Responses of the land-surface process and its parameters over the natural vegetation underlying surface of the middle of Gansu in loess plateau to precipitation fluctuation

Zhang Qiang; Li Hong-Yu; Zhang Li-Yang; Yue Ping; Shi Jin-Sen

doi:10.7498/aps.62.019201

Abstract

The Loess Plateau is well known as a specific region sensitive to global climate change, and thus its land-surface process is significantly influenced by climatic fluctuation. Up to now, the land-surface physical process over the Loess Plateau has been basically understood under a specific climatic condition, but the dynamic variation regularity of land-surface process in different climatic states is still lacking in its knowledge. Utilizing the continuous five-year data collected at the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL) supported by the program 'the Loess Plateau Land-surface Process Experiment (LOPEX)', in this paper, we systematically analyze the regularity of responses of factors including land-surface water and energy budget as well as surface albedo and roughness to climatic fluctuation over the natural vegetation surface of Loess Plateau. The results show that the land-surface process and its relevant parameters are very sensitive to the fluctuations of annual precipitation. Besides, they respond markedly to annual rainfall amount and are also closely related to the nature of rainfall. Soil moisture fluctuales not fully with total amount of rainfall but rises with the increase of effective precipitation with which land-surface water and energy budget also vary. In addition, the vertical sensible heat advection goes up with rainfall increasing, while the trend of surface energy imbalance is opposite. The averaged albedo in summer half-year comes down with the increase of the ratio of effective precipitation to the climatic average, but yearly averaged albedo is evidently affected by the snow-accumulating winter time and rises with the increase of snow-accumulating hours. Soil thermal conductivity and surface roughness both increase with annual effective precipitation increasing to the climatic average, but they are more sensitive to the precipitation fluctuation under a low precipitation condition than under the normal precipitation condition. However, land-surface process parameters over the natural vegetable surface of Loess Plateau basically fluctuate between those of deserts and farmland, and have not yet broken the climatic restrictions. Fitting relationship is used to quantitatively reflect the regularity of response of the parameters to rainfall fluctuations so as to evidently eliminate possible bias brought to numerical models and microclimatic analysis by the previous fixed and un-dynamic changeable land-surface parameters.

Keywords:

precipitation fluctuation /
the Loess Plateau in the middle of Gansu /
land-surface process /
climate response

Authors and contacts

1.
Institute of Arid Meteorology, CMA, Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province; Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of CMA, Lanzhou 730020, China;
2.
Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Lanzhou 730020, China;
3.
College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
Funds: Project supported by the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40830957, 41075008, 41075009), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2013CB430206), and the Public Welfare Research Project of China (Grant No. GYHY200806021).

References

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[18]	Zeng J, Shen J, Zhang Q 2010 Sci. Cold and Arid Regions 2 0288
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[28]	Wang S, Zhang Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 059203 (in Chinese) [王胜, 张强 2011 物理学报 60 059203]
[29]	Li H Y, Zhang Q, Zhao J H 2010 Plateau Meteor. 29 1153 (in Chinese) [李宏宇, 张强, 赵建华 2010 高原气象 29 1153]
[30]	Li H Y, Zhang Q, Wang C L, Yang F L, Zhao J H 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 159201 (in Chinese) [李宏宇, 张强, 王春玲, 阳伏林, 赵建华 2012 物理学报 61 159201]
[31]	Zeng J, Zhang Q, Wang S 2011 Chinese J. Atmos. Sci. 35 483 (in Chinese) [曾剑, 张强, 王胜 2011 大气科学 35 483]
[32]	Sun Z X, Zhang Q 2010 Plateau Meteor. 29 1423 (in Chinese) [孙昭萱, 张强 2010 高原气象 29 1423]
[33]	Zhang Q, Wei G A, Cao X Y, Huang R H 2002 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 19 121
[34]	Stull R B 1988 An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic) p666
[35]	Oke T R 1978 Boundary Layer Climate (New York: London Methuen and COLTD) p31
[36]	Stull R B 2005 Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers (3rd Ed.) (Calif: Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning, Pacific Grove) p580

