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Based on the measurement principle of pulse time-of-flight, non-cooperative target ranging technology using a pulsed laser diode (LD) as a light source has received widespread attention in recent years. Using leading edge timing method to directly detect pulses, its measuring range is about a few tens of meters and only a cm-level single-shot accuracy could be reached due to the limitations of its pulse width and eye-safe laser power of the LD, which cannot meet the needs of most applications. Especially, in order to increase its receiver channel bandwidth from hundreds of MHz to even a few GHz to reduce its work error, its distance measurement accuracy and ranging distance are significantly degraded as its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) decreases. When a target is out of its measuring range, the back diffused laser pulse signal with an SNR of much less than 1 will be too weak to be extracted even with digital correlation processing technology.In this paper, using a pre-detection with high frequency resonance and multi-pulse correlation processing, a new ranging method to solve long ranging targets with high precision is proposed for the first time. Through the pre-detection circuit with high frequency resonance, a pulsed photocurrent signal is amplified and filtered, and then converted into a bipolar attenuation oscillation signal. Thereafter, its SNR is further improved by a new pulse function constructed through multi-pulse correlation processing. The peak of the new pulse is constant and its zero crossing point is found to be the timing point to calculate the target distance. The method has a better SNR and a high timing accuracy. And the detected ranging distance could be increased over one thousand meters or more. Theoretical calculation results show that the minimum detectable peak current of light pulse is around 17 nA in the method. Comparing with the direct pulse detection method, its SNR can increase 60 times. When a received peak of a photocurrent pulse is within a dynamic range of 1:10000, its work error is less than 0.1 ps. A pulsed laser rangefinder is developed based on the principle. And its average laser emission power is about 1 mW. Its measurement ranging without cooperative target is greater than 2000 m. Its distance measurement accuracy increases up to ± (3 mm+2 ppm) in a range of 1.5-300 m. For a long ranging target, its distance measurement accuracy is ± (10 mm+10 ppm). The rangefinder system is used in a total station product and can be used to measure large-scale engineering structures (such as roads, bridges, dams, tunnels, subways, etc.), building structures and industrial sites.
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Keywords:
- pulsed laser ranging /
- pre-detection with high frequency resonance /
- minimum detectable pulsed photocurrent /
- multi-pulse correlation processing
[1] Nissinen J, Kostamovaara J 2016 IEEE Sens. 16 1628
[2] Kostamovaara J, Huikari J, Hallman L, Nissinen I, Nissinen J, Rapakko H, Avrutin E, Ryvkin B 2015 IEEE Photon. 7 7800215
[3] Schwarz B 2010 Nat. Photon. 4 429
[4] Velupillai S, Guvenc L 2009 Appl. Control 29 17
[5] Huang M S, Long T Y, Liu H H 2014 Chin. J. Laser 41 0808002 (in Chinese) [黄民双, 龙腾宇, 刘慧慧 2014 中国激光 41 0808002]
[6] Kurtti S, Nissinen J, Kostamovaara J 2016 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 64 550
[7] Cao H, Song Y J, Yu J H, Shi H S, Hu M l, Wang Q Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 010601 (in Chinese) [曹辉, 宋有建, 于佳禾, 师浩森, 胡明列, 王清月 2018 物理学报 67 010601]
[8] Nissinen J, Nissinen I, Kostamovaara J 2012 Instrum. Meas. Technol. 36 1228
