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The K X-rays emitted from the incident slow highly charged Ar17+ ions are investigated in the interaction with various metal target such as Be, Al, Ni, Mo and Au. The Kβ/Kα ratios and the mean energies of the emitted X-rays are extracted and analyzed from our previous experimental results . It is found that the ratios and the energies are almost independent of the ion velocity and the target element. Meanwhile, a model based on the conductive-electron capture and the cascading de-excitation model is proposed to interpret the experiment. Excellent agreement is found between the theoretical results and the experimental data.
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Keywords:
- highly charged ion /
- X-ray /
- cascading de-excitation /
- Kβ/Kα ratio
[1] Schenkel T, Barnes A V, Niedermayr T R, Hattass M, Newman M W, Machicoane G A, McDonald J W, Hamza A W, Schneider D H 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 4273
[2] Hattass M, Schenkel T, Barnes A V, Barnes A V, Newman M W, McDonald J W, Niedermayr T R, Machicoane G A, Schneider D H 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 4795
[3] Stolterfoht N, Niemann D, Hoffmann V, Rsler M, Baragiola R A 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 052902-1
[4] Xiao G, Schiwietz G, Grand P L, Stolterfoht N, Schmoldt A, Grether M, Khrbrück R, Spieler A, Stettner U 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 1821
[5] Schenkel T, Briere M A, Schmidt-Bcking H, Bethge K, Schneider D 1997 Phys.Rev.Lett. 78 2481
[6] Karim K R, Grabe S R, Bhalla C P 1996 J. Phys. B 29 4007
[7] Briand J P, dEtat-Ban B, Schneider D, Briere M A, Decaux V, McDonald J W 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 2194
[8] Winecki S, Stckli M P, Cocke C L 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 538
[9] Briere M A, Schenkel T, Schneider D H, Bauer P, Arnau A 1997 Phys.Scr. T 73 324
[10] Huang W, Lebius H, Schuch R, Grether M, Stolterfoht N 1998 Phys.Rev. A 58 2962
[11] Winecki S, Cocke C L, Fry D, Stckli M P 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 4228
[12] Huang W, Lebius H, Schuch R, Grether M, Stolterfoht N 1997 Phys.Rev. A 56 3777
[13] Schenkel T, Briere M A, Barnes A V, Hamza A V, Bethge K, Schmidt-Bcking H, Schneider D 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 2030
[14] Winecki S, Stckli M P, Cocke C L 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 4310
[15] Juaristi J I, Arnau A, Echenique P M, Winter H 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 1048
[16] Eder H, Vana M, Aumayr F. Winter H P 1997 Rev. Sci. Inst. 68 165
[17] Lemell C, Stckl J, Burgdrfer J, Betz G, Winter H P, Aumayr F 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 1965
[18] Aumayr F, Kurz H, Schneider D, Briere M A, McDonald J W, Cunningham C E, Winter H P 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1943
[19] Ibach H(Ed.) 1977 Electron Spectroscopy for Surface Analysis(Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany)
[20] Das J, Morgerstern R 1993 Phys. Rev. A 47 755
[21] Zhao Y T, Xiao G Q, Xu Z F, Qayyum Abdul, Wang Y Y, Zhang X A, Li F L, Zhan W L 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5734 (in Chinese)[赵永涛、肖国青、徐忠锋、Qayyum Abdul、王瑜玉、张小安、李福利、詹文龙 2007 物理学报 56 5734]
[22] Briand J P, Schneider D, Bardin S, Khemliche H, Jin J, Xie Z, Prior M 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 3947
[23] Schulz M, Coke C L, Hagmann S, Stckli M, Schmidt-Bcking H 1991 Phys. Rev. A 44 1653
[24] Clark M W, Schneider D, Dewitt D, McDonald J W, Bruch R, Safronova U I, Tolstikhina I Yu, Schuch R 1993 Phys.Rev.A 47 3983
[25] Schenkel T, Hamza A V, Barnes A V, Schneider D H 1999 Pro. Sur.Sci. 61 23
