W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C<sup>6+ </sup>ions with several hundred MeV/u

Zhou Xian-Ming; Wei Jing; Cheng Rui; Mei Ce-Xiang; Zeng Li-Xia; Wang Xing; Liang Chang-Hui; Zhao Yong-Tao; Zhang Xiao-An

doi:10.7498/aps.70.20212322

Abstract

The L-shell X-ray emission of tungsten is investigated under the bombardment of C⁶⁺ ions in a high energy range of 154—424 MeV/u. Compared with the atomic data, the energy of the X-ray is enlarged, and the relative intensity ratio of Lι, Lβ_1,3,4 and Lβ_2,15 to Lα_1,2 X-rays are enhanced. The L-subshell and the total X-ray production cross section are calculated from a well corrected thick target formula and compared with the theoretical estimation of binary encounter approximation (BEA), plane-wave Born approximation (PWBA) and ECPSSR (PWBA theory modified with Energy-loss, Coulomb-repulsion, Perturbed-Stationary-State and Relativistic corrections). On the whole, the experimental cross sections are all smaller than the prediction of PWBA and ECPSSR, but in rough agreement with that of BEA. It is indicated that the inner-shell ionization of W can be considered as a binary process between the high energy C⁶⁺ ions acting as a point charge and the independent target electrons. With the L-shell ionization, the outer-shells are multiply ionized. The multi-ionization degree is approximately regard as a constant in the present work. This leads the X-ray energy to be blueshifted and the relative intensity ratios of Lι and Lβ to Lα X-ray to be enhanced. Using the atomic parameters corrected by multi-ionization, the X-ray production cross section can be estimated by the BEA model.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Ion beam and Optical Physics Laboratory, Xianyang Normal University, Xianyang 712000, China
2.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
3.
School of Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Xiao-An, zhangxiaoan2000@126.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFA0402300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11505248, 11775042, 11875096), the Scientific Research Program of Science and Technology Department of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2021JQ-812), the Scientific Research Program Foundation of the Education Department of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 20JK0975), the Acadimic Leader of Xianyang Normal University, China (Grant No. XSYXSD202108), and the Key Cultivation Project of Xianyang Normal University, China (Grant No. XSYK21037).

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Cited By

图 1 Si漂移X射线探测器(SDD)的探测效率

Figure 1. Efficiency of the silicon drift detector.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 不同能量C⁶⁺离子激发W的L壳层特征X射线谱, 以及质子激发谱

Figure 2. W L-shell X-ray spectra induced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy, and compared with that induced by proton.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 不同能量C⁶⁺激发W的Lβ_{1, 3, 4}与Lα_{1, 2} X射线相对强度比

Figure 3. Relative intensity ratios of W Lβ_{1, 3, 4} to Lα_{1, 2} X-ray induced by C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 5 不同能量C⁶⁺激发W的Lι与Lα_{1, 2} X射线相对强度比

Figure 5. Relative intensity ratios of W Lι and Lα_{1, 2} X-ray induced by C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 4 不同能量C⁶⁺激发W的Lβ_{2, 15}与Lα_{1, 2} X射线相对强度比

Figure 4. Relative intensity ratios of W Lβ_{2, 15} and Lα_{1, 2} X-ray induced by C⁶⁺ ions with various incident energy.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 6 C⁶⁺离子产生W的L X射线发射截面实验值, 以及不同的理论计算值

Figure 6. L X-ray production cross section of W produced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions, and compared with various theoretical calculations.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

表 1 不同能量C⁶⁺离子轰击产生W的L壳层分支X射线能量, 以及300 keV质子激发数据和单电离的原子数据^[48,49]

Table 1. W L-subshell X-ray energies induced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions and 300 keV H⁺, and the atomic data^[48,49].

	Lι/eV	Lα_{1, 2}/eV	Lβ_{1, 3, 4}/eV	Lβ_{2, 15}/eV	Lγ₁/eV	Lγ_{2, 3}/eV
Atomic	7387	8392	9673	9955	11285	11647
Proton	7383 ± 3	8390 ± 3	9677 ± 4	9959 ± 5	11289 ± 4	11649 ± 5
154 MeV/u	7508 ± 5	8472 ± 3	9750 ± 3	10041 ± 5	11363 ± 6	11794 ± 9
205 MeV/u	7497 ± 7	8438 ± 5	9711 ± 5	9999 ± 7	11349 ± 9	11743 ± 10
293 MeV/u	7495 ± 6	8446 ± 3	9718 ± 4	10017 ± 5	11343 ± 7	11767 ± 8
343 MeV/u	7493 ± 5	8432 ± 5	9708 ± 4	10005 ± 4	11336 ± 8	11746 ± 11
424 MeV/u	7503 ± 7	8440 ± 4	9712 ± 5	10007 ± 6	11346 ± 7	11749 ± 10

DownLoad: CSV

表 2 高能C⁶⁺离子激发W的L X射线发射截面

Table 2. Experimental results of W L-shell X-ray production cross section induced by high energy C⁶⁺ ions.

E/(MeV·u^–1)	Lι/(10² b)	Lα/(10³ b)	Lβ_{1, 3, 4}/(10³ b)	Lβ_{2, 15}/(10² b)	Lβ/(10³ b)	Lγ/(10² b)	Ltotal/(10³ b)
154	2.29 ± 0.39	2.58 ± 0.44	1.55 ± 0.26	7.41 ± 1.25	2.29 ± 0.39	5.48 ± 0.93	5.64 ± 0.96
205	1.56 ± 0.26	2.18 ± 0.37	1.22 ± 0.21	5.25 ± 0.89	1.74 ± 0.30	3.89 ± 0.66	4.47 ± 0.76
293	1.28 ± 0.22	1.79 ± 0.30	1.06 ± 0.18	4.56 ± 0.77	1.51 ± 0.26	3.10 ± 0.53	3.74 ± 0.64
343	1.24 ± 0.21	1.71 ± 0.29	1.07 ± 0.18	4.56 ± 0.77	1.52 ± 0.26	2.96 ± 0.50	3.68 ± 0.62
424	1.13 ± 0.19	1.63 ± 0.28	0.92 ± 0.16	4.44 ± 0.75	1.36 ± 0.23	2.70 ± 0.46	3.40 ± 0.57

DownLoad: CSV

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W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C⁶⁺ions with several hundred MeV/u

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W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C6+ ions with several hundred MeV/u

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W L-shell X-ray emission induced by C⁶⁺ions with several hundred MeV/u