energy Density Phys. 37 100847 Google Scholar
[44]	Perego C, Zani A, Batani D, Passoni M 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 653 89 Google Scholar
[45]	Spencer I, Ledingham K W D, McKenna P, McCanny T, Singhal R P, Foster P S, Neely D, Langley A J, Divall E J, Hooker C J, Clarke R J, Norreys P A, Clark E L, Krushelnick K, Davies J R 2003 Phys. Rev. E 67 046402 Google Scholar
[46]	Buffechoux S, Psikal J, Nakatsutsumi M, Romagnani L, Andreev A, Zeil K, Amin M, Antici P, Burris-Mog T, Compant-La-Fontaine A, d’Humières E, Fourmaux S, Gaillard S, Gobet F, Hannachi F, Kraft S, Mancic A, Plaisir C, Sarri G, Tarisien M, Toncian T, Schramm U, Tampo M, Audebert P, Willi O, Cowan T E, Pépin H, Tikhonchuk V, Borghesi M, Fuchs J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 015005 Google Scholar
[47]	Neely D, Foster P, Robinson A, Lindau F, Lundh O, Persson A, Wahlström C G, McKenna P 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 021502 Google Scholar
[48]	Passoni M, Sgattoni A, Prencipe I, Fedeli L, Dellasega D, Cialfi L, Choi I W, Kim I J, Janulewicz K A, Lee H W, Sung J H, Lee S K, Nam C H 2016 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 19 061301 Google Scholar
[49]	Zeil K, Metzkes J, Kluge T, Bussmann M, Cowan T E, Kraft S D, Sauerbrey R, Schmidt B, Zier M, Schramm U 2014 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 56 084004 Google Scholar
[50]	Hegelich B M, Albright B J, Cobble J, Flippo K, Letzring S, Paffett M, Ruhl H, Schreiber J, Schulze R K, Fernández J C 2006 Nature 439 441 Google Scholar
[51]	Wagner F, Deppert O, Brabetz C, Fiala P, Kleinschmidt A, Poth P, Schanz V A, Tebartz A, Zielbauer B, Roth M, Stöhlker T, Bagnoud V 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 205002 Google Scholar
[52]	Passoni M, Perego C, Sgattoni A, Batani D 2013 Phys. Plasmas 20 060701 Google Scholar
[53]	Robson L, Simpson P T, Clarke R J, Ledingham K W D, Lindau F, Lundh O, McCanny T, Mora P, Neely D, Wahlstrom C G, Zepf M, McKenna P 2007 Nat. Phys. 3 58 Google Scholar
[54]	Nakatsutsumi M, Sentoku Y, Korzhimanov A, Chen S N, Buffechoux S, Kon A, Atherton B, Audebert P, Geissel M, Hurd L, Kimmel M, Rambo P, Schollmeier M, Schwarz J, Starodubtsev M, Gremillet L, Kodama R, Fuchs J 2018 Nat. Commun. 9 280 Google Scholar
[55]	Schwoerer H, Pfotenhauer S, Jackel O, Amthor K U, Liesfeld B, Ziegler W, Sauerbrey R, Ledingham K W D, Esirkepov T 2006 Nature 439 445 Google Scholar
[56]	Esirkepov T, Borghesi M, Bulanov S V, Mourou G, Tajima T 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 175003 Google Scholar
[57]	Yan X Q, Lin C, Sheng Z M, Guo Z Y, Liu B C, Lu Y R, Fang J X, Chen J E 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 135003 Google Scholar
[58]	Qiao B, Zepf M, Borghesi M, Dromey B, Geissler M, Karmakar A, Gibbon P 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 155002 Google Scholar
[59]	Chen M, Pukhov A, Yu T P, Sheng Z M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 024801 Google Scholar
[60]	Robinson A P L, Zepf M, Kar S, Evans R G, Bellei C 2008 New J. Phys. 10 013021 Google Scholar
[61]	Qiao B, Zepf M, Borghesi M, Geissler M 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 145002 Google Scholar
[62]	Zhuo H B, Chen Z L, Yu W, Sheng Z M, Yu M Y, Jin Z, Kodama R 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 065003 Google Scholar
