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碘稳频532 nm Nd:YAG激光器在复现长度单位“米（ｍ）”、绝对重力测量、引力波探测、精密光谱学、长度计量等领域有着重要应用，对其进行频率测量和标定对于激光器的性能评价具有重要意义。本文采用自行研制的掺Er光纤光学频率梳作为光源，对其扩谱后的1 μm波段进行光谱增强并结合倍频晶体将光学频率梳输出的1.5μm波段光脉冲扩展到532 nm波段。其中掺Er光纤光学频率梳输出功率20 mW，首先经过掺Er光纤放大器将功率提到370 mW，经过脉冲压缩后脉冲宽度为45.7 fs，此后经过高非线性光纤扩谱实现光谱覆盖至1 μm，输出功率为180 mW。扩谱后的1μm波段激光经过掺Yb光纤放大器放大至601 mW，经过压缩后脉冲宽度为84.6 fs，压缩后功率为420 mW。采用MgO: PPLN晶体对压缩后激光进行倍频得到155 mW的532 nm激光，倍频效率为36%。利用该系统分别对碘稳频532 nm Nd:YAG激光器输出的基频光1064 nm和倍频光532 nm进行拍频获得了优于40 dB信噪比的拍频信号，后续进行了超过10小时的连续测量，测量结果与国际推荐值保持一致。The iodine-stabilized 532 nm Nd:YAG laser plays an important role in the realization of the unit of length "meter (m)", absolute gravimeter, gravitational waves detaction, precision spectroscopy, distance metrology, and so on. Absolute frequency measurement and calibration of the laser are of great significance for the performance evaluation of the laser. The previous method of extending the erbium-doped fiber optical frequency comb (Er-FOFC) to the wavelength of 532nm was to first amplify the seed light, then frequency-doubled with a periodic polarization lithium niobate crystal, and finally couple it into a photonic crystal fiber to expand the spectrum to the 532nm band. With such technique, the a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the beat signal between the iodine-stabilized 532 nm Nd:YAG laser and the Er-FOFC is approximately 30 dB. Moreover, the SNR of the beat signal was unstable, resulting in the errors in frequency measurement with a counter. This is not conducive to the long-term frequency measurement of the iodine-stabilized 532 nm Nd:YAG laser. Therefore, a method that can obtain both high SNR and long-term stable beat signals is required. In this paper, an Er-FOFC was developed. The spectral enhancement of its broadened at 1 μm was carried out, and then expanded to the wavelength at 532 nm with a frequency-doubling crystal. The output power of the Er-FOFC was 20 mW, which was first amplified to 370 mW by an Er-fiber amplifier and then compressed to a pulse width of 45.7 fs. Subsequently, the spectrum was extended to cover the wavelength at 1 μm with a highly nonlinear fiber, resulting in an output power of 180 mW. The broadened spectrum at 1 μm was amplified to 601 mW by a Yb-fiber amplifier, and the compressed power increasing to 420 mW. Using an MgO: PPLN crystal, the compressed laser was frequency-doubled to produce a 532 nm laser output with 155 mW power and a doubling efficiency of 36%. Utilizing this system, the absolute frequency measurements were conducted on the fundamental frequency light at 1064 nm and the doubled frequency light at 532 nm from the iodine-stabilized 532 nm Nd:YAG laser, yielding a beat signal with a SNR of greater than 40 dB. This SNR represents a 13 dB improvement compared with the results obtained when an amplified seed light is frequency-doubled using PPLN and then coupled into a PCF for direct spectral broadening to cover the 532 nm band. Over several days of continuous monitoring, there was no observed risk of SNR degradation. Moreover, subsequent frequency measurements were carried out continuously for over several hours, with the results maintaining consistency with recommended values.
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