[9] Nissinen J, Nissinen I, Kostamovaara J 2009 IEEE Solid-State Circuits 44 1486
[10] Cho H S, Kim C H, Lee S G 2014 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 61 3007
[11] Pehkonen J, Kostamovaara J 2009 European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design Antalya, Turkey, August 23-27, 2009 p233
[12] Xu X B, Zhang H, Zhang X J, Chen S S, Zhang W 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 210601 (in Chinese) [徐孝彬, 张合, 张祥金, 陈杉杉, 张伟 2016 物理学报 65 210601]
[13] Kurtti S, Kostamovaara J 2009 IEEE Solid-State Circuits 44 835
[14] Pennala R, Ruotsalainen T, Palojarvi P, Kostamovaara J 1998 IEEE Internationa Symposium on Circuits and Systems Monterey, CA, May 31-June 3, 1998 p229
[15] Pehkonen J, Palojarvi P, Kostamovaara J 2006 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 53 569
[16] Kurtti S, Kostamovaara J 2010 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 60 146
[17] Zhang Z Y, Sui X L 2002 Chin. J. Laser 29 661 (in Chinese) [章正宇, 眭晓林 2002 中国激光 29 661]
[18] Qin L G, Huo Y J, He S F 2006 Chin. J. Laser 33 941 (in Chinese) [秦来贵, 霍玉晶, 何淑芳 2006 中国激光 33 941]
[19] Huang M S 2017 Laser Opt. Electron Prog. 54 122801 (in Chinese) [黄民双 2017 激光与光电子学进展 54 122801]
[20] Kou T, Wang H Y, Wang F, Wu X M, Wang L, Xu Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 120601 (in Chinese) [寇添, 王海晏, 王芳, 吴学铭, 王领, 徐强 2015 物理学报 64 120601]
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[1] Nissinen J, Kostamovaara J 2016 IEEE Sens. 16 1628
[2] Kostamovaara J, Huikari J, Hallman L, Nissinen I, Nissinen J, Rapakko H, Avrutin E, Ryvkin B 2015 IEEE Photon. 7 7800215
[3] Schwarz B 2010 Nat. Photon. 4 429
[4] Velupillai S, Guvenc L 2009 Appl. Control 29 17
[5] Huang M S, Long T Y, Liu H H 2014 Chin. J. Laser 41 0808002 (in Chinese) [黄民双, 龙腾宇, 刘慧慧 2014 中国激光 41 0808002]
[6] Kurtti S, Nissinen J, Kostamovaara J 2016 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 64 550
[7] Cao H, Song Y J, Yu J H, Shi H S, Hu M l, Wang Q Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 010601 (in Chinese) [曹辉, 宋有建, 于佳禾, 师浩森, 胡明列, 王清月 2018 物理学报 67 010601]
[8] Nissinen J, Nissinen I, Kostamovaara J 2012 Instrum. Meas. Technol. 36 1228
[9] Nissinen J, Nissinen I, Kostamovaara J 2009 IEEE Solid-State Circuits 44 1486
[10] Cho H S, Kim C H, Lee S G 2014 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 61 3007
[11] Pehkonen J, Kostamovaara J 2009 European Conference on Circuit Theory and Design Antalya, Turkey, August 23-27, 2009 p233
[12] Xu X B, Zhang H, Zhang X J, Chen S S, Zhang W 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 210601 (in Chinese) [徐孝彬, 张合, 张祥金, 陈杉杉, 张伟 2016 物理学报 65 210601]
[13] Kurtti S, Kostamovaara J 2009 IEEE Solid-State Circuits 44 835
[14] Pennala R, Ruotsalainen T, Palojarvi P, Kostamovaara J 1998 IEEE Internationa Symposium on Circuits and Systems Monterey, CA, May 31-June 3, 1998 p229
[15] Pehkonen J, Palojarvi P, Kostamovaara J 2006 IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. 53 569
[16] Kurtti S, Kostamovaara J 2010 IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. 60 146
[17] Zhang Z Y, Sui X L 2002 Chin. J. Laser 29 661 (in Chinese) [章正宇, 眭晓林 2002 中国激光 29 661]
[18] Qin L G, Huo Y J, He S F 2006 Chin. J. Laser 33 941 (in Chinese) [秦来贵, 霍玉晶, 何淑芳 2006 中国激光 33 941]
[19] Huang M S 2017 Laser Opt. Electron Prog. 54 122801 (in Chinese) [黄民双 2017 激光与光电子学进展 54 122801]
[20] Kou T, Wang H Y, Wang F, Wu X M, Wang L, Xu Q 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 120601 (in Chinese) [寇添, 王海晏, 王芳, 吴学铭, 王领, 徐强 2015 物理学报 64 120601]
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