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本文先构建由一束弱探测场和一束强控制场磁耦合到金刚石氮空位(NV)色心的能级之间, 从而形成V型三能级NV色心电磁诱导透明(EIT)模型, 随后研究探测场在体系的线性吸收和非线性传播特性. 结果表明, 一旦开启强控制场, 体系就会呈现出EIT窗口, 且透明窗口的宽度随着控制场磁感应强度的增加而变宽. 在非线性情况下, 探测场能形成稳定传播的孤子, 且可通过开启和关闭控制场的磁场实现孤子的存储和读取, 可以有效地克服冷原子介质和量子点介质孤子存取的缺陷. 值得一提的是, 体系所存取孤子的振幅还可以通过控制场的磁感应强度来进行调节.
Compared with light, the solitons, which are from the balance between dispersion and nonlinearity of the system, possess high stability and fidelity as the information carries in quantum information processing and transmission, and have gained considerable attention in ultra-cold atomic electromagnetically induced transparent (EIT) media. To date, the EIT models on the three-level ultra-cold atoms realized experimentally, are ladder-, $\Lambda $ -, and V-type mode. Current studies show that the solitons cannot be stored in V-type three-level ultra-cold atomic EIT media but they can be stored in ladder- and$\Lambda $ -type three-level ultra-cold atomic EIT media. It is mainly because the atoms of the V-type system initially are in a excited state, while the atoms of the ladder- and$\Lambda $ -type systems initially are in the ground state. For the practical applications, it is a large challenge to control accurately the solitons stored in the ultra-cold atomic EIT media due to their ultralow temperature and rarefaction. Fortunately, with the maturity of semiconductor quantum technology, quantum dots have extensively application prospect in quantum information processing and transmission. However, the solitons cannot be stored in V-type three level InAs/GaAs quantum dot EIT media either, while it can be stored in ladder-type system and$\Lambda $ -type system.Therefore, herein we propose a V-type three-level nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center EIT model in which a weakprobe field and a strong control field are coupled to different energy levels of NV center in diamond. Subsequently, the linear and nonlinear properties of system are studied by using semiclassical theory combined with multi-scale method. It is shown that when control field is turned on, the linear absorption curve of the system presents an EIT window. And the width of the EIT window increases with the strength of magnetic induction of the control field increasing. In the nonlinear case, the solitons formed can stably propagate over a long distance. Interestingly, the solitons can be stored and retrieved by switching off and on the magnetic field of control field. Moreover, the amplitude of the stored solitons can be modulated by the magnetic induction strength of control field. This result indicates that solitons as information carriers in quantum information processing and transmission of NV center can greatly improve the fidelity of information processing. -
Keywords:
- nitrogen vacancy in diamond /
- storage and retrieval of solitons /
- electromagnetically induced transparency
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图 2 在不同控制场磁感应强度${B_{\text{c}}}$下, 线性吸收特性${K_{{\text{0 i}}}}$随失谐量${\Delta _{\text{p}}}$的变化情况. 图中参数为${\varGamma _{31}} = 0.35{\text{ MHz}}$, ${\varGamma _{21}} = 0.11{\text{ MHz}}$, $ {\gamma _{21}} = {\gamma _{31}} = 44{\text{ MHz}} $, ${\gamma _{32}} = 0.5{\text{ MHz}}$, ${\Delta _{\text{c}}} = 1{\text{ MHz}}$, $ {k_{13}} = 2.3 \times {10^{10}}{\text{ cm}} \cdot {{\text{s}}^{ - 1}} $
Fig. 2. Linear absorption coefficient ${K_{{\text{0 i}}}}$ as a function of the detuning ${\Delta _{\text{p}}}$ with different magnetic induction strength ${B_{\text{c}}}$ of the control field. Parameters used are ${\varGamma _{31}} = 0.35{\text{ MHz}}$, ${\varGamma _{21}} = 0.11{\text{ MHz}}$, $ {\gamma _{21}} = {\gamma _{31}} = 44{\text{ MHz}} $, ${\gamma _{32}} = 0.5{\text{ MHz}}$, ${\Delta _{\text{c}}} = 1{\text{ MHz}}$, $ {k_{13}} = 2.3 \times {10^{10}}{\text{ cm}} \cdot {{\text{s}}^{ - 1}} $.
图 3 孤子的传播稳定性分析. 参数为$|{\Delta _{\text{p}}}{\tau _0}| = 42.5$, $|{\Delta _{\text{p}}}{\tau _0}| = 41.1$, $|{\varOmega _{\text{c}}}{\tau _0}| = 45$, ${\tau _0} = 7 \times {10^{ - 8}}{\text{s}}$, 其余参数与图2一致
Fig. 3. Analysis of the propagation stability of solitons. Parameters used are $|{\Delta _{\text{p}}}{\tau _0}| = 42.5$, $|{\Delta _{\text{p}}}{\tau _0}| = 41.1$, $|{\varOmega _{\text{c}}}{\tau _0}| = $$ 45$, ${\tau _0} = 7 \times {10^{ - 8}}{\text{s}}$, other parameters used are the same as in Fig. 2.
图 4 探测场的存储与读取 (a) 弱探测脉冲的存储与读取; (b) 孤子的存储与读取; (c)强探测脉冲的存储与读取. 图中使用的参数${T_{\text{s}}}/{\tau _0} = 0.2$, ${T_{{\text{on}}}}/{\tau _0} = 5$, ${T_{{\text{off}}}}/{\tau _0} = 10$, 其他参数与图3相同
Fig. 4. Storage and retrieval of probe field: (a) Storage and retrieval of a weak probe pulse; (b) storage and retrieval of a soliton pulse; (c) storage and retrieval of a strong probe pulse. Parameters used are ${T_{\text{s}}}/{\tau _0} = 0.2$, ${T_{{\text{on}}}}/{\tau _0} = 5$, ${T_{{\text{off}}}}/{\tau _0} = 10$, other parameters used are the same as in Fig. 3.
图 5 ${\Delta _{\text{p}}} = 600$ MHz时, 存取孤子的振幅随控制场磁感应强度${B_{\text{c}}}$的变化. 其余参数与图2一致
Fig. 5. Amplitude of the storgae and retrieval of soliton as a function of control fields magnetic induction strength ${B_{\text{c}}}$ at ${\Delta _{\text{p}}} = 600$MHz. Other parameters used are the same as in Fig. 2.
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