[63]	Yu T P, Pukhov A, Shvets G, Chen M 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 065002 Google Scholar
[64]	Bulanov S S, Brantov A, Bychenkov V Y, Chvykov V, Kalinchenko G, Matsuoka T, Rousseau P, Reed S, Yanovsky V, Litzenberg D W, Krushelnick K, Maksimchuk A 2008 Phys. Rev. E 78 026412 Google Scholar
[65]	Grech M, Skupin S, Nuter R, Gremillet L, Lefebvre E 2009 New J. Phys. 11 093035 Google Scholar
[66]	Aurand B, Kuschel S, Jäckel O, Rödel C, Zhao H Y, Herzer S, Paz A E, Bierbach J, Polz J, Elkin B, Paulus G G, Karmakar A, Gibbon P, Kuehl T, Kaluza M C 2013 New J. Phys. 15 033031 Google Scholar
[67]	Henig A, Steinke S, Schnurer M, Sokollik T, Horlein R, Kiefer D, Jung D, Schreiber J, Hegelich B M, Yan X Q, Meyer-ter-Vehn J, Tajima T, Nickles P V, Sandner W, Habs D 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 245003 Google Scholar
[68]	Kar S, Kakolee K F, Qiao B, Macchi A, Cerchez M, Doria D, Geissler M, McKenna P, Neely D, Osterholz J, Prasad R, Quinn K, Ramakrishna B, Sarri G, Willi O, Yuan X Y, Zepf M, Borghesi M 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 185006 Google Scholar
[69]	Steinke S, Hilz P, Schnürer M, Priebe G, Bränzel J, Abicht F, Kiefer D, Kreuzer C, Ostermayr T, Schreiber J, Andreev A A, Yu T P, Pukhov A, Sandner W 2013 Phys. Rev. Spec. Top. Accel. Beams 16 011303 Google Scholar
[70]	Kim I J, Pae K H, Kim C M, Kim H T, Sung J H, Lee S K, Yu T J, Choi I W, Lee C L, Nam K H, Nickles P V, Jeong T M, Lee J 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 165003 Google Scholar
[71]	Bin J H, Ma W J, Wang H Y, Streeter M J V, Kreuzer C, Kiefer D, Yeung M, Cousens S, Foster P S, Dromey B, Yan X Q, Ramis R, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Zepf M, Schreiber J 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 064801 Google Scholar
[72]	Bergé L, Skupin S, Nuter R, Kasparian J, Wolf J P 2007 Rep. Prog. Phys. 70 R03 1633
[73]	Wang H Y, Lin C, Sheng Z M, Liu B, Zhao S, Guo Z Y, Lu Y R, He X T, Chen J E, Yan X Q 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 265002 Google Scholar
[74]	Kim I J, Pae K H, Choi I W, Lee C-L, Kim H T, Singhal H, Sung J H, Lee S K, Lee H W, Nickles P V, Jeong T M, Kim C M, Nam C H 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 070701 Google Scholar
[75]	Bulanov S S, Brantov A, Bychenkov V Y, Chvykov V, Kalinchenko G, Matsuoka T, Rousseau P, Reed S, Yanovsky V, Krushelnick K, Litzenberg D W, Maksimchuk A 2008 Med. Phys. 35 1770 Google Scholar
[76]	Andreev A, Lévy A, Ceccotti T, Thaury C, Platonov K, Loch R A, Martin P 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 155002 Google Scholar
[77]	Antici P, Fuchs J, d'Humieres E, Lefebvre E, Borghesi M, Brambrink E, Cecchetti C A, Gaillard S, Romagnani L, Sentoku Y, Toncian T, Willi O, Audebert P, Pepin H 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 030701 Google Scholar
[78]	Yin Y, Yu W, Yu M Y, Lei A, Yang X, Xu H, Senecha V K 2008 Phys. Plasmas 15 093106 Google Scholar
[79]	Xiao K D, Zhou C T, Jiang K, Yang Y C, Li R, Zhang H, Qiao B, Huang T W, Cao J M, Cai T X, Yu M Y, Ruan S C, He X T 2018 Phys. Plasmas 25 023103 Google Scholar
[80]	Wan Y, Pai C H, Zhang C J, Li F, Wu Y P, Hua J F, Lu W, Joshi C, Mori W B, Malka V 2018 Phys. Rev. E 98 013202 Google Scholar
[81]	Wan Y, Andriyash I A, Lu W, Mori W B, Malka V 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 125 104801 Google Scholar
