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本文利用三维格点空间相对论密度泛函理论,在轴对称破缺,反射对称破缺和V4对称性破缺时,计算了锕系原子核的势能曲线,探索了所有四极和八极形变自由度对裂变内垒,外垒和同核异能态的影响.我们的计算结果表明:反射对称性破缺能显著地降低外垒的高度,轴对称性破缺能同时降低内垒和外垒的高度,V4对称性破缺对内垒和外垒几乎没有影响,同核异能态几乎不受对称性破缺的影响.基于相对论密度泛函PC-PK1和单极对相互作用的计算结果很好地再现了实验上提取的裂变内垒和外垒高度的经验值,对同核异能态的能量经验值有轻微低估.本文数据集可在https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00213.00229中访问获取.(审稿阶段请通过私有访问链接查看本文数据集https://www.scidb.cn/anonymous/UVp6VUp2)Nuclear fission is a decay process by which a heavy nucleus splits into two or more lighter nuclei. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis of superheavy elements, the rapid neutron-capture process, nuclear energy application and so on. The fission barrier is an important property of heavy nuclei, because its height and width directly relate with the lifetime of heavy nuclei, and affect charge yield, mass yield, and kinetic energy of fission fragments. In our study, the potential energy curves of actinide nuclei are obtained from the relativistic density functional theory in 3D lattice when the axial symmetry, reflection symmetry and V4 symmetry are broken in turn. The effects of all the quadrupole and octupole deformation degrees of freedom on the inner barrier, outer barrier, and the fission isomeric state are investigated. It is found that breaking the reflection symmetry can lower the outer fission barriers significantly, breaking the axial symmetry can lower both the inner and outer barriers, breaking the V4 symmetry has little effect on the inner and outer barriers, and the fission isomeric state is almost unaffected by symmetry breaking. Based on the relativistic density functional PC-PK1 and monopole pairing interaction, our results well reproduce the empirical values of the inner and outer barriers extracted from experiments, and the energies of the fission isomeric states are slightly underestimated. All the data presented in this paper is openly available at https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00213.00229.(Please use the private access link https://www.scidb.cn/anonymous/UVp6VUp2 access the dataset during the peer review process)
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