[26] Machicoane G A, Schenkel T, Niedermayr T R, Newmann M W, Hamza A V, Barnes A v, McDonald J W, Tanis J A, Schneider D H 2002 Phys.Rev. A 65 042903-1
[27] Schuch R, Schneider D, Knapp D A, DeWitt D, McDonald J, Chen M H, Clark M W, Marrs R E 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1073
[28] Yang Z H, Song Z Y, Chen X M, Zhang X A, Zhang Y P, Zhao Y T, cui Y, Zhang H Q, Xu X, Shao J X, Yu D Y, Cai X H 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 2221(in Chinese)[杨治虎、宋张勇、陈熙萌、张小安、张艳萍、赵勇涛、崔 莹、张红强、徐 徐、邵健雄、于得洋、蔡晓红 2006 物理学报 55 2221]
[29] Zhao Y T, Xiao G Q, Zhang X A, Yang Z H, Chen X M, Li F L, Zhang Y P, Zhang H Q, Cui Y, Shao J X, Xu X 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 85(in Chinese)[赵勇涛、肖国青、张小安、杨治虎、陈熙萌、李福利、张艳萍、张红强、崔 莹、邵健雄、徐 徐 2005 物理学报 54 88]
[30] Chen X M, Shao J X, Yang Z H, Zhang H Q, Cui Y, Xu X, Xiao G Q, Zhao Y T, Zhang X A, Zhang Y P 2007 Eur. Phys. J. D 41 281
[31] Yang Z H, Ma X W, Wang Y D, Liu H P, Yu Y D 2000 The Astrophyscal Journal 544 572
[32] Yang Z H, Du S B, Zeng X T, Chang H W, Zhang B L, Wang W, Yu D Y, Cai X H 2009 The Astronomical Journal 137 4020
[33] Yang Z H, Du S B, Zeng X T, Chang H W, Zang B L, Zhu K X, Yu D Y, Cai X H 2008 Eur.Phys.J.D 47 33
[34] Varga P, Neidhard T, Sporn M, Libiseller G, Schmid M, Aumayr F, Winter H P 1997 Phys. Scr. T 73 307
[35] Kakutani N, Azuma T, Yamazaki Y, Komaki K 1995 J.Appl.Phys. 34 L580
[36] Schenkel T, Barnes A V, Hamza A V, Schneider D H 1998 Euro. Phys. J. D 1 297
[37] Briand J P, de Billy L, Charles P, Essabaa S 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 159
[38] Winecki S, Cocke C L, Fry D, Stockli M P 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 4228
[39] Burgdorfer J, Reinhold C, Meyer F 1995 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 98 415
[40] Donets E D 1985 Nucl. Instum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 9 522
[41] McGuire E J 1971 Phys. Rev. A 3 587
[42] Chen M H, Crasemann B, Mark H 1979 At. Data Nucl. Data Tabl. 24 13
[43] Bhalla C P 1973 Phys. Rev. A 8 2877
[44] Manson S T, Kennedy D J 1974 At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 14 111
[45] Scofield J H 1974 At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 14 121
[46] Bhalla C P 1973 Phys. Rev. A 18 2877
[47] Bearden J A 1967 Rev. Mod. Phys. 39 78
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[1] Schenkel T, Barnes A V, Niedermayr T R, Hattass M, Newman M W, Machicoane G A, McDonald J W, Hamza A W, Schneider D H 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 4273
[2] Hattass M, Schenkel T, Barnes A V, Barnes A V, Newman M W, McDonald J W, Niedermayr T R, Machicoane G A, Schneider D H 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 4795
[3] Stolterfoht N, Niemann D, Hoffmann V, Rsler M, Baragiola R A 2000 Phys. Rev. A 61 052902-1
[4] Xiao G, Schiwietz G, Grand P L, Stolterfoht N, Schmoldt A, Grether M, Khrbrück R, Spieler A, Stettner U 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 1821
[5] Schenkel T, Briere M A, Schmidt-Bcking H, Bethge K, Schneider D 1997 Phys.Rev.Lett. 78 2481
[6] Karim K R, Grabe S R, Bhalla C P 1996 J. Phys. B 29 4007
[7] Briand J P, dEtat-Ban B, Schneider D, Briere M A, Decaux V, McDonald J W 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 2194
[8] Winecki S, Stckli M P, Cocke C L 1997 Phys. Rev. A 56 538
[9] Briere M A, Schenkel T, Schneider D H, Bauer P, Arnau A 1997 Phys.Scr. T 73 324
[10] Huang W, Lebius H, Schuch R, Grether M, Stolterfoht N 1998 Phys.Rev. A 58 2962
[11] Winecki S, Cocke C L, Fry D, Stckli M P 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 4228
[12] Huang W, Lebius H, Schuch R, Grether M, Stolterfoht N 1997 Phys.Rev. A 56 3777