[82]	Pegoraro F, Bulanov S V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 065002 Google Scholar
[83]	Palmer C A J, Schreiber J, Nagel S R, Dover N P, Bellei C, Beg F N, Bott S, Clarke R J, Dangor A E, Hassan S M, Hilz P, Jung D, Kneip S, Mangles S P D, Lancaster K L, Rehman A, Robinson A P L, Spindloe C, Szerypo J, Tatarakis M, Yeung M, Zepf M, Najmudin Z 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 108 225002 Google Scholar
[84]	Koyama K, Petre R, Gotthelf E V, Hwang U, Matsuura M, Ozaki M, Holt S S 1995 Nature 378 255 Google Scholar
[85]	Caprioli D, Blasi P, Amato E 2011 Astropart. Phys. 34 447 Google Scholar
[86]	Adriani O, Barbarino G C, Bazilevskaya G A, et al. 2011 Science 332 69 Google Scholar
[87]	Zhidkov A, Uesaka M, Sasaki A, Daido H 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 89 215002 Google Scholar
[88]	Silva L O, Marti M, Davies J R, Fonseca R A, Ren C, Tsung F S, Mori W B 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 015002 Google Scholar
[89]	Zhang W L, Qiao B, Huang T W, Shen X F, You W Y, Yan X Q, Wu S Z, Zhou C T, He X T 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 073118 Google Scholar
[90]	Fiuza F, Stockem A, Boella E, Fonseca R A, Silva L O, Haberberger D, Tochitsky S, Gong C, Mori W B, Joshi C 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 215001 Google Scholar
[91]	Wei M S, Mangles S P D, Najmudin Z, Walton B, Gopal A, Tatarakis M, Dangor A E, Clark E L, Evans R G, Fritzler S, Clarke R J, Hernandez-Gomez C, Neely D, Mori W, Tzoufras M, Krushelnick K 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 155003 Google Scholar
[92]	Haberberger D, Tochitsky S, Fiuza F, Gong C, Fonseca R A, Silva L O, Mori W B, Joshi C 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 95 Google Scholar
[93]	Zhang H, Shen B F, Wang W P, Zhai S H, Li S S, Lu X M, Li J F, Xu R J, Wang X L, Liang X Y, Leng Y X, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 164801 Google Scholar
[94]	Tochitsky S, Pak A, Fiuza F, Haberberger D, Lemos N, Link A, Froula D H, Joshi C 2020 Phys. Plasmas 27 083102 Google Scholar
[95]	He H, Qiao B, Shen X F, Yao W P, Xie Y, Zhou C T, He X T, Zhu S P, Pei W B, Fu S Z 2019 New J. Phys. 21 033035 Google Scholar
[96]	Yin L, Albright B J, Hegelich B M, Bowers K J, Flippo K A, Kwan T J T, Fernández J C 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 056706 Google Scholar
[97]	Hegelich B M, Pomerantz I, Yin L, Wu H C, Jung D, Albright B J, Gautier D C, Letzring S, Palaniyappan S, Shah R, Allinger K, Hörlein R, Schreiber J, Habs D, Blakeney J, Dyer G, Fuller L, Gaul E, McCary E, Meadows A R, Wang C, Ditmire T, Fernandez J C 2013 New J. Phys. 15 085015 Google Scholar
[98]	Ostermayr T M, Haffa D, Hilz P, Pauw V, Allinger K, Bamberg K U, Böhl P, Bömer C, Bolton P R, Deutschmann F, Ditmire T, Donovan M E, Dyer G, Gaul E, Gordon J, Hegelich B M, Kiefer D, Klier C, Kreuzer C, Martinez M, McCary E, Meadows A R, Moschüring N, Rösch T, Ruhl H, Spinks M, Wagner C, Schreiber J 2016 Phys. Rev. E 94 033208 Google Scholar
[99]	Zigler A, Eisenman S, Botton M, Nahum E, Schleifer E, Baspaly A, Pomerantz I, Abicht F, Branzel J, Priebe G, Steinke S, Andreev A, Schnuerer M, Sandner W, Gordon D, Sprangle P, Ledingham K W D 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 215004 Google Scholar