Cited By

[1]	Zhang Q, Huang R H, Wang S 2011 Arid Meteor. 29 133 (in Chinese) [张强, 黄荣辉, 王胜 2011干旱气象 29 133]
[2]	Huang R H 2006 Adv. Earth Sci. 21 564 (in Chinese) [黄荣辉 2006 地球科学进展 21 564]
[3]	Zhang Q, Hu Y Q 2000 J. Desert Res. 20 357 (in Chinese) [张强, 胡隐樵 2000中国沙漠 20 357]
[4]	Zhao S C 2002 Adv. Earth Sci. 17 628 (in Chinese) [赵生才 2002 地球科学进展 17 628]
[5]	Liu C Z 2004 Adv. Earth Sci. 19 115 (in Chinese) [刘春蓁2004地球科学进展 19 115]
[6]	Li B, Zhang J T 2003 Acta Ecol. Sin. 23 82 (in Chinese) [李斌, 张金屯 2003 生态学报 23 82]
[7]	Gao Z, Chae N, Kim J, Hong J, Choi T, Lee H 2004 J. Geophys. Res. 109 D06102
[8]	Ma Y M, Kang S, Zhu L, Xu B, Tian L, Yao T 2008 Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 89 1487
[9]	Zhang Q, Deng Z Y 2008 Acta Ecol. Sin. 28 1210 (in Chinese) [张强, 邓振镛 2008 生态学报 28 1210]
[10]	Sun B Q, Zhang Q, Dong A X, Chen S Y 2005 Adv. Earth Sci. 20 1041 (in Chinese) [孙秉强, 张强, 董安祥, 陈少勇 2005 地球科学进展 20 1041]
[11]	Lin S, Wang Y R 2007 J. Desert Res. 27 502 (in Chinese) [林纾, 王毅荣 2007 中国沙漠 27 502]
[12]	Zhang Q, Wang S, Zhang J, Wang R Y, Liu H Y, Li Y Y 2009 Adv. Earth Sci. 24 1185 (in Chinese) [张强, 王胜, 张杰, 王润元, 刘宏谊, 李岩瑛 2009 地球科学进展 24 1185]
[13]	Zhang Q, Zeng J, Zhang L Y 2012 Sci. China D 55 1872
[14]	Kimura R, Fan J, Zhang X C 2006 China Acta Oecologica 29 45
[15]	Yang X G, Zhang Q, Wang R Y, Ma P L, Yang Q G, Liu H Y 2004 Plateau Meteor. 28 238 (in Chinese) [杨兴国, 张强, 王润元, 马鹏里, 杨启国, 刘宏宜 2004 高原气象 28 238]
[16]	Liu Y Y, Wen J, Wei Z G 2007 Plateau Meteor. 26 928 (in Chinese) [刘远永, 文军, 韦志刚 2007 高原气象 26 928]
[17]	Zhang Q, Sun Z X, Wang S 2011 Chinese J. Geophys. 54 1727 (in Chinese) [张强, 孙昭萱, 王胜 2011 地球物理学报 54 1727]
[18]	Zeng J, Shen J, Zhang Q 2010 Sci. Cold and Arid Regions 2 0288
[19]	Huang J P, Zhang W, Zuo J Q, Bi J R 2008 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 25 906
[20]	Zuo J Q, Huang J P, Wang J M 2009 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 26 679
[21]	Zhang Q, Hu X J, Wang S, Liu H Y 2009 Adv. Earth Sci. 24 363 (in Chinese) [张强, 胡向军, 王胜, 刘宏谊 2009 地球科学进展 24 363]
[22]	Zhang Q, Li H Y, Zhao J H 2012 Sci. China D 55 580 doi:10.1007/ s11430-011-4220-3
[23]	Zhang Q, Li H Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 716 (in Chinese) [张强, 李宏宇 2010 物理学报 59 716]
[24]	Li H Y, Zhang Q, Wang S 2010 Adv. Earth Sci. 25 1070 (in Chinese) [李宏宇, 张强, 王胜 2010 地球科学进展 25 1070]
[25]	Zhang Q, Huang R H 2004 J. Appl. Meteor. 43 1917
[26]	Chen J Y, Wang J M, Tian G N 1993 Chin. J. Atmos. Sci. 17 21 (in Chinese) [陈家宜, 王介民, 田广宁 1993 大气科学 17 21]
[27]	Zhang Q, Wang S, Wen X M, Nan Y H, Zeng J 2012 Acta Meteor. Sin. 70 128 (in Chinese) [张强, 王胜, 问晓梅, 南玉合, 曾剑 2012 气象学报 70 128]
[28]	Wang S, Zhang Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 059203 (in Chinese) [王胜, 张强 2011 物理学报 60 059203]
[29]	Li H Y, Zhang Q, Zhao J H 2010 Plateau Meteor. 29 1153 (in Chinese) [李宏宇, 张强, 赵建华 2010 高原气象 29 1153]
[30]	Li H Y, Zhang Q, Wang C L, Yang F L, Zhao J H 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 159201 (in Chinese) [李宏宇, 张强, 王春玲, 阳伏林, 赵建华 2012 物理学报 61 159201]
[31]	Zeng J, Zhang Q, Wang S 2011 Chinese J. Atmos. Sci. 35 483 (in Chinese) [曾剑, 张强, 王胜 2011 大气科学 35 483]
[32]	Sun Z X, Zhang Q 2010 Plateau Meteor. 29 1423 (in Chinese) [孙昭萱, 张强 2010 高原气象 29 1423]
[33]	Zhang Q, Wei G A, Cao X Y, Huang R H 2002 Adv. Atmos. Sci. 19 121
[34]	Stull R B 1988 An Introduction to Boundary Layer Meteorology (Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic) p666
[35]	Oke T R 1978 Boundary Layer Climate (New York: London Methuen and COLTD) p31
[36]	Stull R B 2005 Meteorology for Scientists and Engineers (3rd Ed.) (Calif: Brooks/Cole Thomson Learning, Pacific Grove) p580

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Vol. 62, Issue 1 - 2013-01-05

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