[13] Schenkel T, Briere M A, Barnes A V, Hamza A V, Bethge K, Schmidt-Bcking H, Schneider D 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 79 2030
[14] Winecki S, Stckli M P, Cocke C L 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 4310
[15] Juaristi J I, Arnau A, Echenique P M, Winter H 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 1048
[16] Eder H, Vana M, Aumayr F. Winter H P 1997 Rev. Sci. Inst. 68 165
[17] Lemell C, Stckl J, Burgdrfer J, Betz G, Winter H P, Aumayr F 1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 81 1965
[18] Aumayr F, Kurz H, Schneider D, Briere M A, McDonald J W, Cunningham C E, Winter H P 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 71 1943
[19] Ibach H(Ed.) 1977 Electron Spectroscopy for Surface Analysis(Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany)
[20] Das J, Morgerstern R 1993 Phys. Rev. A 47 755
[21] Zhao Y T, Xiao G Q, Xu Z F, Qayyum Abdul, Wang Y Y, Zhang X A, Li F L, Zhan W L 2007 Acta Phys. Sin. 56 5734 (in Chinese)[赵永涛、肖国青、徐忠锋、Qayyum Abdul、王瑜玉、张小安、李福利、詹文龙 2007 物理学报 56 5734]
[22] Briand J P, Schneider D, Bardin S, Khemliche H, Jin J, Xie Z, Prior M 1997 Phys. Rev. A 55 3947
[23] Schulz M, Coke C L, Hagmann S, Stckli M, Schmidt-Bcking H 1991 Phys. Rev. A 44 1653
[24] Clark M W, Schneider D, Dewitt D, McDonald J W, Bruch R, Safronova U I, Tolstikhina I Yu, Schuch R 1993 Phys.Rev.A 47 3983
[25] Schenkel T, Hamza A V, Barnes A V, Schneider D H 1999 Pro. Sur.Sci. 61 23
[26] Machicoane G A, Schenkel T, Niedermayr T R, Newmann M W, Hamza A V, Barnes A v, McDonald J W, Tanis J A, Schneider D H 2002 Phys.Rev. A 65 042903-1
[27] Schuch R, Schneider D, Knapp D A, DeWitt D, McDonald J, Chen M H, Clark M W, Marrs R E 1993 Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 1073
[28] Yang Z H, Song Z Y, Chen X M, Zhang X A, Zhang Y P, Zhao Y T, cui Y, Zhang H Q, Xu X, Shao J X, Yu D Y, Cai X H 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 2221(in Chinese)[杨治虎、宋张勇、陈熙萌、张小安、张艳萍、赵勇涛、崔 莹、张红强、徐 徐、邵健雄、于得洋、蔡晓红 2006 物理学报 55 2221]
[29] Zhao Y T, Xiao G Q, Zhang X A, Yang Z H, Chen X M, Li F L, Zhang Y P, Zhang H Q, Cui Y, Shao J X, Xu X 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 85(in Chinese)[赵勇涛、肖国青、张小安、杨治虎、陈熙萌、李福利、张艳萍、张红强、崔 莹、邵健雄、徐 徐 2005 物理学报 54 88]
[30] Chen X M, Shao J X, Yang Z H, Zhang H Q, Cui Y, Xu X, Xiao G Q, Zhao Y T, Zhang X A, Zhang Y P 2007 Eur. Phys. J. D 41 281
[31] Yang Z H, Ma X W, Wang Y D, Liu H P, Yu Y D 2000 The Astrophyscal Journal 544 572
[32] Yang Z H, Du S B, Zeng X T, Chang H W, Zhang B L, Wang W, Yu D Y, Cai X H 2009 The Astronomical Journal 137 4020
[33] Yang Z H, Du S B, Zeng X T, Chang H W, Zang B L, Zhu K X, Yu D Y, Cai X H 2008 Eur.Phys.J.D 47 33
[34] Varga P, Neidhard T, Sporn M, Libiseller G, Schmid M, Aumayr F, Winter H P 1997 Phys. Scr. T 73 307
[35] Kakutani N, Azuma T, Yamazaki Y, Komaki K 1995 J.Appl.Phys. 34 L580
[36] Schenkel T, Barnes A V, Hamza A V, Schneider D H 1998 Euro. Phys. J. D 1 297
[37] Briand J P, de Billy L, Charles P, Essabaa S 1990 Phys. Rev. Lett. 65 159
[38] Winecki S, Cocke C L, Fry D, Stockli M P 1996 Phys. Rev. A 53 4228
[39] Burgdorfer J, Reinhold C, Meyer F 1995 Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 98 415
[40] Donets E D 1985 Nucl. Instum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B 9 522
[41] McGuire E J 1971 Phys. Rev. A 3 587
[42] Chen M H, Crasemann B, Mark H 1979 At. Data Nucl. Data Tabl. 24 13
[43] Bhalla C P 1973 Phys. Rev. A 8 2877
[44] Manson S T, Kennedy D J 1974 At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 14 111
[45] Scofield J H 1974 At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 14 121
[46] Bhalla C P 1973 Phys. Rev. A 18 2877
[47] Bearden J A 1967 Rev. Mod. Phys. 39 78
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