[100]	Naumova N, Schlegel T, Tikhonchuk V T, Labaune C, Sokolov I V, Mourou G 2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 025002 Google Scholar
[101]	Zigler A, Palchan T, Bruner N, Schleifer E, Eisenmann S, Botton M, Henis Z, Pikuz S A, Faenov A Y, Gordon D, Sprangle P 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 134801 Google Scholar
[102]	Brenner C M, Robinson A P L, Markey K, Scott R H H, Gray R J, Rosinski M, Deppert O, Badziak J, Batani D, Davies J R, Hassan S M, Lancaster K L, Li K, Musgrave I O, Norreys P A, Pasley J, Roth M, Schlenvoigt H P, Spindloe C, Tatarakis M, Winstone T, Wolowski J, Wyatt D, McKenna P, Neely D 2014 Appl. Phys. Lett. 104 081123 Google Scholar
[103]	Markey K, McKenna P, Brenner C M, Carroll D C, Guenther M M, Harres K, Kar S, Lancaster K, Nuernberg F, Quinn M N, Robinson A P L, Roth M, Zepf M, Neely D 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 195008 Google Scholar
[104]	Wang D, Shou Y, Wang P, Liu J, Li C, Gong Z, Hu R, Ma W, Yan X 2018 Sci. Rep. 8 2536 Google Scholar
[105]	Rahman O, Tong S F, Sheng Z M 2020 Phys. Plasmas 27 033107 Google Scholar
[106]	Robinson A P L, Neely D, McKenna P, Evans R G 2007 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 49 373 Google Scholar
[107]	Ma W J, Kim I J, Yu J Q, Choi I W, Singh P K, Lee H W, Sung J H, Lee S K, Lin C, Liao Q, Zhu J G, Lu H Y, Liu B, Wang H Y, Xu R F, He X T, Chen J E, Zepf M, Schreiber J, Yan X Q, Nam C H 2019 Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 014803 Google Scholar
[108]	Scullion C, Doria D, Romagnani L, Sgattoni A, Naughton K, Symes D R, McKenna P, Macchi A, Zepf M, Kar S, Borghesi M 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 054801 Google Scholar
[109]	Bulanov S V, Dylov D V, Esirkepov T Z, Kamenets F F, Sokolov D V 2005 Plasma Phys. Rep. 31 369 Google Scholar
[110]	Park J, Bulanov S S, Bin J, Ji Q, Steinke S, Vay J L, Geddes C G R, Schroeder C B, Leemans W P, Schenkel T, Esarey E 2019 Phys. Plasmas 26 103108 Google Scholar
[111]	Liu B, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Bamberg K U, Ma W J, Liu J, He X T, Yan X Q, Ruhl H 2016 Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams 19 073401 Google Scholar
[112]	Liu B, Meyer-Ter-Vehn J, Ruhl H 2018 Phys. Plasmas 25 103117 Google Scholar
[113]	Shen X F, Qiao B, Zhang H, Xie Y, Kar S, Borghesi M, Zepf M, Zhou C T, Zhu S P, He X T 2019 Appl. Phys. Lett. 114 144102 Google Scholar
[114]	Pfotenhauer S M, Jäckel O, Polz J, Steinke S, Schlenvoigt H P, Heymann J, Robinson A P L, Kaluza M C 2010 New J. Phys. 12 103009 Google Scholar
[115]	Wang W P, Shen B F, Zhang H, Lu X M, Li J F, Zhai S H, Li S S, Wang X L, Xu R J, Wang C, Leng Y X, Liang X Y, Li R X, Xu Z Z 2018 Phys. Plasmas 25 063116 Google Scholar
[116]	Toncian T, Borghesi M, Fuchs J, d'Humieres E, Antici P, Audebert P, Brambrink E, Cecchetti C A, Pipahl A, Romagnani L, Willi O 2006 Science 312 410 Google Scholar
[117]	Wang H C, Weng S M, Murakami M, Sheng Z M, Chen M, Zhao Q, Zhang J 2017 Phys. Plasmas 24 093117 Google Scholar
[118]	He H, Qiao B, Shen X F, Yao W P, Yao Y L, Zhou C T, He X T, Zhu S P, Pei W B, Fu S Z 2019 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 61 115005 Google Scholar
[119]	Kar S, Ahmed H, Prasad R, Cerchez M, Brauckmann S, Aurand B, Cantono G, Hadjisolomou P, Lewis C L S, Macchi A, Nersisyan G, Robinson A P L, Schroer A M, Swantusch M, Zepf M, Willi O, Borghesi M 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 10792 Google Scholar
