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通过数值计算及粒子模拟程序, 分析了强流电子束阻抗、电压及电流特性对相对论速调管放大器(relativistic klystron amplifier, RKA)中束流调制、群聚特性的影响, 其中粒子模拟程序中采用 束发射方式以精确控制电子束的阻抗.结果表明, 低阻抗电子束有利于减小群聚距离, 缩短RKA器件的整体长度, 不利于注入微波对电子束的调制, 而高阻抗电子束情况正好相反.在电子束阻抗不变时, 增加电子束加速电压类似于增大电子束阻抗的情况.另外, 用粒子模拟方法确定了不同阻抗电子束对特定输入腔的电子负载电导, 从而可以得到不同阻抗的强流电子束对种子源 功率水平的需求以及对输入腔外观品质因数的要求.With numerical calculation and particle simulation program, the influences of the intense electron beam impedance, voltage and current characteristics on the beam modulation and bunching characteristics in relativistic klystron amplifier (RKA) are analyzed. Within the particle-in-cell simulation program, the beam emission method is used to accurately control the impedance of the electron beam. The results show that the electron beam of low-impedance can reduce the bunching distance and shorten the overall length of the RKA devices but degrade the injected modulation of the electron beam. Electron beam of high impedance is just opposite. When the electron beam impedance is constant, the increase of the electron beam accelerating voltage is similar to the increase of the impedance of the electron beam. In addition, with the particle simulation method, the beam loaded conductance of a specific input cavity loaded by a different impedance of the electron beam is determined, thereby meeting the demand of the power level of the seed, and the requirements for the externally loaded quality factor of the input cavity.
[1] Ding Y G 2010 Design, Manufacture and Application of High Power Klystron (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) pp8-17 (in Chinese) [丁耀根 2010 大功率速调管的设计制造和应用(北京: 国防工业出版社) 第8–17页]
[2] Huang H, Fan Z K, Tan J, Ma Q S, Gan Y Q, Chang A B 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 1129 (in Chinese) [黄华, 范植开, 谭杰, 马乔生, 甘延青, 常安碧 2004 物理学报 53 1129]
[3] Huang H, Meng F B, Fan Z K, Li Z H 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5344 (in Chinese) [黄华, 孟凡宝, 范植开, 李正红2006 物理学报 55 5344]
[4] Bai X C, Yang J H, Zhang J D 2012 Phys. Plasma 19 083106
[5] Liu J, Shu T, Li Z Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2622 ( in Chinese) [刘静, 舒挺, 李志强 2010 物理学报 59 2622]
[6] Liu J, Shu T, Li Z Q 2010 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 22 1 (in Chinese) [刘静, 舒挺, 李志强 2010 强激光与粒子束 22 1]
[7] Benford J, Swegle J A, Schamiloglu E (translated by Jiang W H, Zhang C) 2009 High Power Microwaves (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p315 (in Chinese) [Benford J, Swegle J A, Schamiloglu E著 (江伟华, 张驰译) 2009高功率微波(第二版) (北京:国防工业出版社) 第315页]
[8] Wu Y, Xu Z, Xu Y, Jin X, Chang A B, Li Z H, Huang H, Liu Z, Luo X, Ma Q S, Tang C X 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 044102 (in Chinese) [吴洋, 许州, 徐勇, 金晓, 常安碧, 李正红, 黄华, 刘忠, 罗雄, 马乔生, 唐传祥 2011 物理学报 60 044102]
[9] Miller R B (translated by Liu X S, Zhang L Z, Wu Y B, Lu J P, Zhou P Z) 1990 Introduction to the Physics of Intense Charged Particle Beam (Beijing: Atom Energy Press) p92 (in Chinese) [米勒R B著 (刘锡山, 张兰芝, 吴衍斌, 鲁敬平, 周丕璋译) 1990 强流带电粒子束物理学导论 (北京: 原子能出版社) 第92页]
[10] Friedman M, Krall J, Lau Y Y, Serlin V 1988 J. Appl. Phys. 64 7
[11] Briggs R J 1976 Phys. Fluids 19 1257
[12] Lau Y Y 1987 J. Appl. Phys. 62 351
[13] Qi Z M, Zhang J, Zhong H H, Zhang Z H, Bai X C, Zhang D, Bai Z 2012 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 41
[14] Xie J L, Zhao Y X 1966 Bunching Theory of Klystron (Beijing: Science Press) p77 (in Chinese) [ 谢家麟, 赵永翔 1966 速调管群聚理论 (北京:科学出版社) 第77页]
