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Using multi-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has advantages of large-mode-area that can support high beam intensity and disperse heat. However, only when the beam profile in far-field and the focal point of in-phase super mode is Gaussian-shaped, the energy can be more concentrated as compared with other shapes. And this beam profile feature limits the applications of multi-core PCF.With the development of optics, there is a practical solution to improve the beam profile of multi-core PCF in which a Kagome fiber is used. This solution is to couple the in-phase super mode source (obtained from multi-core PCF) into Kagome fiber to achieve the beam combination of multi-core photonic crystal fiber, i. e. the beam profile remains to be Gaussian-shaped at any location in the optical field. The Kagome fibers have a novel hollow structure and thus will show some new properties, such as broad optical transmission bands with relatively low loss, no detectable surface modes, and high confinement of light at the core, and these features are suitable for beam combination.In this paper, a Ti: sapphire femtosecond pulsed fiber oscillator, with its center wavelength of 800 nm and output power of 550 mW, is used to pump a piece of seven-core nonlinear PCF, with an efficiency of 19%. EFL of the coupling lens is 18.40 mm and the NA is 0.15. Then the in-phase super mode source can be obtained from the 15 m multi-core PCF, with a broadband spectrum from 700 to 1050 nm. The beam profile of farfield and the focal point of in-phase super mode is Gaussian-shaped and there is a seven-core-shaped pattern at nearfield and other locations in the optical field. In order to combine the beams of multi-core fiber, the in-phase super mode source is coupled into a piece of Kagome fiber, 10 cm long, by using the coupling lens whose EFL is 13.86 mm. Its coupling efficiency is 71% and the output beam profile remains to be Gaussian-shaped at any locations in the optical field; this means that there is no seven-core-shaped pattern. It also transmits broadband spectrum with low loss. Moreover, this experiment also proves that the solution can be used for different multi-core PCFs and can have a higher coupling efficiency, 80%. Thus a reference can be given for high power applications of multi-core PCF, and inspiration may be given to some other frontier fields in fiber optics.
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[2] Fang X H, Wang Q Y, Liu J J, Liu B W, Li Y F, Chai L, Hu M L 2010 Chin. J. Lasers 06 1585 (in Chinese) [方晓惠, 王清月, 刘俊杰, 刘博文, 栗岩锋, 柴路, 胡明列 2010 中国激光 06 1585]
[3] Chen H W, Jin A J, Chen S P, Hou J, Lu Q S 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 084205
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[9] Zhan H W, Wei H F, Liu T, Zhou X F, Li J, Tong W J, Chen Z L, Chen S P, Hou J, Lu Q S 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 044205 (in Chinese) [谌鸿伟, 韦会峰, 刘通, 周旋风, 李江, 童维军, 陈子伦, 陈胜平, 侯静, 陆启生 2014 物理学报 63 044205]
[10] Fang X H 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Tianjin: Tianjin University) (in Chinese) [方晓惠 2010 博士学位论文 天津: 天津大学]