[120]	Kar S, Ahmed H, Nersisyan G, Brauckmann S, Hanton F, Giesecke A L, Naughton K, Willi O, Lewis C L S, Borghesi M 2016 Phys. Plasmas 23 055711 Google Scholar
[121]	Ahmed H, Kar S, Giesecke A L, Doria D, Nersisyan G, Willi O, Lewis C L S, Borghesi M 2017 High Power Laser Sci. Eng. 5 e4 Google Scholar
[122]	Ahmed H, Kar S, Cantono G, Hadjisolomou P, Poye A, Gwynne D, Lewis C L S, Macchi A, Naughton K, Nersisyan G, Tikhonchuk V, Willi O, Borghesi M 2017 Sci. Rep. 7 10891 Google Scholar
[123]	Bardon M, Moreau J G, Romagnani L, Rousseaux C, Ferri M, Lefèvre F, Lantuéjoul I, Etchessahar B, Bazzoli S, Farcage D, Maskrot H, Serres F, Chevrot M, Loyez E, Veuillot E, Cayzac W, Vauzour B, Boutoux G, Sary G, Compant La Fontaine A, Gremillet L, Poyé A, D'Humières E, Tikhonchuk V T 2020 Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 62 125019 Google Scholar
[124]	Danson C N, Haefner C, Bromage J, Butcher T, Chanteloup J C F, Chowdhury E A, Galvanauskas A, Gizzi L A, Hein J, Hillier D I, Hopps N W, Kato Y, Khazanov E A, Kodama R, Korn G, Li R, Li Y, Limpert J, Ma J, Nam C H, Neely D, Papadopoulos D, Penman R R, Qian L, Rocca J J, Shaykin A A, Siders C W, Spindloe C, Szatmári S, Trines R M G M, Zhu J, Zhu P, Zuegel J D 2019 High Power Laser Sci. Eng. 7 e54 Google Scholar
[125]	Margarone D, Cirrone G, Cuttone G, Amico A, Andò L, Borghesi M, Bulanov S, Bulanov S, Chatain D, Fajstavr A, Giuffrida L, Grepl F, Kar S, Krasa J, Kramer D, Larosa G, Leanza R, Levato T, Maggiore M, Manti L, Milluzzo G, Odlozilik B, Olsovcova V, Perin J-P, Pipek J, Psikal J, Petringa G, Ridky J, Romano F, Rus B, Russo A, Schillaci F, Scuderi V, Velyhan A, Versaci R, Wiste T, Zakova M, Korn G 2018 Quantum Beam Sci. 2 8 Google Scholar
[126]	Wu M, Zhu J, Li D, Yang T, Liao Q, Geng Y, Xu X, Li C, Shou Y, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Lu H, Ma W, Lin C, Zhu K, Yan X 2020 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 955 163249 Google Scholar

[1]	Zhang Pu-Du, Wang Wei-Quan, Li Zhe-Min, Zhang Zi-Xuan, Wang Ye-Chen, Zhou Hong-Yu, Yin Yan. Modeling of ion accelerated by borehole radiation pressure based on deep learning. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(18): 184103. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20230702
[2]	Zhu Xin-Zhe, Li Bo-Yuan, Liu Feng, Li Jian-Long, Bi Ze-Wu, Lu Lin, Yuan Xiao-Hui, Yan Wen-Chao, Chen Min, Chen Li-Ming, Sheng Zheng-Ming, Zhang Jie. Experimental study on capillary discharge for laser plasma wake acceleration. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(9): 095202. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20212435
[3]	Jiang Kang-Nan, Feng Ke, Ke Lin-Tong, Yu Chang-Hai, Zhang Zhi-Jun, Qin Zhi-Yong, Liu Jian-Sheng, Wang Wen-Tao, Li Ru-Xin. High-quality laser wakefield electron accelerator. Acta Physica Sinica, 2021, 70(8): 084103. doi: 10.7498/aps.70.20201993
[4]	Liu Ming-Wei, Gong Shun-Feng, Li Jin, Jiang Chun-Lei, Zhang Yu-Tao, Zhou Bing-Ju. Non-resonant direct laser acceleration in underdense plasma channels. Acta Physica Sinica, 2015, 64(14): 145201. doi: 10.7498/aps.64.145201
[5]	Li Yu-Tong, Liu Feng, Zhang Yi, Lin Xiao-Xuan, Wang Shou-Jun, Wang Zhao-Hua, Li Ying-Jun, Sheng Zheng-Ming, Xu Miao-Hua, Wei Zhi-Yi, Zhang Jie, Zheng Jun, Meng Li-Min. Enhancement of ion generation in low-contrast laser-foil interactions by defocusing. Acta Physica Sinica, 2011, 60(4): 045204. doi: 10.7498/aps.60.045204