[15] Zhang Z T 1982 Measurement of High Frequency System in Microwave Tubes (1st Ed.) (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p18 (in Chinese) [张兆镗 1982 微波管高频系统的测量 (第一版) (北京: 国防工业出版社) 第18页]
[16] Ding Y G 2008 Theory and Computer Simulation of High Power Klystron (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p75 (in Chinese) [丁耀根 2008 大功率速调管的理论与计算模拟(北京:国防工业出版社)第75页]
[17] Carlsten B E, Faehl R J, Fazio M V, Haynes W B, Ryne R D, Stringfield R M 1994 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 22 730
[18] Liu Z B, Huang H, Jin X, Chen H B 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 128402 (in Chinese) [刘振帮, 黄华, 金晓, 陈怀壁 2012 物理学报 60 128402]
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[1] Ding Y G 2010 Design, Manufacture and Application of High Power Klystron (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) pp8-17 (in Chinese) [丁耀根 2010 大功率速调管的设计制造和应用(北京: 国防工业出版社) 第8–17页]
[2] Huang H, Fan Z K, Tan J, Ma Q S, Gan Y Q, Chang A B 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 1129 (in Chinese) [黄华, 范植开, 谭杰, 马乔生, 甘延青, 常安碧 2004 物理学报 53 1129]
[3] Huang H, Meng F B, Fan Z K, Li Z H 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5344 (in Chinese) [黄华, 孟凡宝, 范植开, 李正红2006 物理学报 55 5344]
[4] Bai X C, Yang J H, Zhang J D 2012 Phys. Plasma 19 083106
[5] Liu J, Shu T, Li Z Q 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 2622 ( in Chinese) [刘静, 舒挺, 李志强 2010 物理学报 59 2622]
[6] Liu J, Shu T, Li Z Q 2010 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 22 1 (in Chinese) [刘静, 舒挺, 李志强 2010 强激光与粒子束 22 1]
[7] Benford J, Swegle J A, Schamiloglu E (translated by Jiang W H, Zhang C) 2009 High Power Microwaves (2nd Ed.) (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p315 (in Chinese) [Benford J, Swegle J A, Schamiloglu E著 (江伟华, 张驰译) 2009高功率微波(第二版) (北京:国防工业出版社) 第315页]
[8] Wu Y, Xu Z, Xu Y, Jin X, Chang A B, Li Z H, Huang H, Liu Z, Luo X, Ma Q S, Tang C X 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 044102 (in Chinese) [吴洋, 许州, 徐勇, 金晓, 常安碧, 李正红, 黄华, 刘忠, 罗雄, 马乔生, 唐传祥 2011 物理学报 60 044102]
[9] Miller R B (translated by Liu X S, Zhang L Z, Wu Y B, Lu J P, Zhou P Z) 1990 Introduction to the Physics of Intense Charged Particle Beam (Beijing: Atom Energy Press) p92 (in Chinese) [米勒R B著 (刘锡山, 张兰芝, 吴衍斌, 鲁敬平, 周丕璋译) 1990 强流带电粒子束物理学导论 (北京: 原子能出版社) 第92页]
[10] Friedman M, Krall J, Lau Y Y, Serlin V 1988 J. Appl. Phys. 64 7
[11] Briggs R J 1976 Phys. Fluids 19 1257
[12] Lau Y Y 1987 J. Appl. Phys. 62 351
[13] Qi Z M, Zhang J, Zhong H H, Zhang Z H, Bai X C, Zhang D, Bai Z 2012 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 40 41
[14] Xie J L, Zhao Y X 1966 Bunching Theory of Klystron (Beijing: Science Press) p77 (in Chinese) [ 谢家麟, 赵永翔 1966 速调管群聚理论 (北京:科学出版社) 第77页]
[15] Zhang Z T 1982 Measurement of High Frequency System in Microwave Tubes (1st Ed.) (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p18 (in Chinese) [张兆镗 1982 微波管高频系统的测量 (第一版) (北京: 国防工业出版社) 第18页]
[16] Ding Y G 2008 Theory and Computer Simulation of High Power Klystron (Beijing: National Defense Industry Press) p75 (in Chinese) [丁耀根 2008 大功率速调管的理论与计算模拟(北京:国防工业出版社)第75页]
[17] Carlsten B E, Faehl R J, Fazio M V, Haynes W B, Ryne R D, Stringfield R M 1994 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 22 730
[18] Liu Z B, Huang H, Jin X, Chen H B 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 128402 (in Chinese) [刘振帮, 黄华, 金晓, 陈怀壁 2012 物理学报 60 128402]
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