[11] Hu M L, Wang Q Y 2013 The 10th National Conference on Optoelectronic Technology Beijing, 2012, 6-12, 49-49 (in Chinese) [胡明列,王清月 2013 第10届全国光电技术学术交流会 北京, 2012, 6-12, 49-49]
[12] Huang L L, Fang X H, Cui Y L, Hu M L, Wang Q Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 014204 (in Chinese) [黄莉莉, 方晓惠, 崔元玲, 胡明列, 王清月 2014 物理学报 63 014204]
[13] Bo L, Zhou G Y, Xia C M, Liu H Z, Hou Z Y 2014 Opt. Eng. 53 688
[14] Zhou X F, Chen Z L, Zhou H, Hou J 2014 J. Lightwave Technol. 32 3970
[15] Couny F, Benabid F, Light P S 2006 Opt. Lett. 3l 3574
[16] Wang Y Y, Wheeler N V, Couny F, Roberts P J, Benabid F 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 669
[17] Shen H 2013 M. S. Dissertation (Tianjin: Nankai University) (in Chinese) [沈贺 2013 硕士学位论文 天津: 南开大学]
[18] Russell P St J, Hlzer P, Chang W, Abdolvand A, Travers J C 2014 Nature Photon. 8 278
[19] Jiang W X, Tan X L, Zhou J 2011 High Power Laser Part. Beams 23 2578 (in Chinese) [蒋文晓, 谭晓玲, 周骏 2011 强激光与粒子束 23 2578]
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[1] Wang Q Y, Hu M L, Chai L 2006 Chin. J. Lasers 33 57 (in Chinese) [王清月, 胡明列, 柴路 2006 中国激光 33 57]
[2] Fang X H, Wang Q Y, Liu J J, Liu B W, Li Y F, Chai L, Hu M L 2010 Chin. J. Lasers 06 1585 (in Chinese) [方晓惠, 王清月, 刘俊杰, 刘博文, 栗岩锋, 柴路, 胡明列 2010 中国激光 06 1585]
[3] Chen H W, Jin A J, Chen S P, Hou J, Lu Q S 2013 Chin. Phys. B 22 084205
[4] Song R, Hou J, Chen S P, Yang W Q, Lu Q S 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 094211
[5] Dudley J M, Genty G, Coen S 2006 Mod. Phys. Rev. 78 1135
[6] Liu W H, Song X Z, Wang Q S, Liu H J, Zhao W, Liu X M, Peng Q J, Xu Z Y 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 917 (in Chinese) [刘卫华, 宋啸中, 王屹山, 刘红军, 赵卫, 刘雪明, 彭钦军, 许祖彦 2008 物理学报 57 917]
[7] Wrage M, Glas P, Fischer D, Leitner M, Vysotsky D V, Napartovich A P 2000 Opt. Lett. 25 1436
[8] Fang X H, Hu M L, Huang L L, Chai L, Dai N L, Li J Y, Tashchilina A Y, Zheltikov A M, Wang C Y 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 2292
[9] Zhan H W, Wei H F, Liu T, Zhou X F, Li J, Tong W J, Chen Z L, Chen S P, Hou J, Lu Q S 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 044205 (in Chinese) [谌鸿伟, 韦会峰, 刘通, 周旋风, 李江, 童维军, 陈子伦, 陈胜平, 侯静, 陆启生 2014 物理学报 63 044205]
[10] Fang X H 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Tianjin: Tianjin University) (in Chinese) [方晓惠 2010 博士学位论文 天津: 天津大学]
[11] Hu M L, Wang Q Y 2013 The 10th National Conference on Optoelectronic Technology Beijing, 2012, 6-12, 49-49 (in Chinese) [胡明列,王清月 2013 第10届全国光电技术学术交流会 北京, 2012, 6-12, 49-49]
[12] Huang L L, Fang X H, Cui Y L, Hu M L, Wang Q Y 2014 Acta Phys. Sin. 63 014204 (in Chinese) [黄莉莉, 方晓惠, 崔元玲, 胡明列, 王清月 2014 物理学报 63 014204]
[13] Bo L, Zhou G Y, Xia C M, Liu H Z, Hou Z Y 2014 Opt. Eng. 53 688
[14] Zhou X F, Chen Z L, Zhou H, Hou J 2014 J. Lightwave Technol. 32 3970
[15] Couny F, Benabid F, Light P S 2006 Opt. Lett. 3l 3574
[16] Wang Y Y, Wheeler N V, Couny F, Roberts P J, Benabid F 2011 Opt. Lett. 36 669
[17] Shen H 2013 M. S. Dissertation (Tianjin: Nankai University) (in Chinese) [沈贺 2013 硕士学位论文 天津: 南开大学]
[18] Russell P St J, Hlzer P, Chang W, Abdolvand A, Travers J C 2014 Nature Photon. 8 278
[19] Jiang W X, Tan X L, Zhou J 2011 High Power Laser Part. Beams 23 2578 (in Chinese) [蒋文晓, 谭晓玲, 周骏 2011 强激光与粒子束 23 2578]
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