[6]	He Min-Qing, Dong Quan-Li, Sheng Zheng-Ming, Weng Su-Ming, Chen Min, Wu Hui-Chun, Zhang Jie. Ion acceleration by shock wave induced by laser plasma interaction. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(1): 363-372. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.363
[7]	He Feng, Yu Wei, Xu Han, Lu Pei-Xiang. Acceleration of a pre-accelerated electron by an ultra-short and ultra-intense laser pulse in vacuum. Acta Physica Sinica, 2005, 54(9): 4203-4207. doi: 10.7498/aps.54.4203
[8]	Yang Hai-Liang, Qiu Ai-Ci, Zhang Jia-Sheng, He Xiao-Ping, Sun Jian-Feng, Peng Jian-Chang, Tang Jun-Ping, Ren Shu-Qing, Ouyang Xiao-Ping, Zhang Guo-Guang, Huang Jian-Jun, Yang Li, Wang Hai-Yang, Li Hong-Yu, Li Jing-Ya. Preliminary research results for generation and application of high power ion beams on FLASH II accelerator. Acta Physica Sinica, 2004, 53(2): 406-412. doi: 10.7498/aps.53.406
[9]	LAI GUO-JUN, JI PEI-YONG. PHOTON ACCELERATION BASED ON LASER-PLASMA. Acta Physica Sinica, 2000, 49(12): 2399-2403. doi: 10.7498/aps.49.2399
[10]	ZENG GUI-HUA, XU ZHI-ZHAN. A NEW TYPE ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1997, 46(12): 2384-2388. doi: 10.7498/aps.46.2384
[11]	CHANG WEN-WEI, ZHANG LI-FU, SHAO FU-QIU. LASER PLASMA WAVE ELECTRON ACCELERATORS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1991, 40(2): 182-189. doi: 10.7498/aps.40.182
[12]	ZHU SHI-TONG, SHEN WEN-DA, DENG XI-MING, WANG ZHI-JIANG. A GENERAL COVARIANT DERIVATION OF ELECTRON ENERGY GAIN IN A LASER ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1989, 38(4): 559-566. doi: 10.7498/aps.38.559
[13]	ZHU SHI-TONG. FREQUENCY MATCHING IN BEAT WAVE LASER ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1989, 38(7): 1167-1171. doi: 10.7498/aps.38.1167
[14]	MA JIN-XIU, XU ZHI-ZHAN. THE ELIMINATION OF PUMP DEPLETION IN LASER-PLASMA BEAT-WAVE ACCELERATORS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1988, 37(10): 1652-1657. doi: 10.7498/aps.37.1652
[15]	Yu Wei; Xu Zhi-zhan. PARAMETER CHOICE FOR A LASER BEAT-WAVE ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1987, 36(8): 992-997. doi: 10.7498/aps.36.992
[16]	ZHUANG JIE-JIA. AN INVERSE CHERENKOV FOCUSING LASER ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1984, 33(9): 1255-1260. doi: 10.7498/aps.33.1255
[17]	DONG BI-ZHEN, ZHEN SHI-HAI, YANG GUO-ZHEN. A SIMULATION EXPERIMENT OF PHASE ADJUSTMENT FOR A PHASE-ADJUSTED FOCUSING LASER ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1982, 31(7): 895-903. doi: 10.7498/aps.31.895
[18]	XIE XI. A SHORT-CUT METHOD FOR THE SOLUTION OF THE BETATRON OSCILLATION IN PARTICLE ACCELERATORS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1976, 25(5): 383-398. doi: 10.7498/aps.25.383
[19]	GIH KWANG-TA, CHOU HSI-TING, CHANG YUAN-CHENG, HO KUO-CHU. PERIODIC FOCUSING EFFECT IN DC ACCERLERATORS. Acta Physica Sinica, 1965, 21(4): 736-747. doi: 10.7498/aps.21.736
[20]	YEH MING-HAN, SUN LIANG-FANG, SHYU CHIEN-MING, CHIN CHIEN-CHUNG, YEH LONG-FEI, CHEN JYH-CHEN, CHEN CHIEN-POU, SHAH GUANG-CHANG, YU CHUEH-HSIEN, LI ZHENG-WU, CHAO CHUNG-YAO. A PROTON ELECTROSTATIC ACCELERATOR. Acta Physica Sinica, 1963, 19(1): 60-69. doi: 10.7498/aps.19.60

Catalog

Vol. 70, Issue 8 - 2021-04-20

Metrics

Abstract views: 14014
PDF Downloads: 743
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板