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摘要: 通过实验和理论分析,证明电导率对直流电场下电流变效应的产生及对其大小的决定作用.电流变机制不仅包括体极化和界面极化过程,而且包括离子的双电层极化过程.低频或直流电场下,显著电流变效应的体系要求σp>σf,且εp>εf.适当地增大σf,提高离子层的静电作用,有利于提高电流变液体的流变性能,但这种做法应以不引起电流过大、焦耳热过多、电功输入过大为前提
Abstract: It is proved experimentally and theoretically that the electrorheology effect (ER) dominantly depends on the electrical conductivity. The mechanism of electrorheology includes not only the body and the interface polarizations but also the ion polarization of double electric layers. Under direct and low-frequency alternate electric field, the ER fluid exhibiting out standing ER effect requires σp>σf and εp>εf. It is beneficial to improve rheological proper ties of ER fluids by increasing the σf and the static electric interaction of the ion layers. But it must work under a low electric current and low Joule heat and low electric power input.