Terahertz spectroscopy study of doping and magnetic field induced effects on spin reorientation in Ho1–xYxFeO3 single crystals

Ren Zhuang; Cheng Long; Sergei Guretskii; Nadzeya Liubochko; Li Jiang-Tao; Shang Jia-Min; Sergei Barilo; Wu An-Hua; Alexandra Kalashnikova; Ma Zong-Wei; Zhou Chun; Sheng Zhi-Gao

doi:10.7498/aps.69.20201518

Abstract

In this paper, the effects of magnetic field and nonmagnetic Y³⁺ doping on spin state and spin reorientation in HoFeO₃ single crystal are systematically studied by the self-developed terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) under magnetic field. By doping nonmagnetic Y³⁺, we find that the spin reorientation temperature range decreases. Meanwhile, we also find the type of spin reorientation of HoFeO₃ does not change with Y³⁺ doping, indicating that the Y³⁺ doping can exchange the interaction energy of Ho³⁺-Fe³⁺ without introducing any new magnetic structure. Moreover, the resonance frequency of quasi-ferromagnetic mode (q-FM) decreases with temperature increasing in the low temperature range, while the resonance frequency of quasi-antiferromagnetic mode (q-AFM) increases with temperature increasing in the high temperature range in Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃ single crystals. With the external magnetic field ( H _DC) applied along the (110) axis, on the one hand the magnetic field can not only tune the resonant frequency of q-FM but also induce the spin reorientation in Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃ single crystals, and on the other hand this magnetic field induced spin reorientation phenomenon can happen more easily if the temperature approaches to the intrinsic spin reorientation temperature range of the single crystals. Besides, the critical magnetic field induced spin reorientation increases with the doping of Y³⁺ increasing. Our research shows that THz spectroscopy data can be used to detect the doping concentration of Y³⁺ ions in HoFeO₃; in addition, Y³⁺ doping can make the spin state in HoFeO₃ crystal more stable and not easily affected by external magnetic fields. We anticipate that the role of doping and magnetic field in spin reorientation transition will trigger great interest in understanding the mechanism of the spin exchange interaction and the mechanism of external field tuning effect in the vast family of rare earth orthoferrites.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
2.
University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
3.
Scientific-Practical Materials Research Centre of NAS of Belarus, Minsk 220072, Belarus
4.
Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
5.
Ioffe Technologies Institute, St. Petersburg 194021, Russia

Corresponding author: Sheng Zhi-Gao, zhigaosheng@hmfl.ac.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0401803, 2017YFA0303603), the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. QYZDB-SSW-SLH011), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11574316, 51872309, 61805256, 11904367, U1832106, 52011530018), the Special Exchange Program for Russia-Ukraine-Belarus, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Shanghai Committee of Science and Technology, China (Grant No. 19520710900), and the Basic Research Funds of Belarus in Frame of Belarus-China Research (Grant No. F20CN-021)

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References

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Cited By

图 1 (a)−(c) 不同温度下(110)取向的HoFeO₃, Ho_0.8Y_0.2FeO₃和Ho_0.6Y_0.4FeO₃单晶的THz透射谱, 入射的太赫兹磁场分量(H_THz)平行于晶体的c轴, 图中红色和蓝色虚线分别帮助识别准铁磁模式(q-FM)共振峰和准反铁磁模式(q-AFM)共振峰; (d)−(f) 不同Y³⁺掺杂浓度单晶中的自旋波共振吸收谱随温度的关系. 图中的红色和蓝色的虚线分别代表低温下q-FM共振峰和高温下q-AFM共振峰随温度的变化

Figure 1. (a)−(c) THz transmission spectra of the (110) HoFeO₃, Ho_0.8Y_0.2FeO₃, and Ho_0.6Y_0.4FeO₃ single crystals measured at different temperatures, the incident THz magnetic component (H_THz) is aligned along c-axis of the crystal. The dashed red and blue lines are guides to the eye for identifying the quasi-ferromagnetic mode (q-FM) and quasi-antiferromagnetic mode (q-AFM) resonant peaks, respectively; (d)−(f) temperature dependence of THz spin wave resonance absorption spectra of single crystals with different Y³⁺ doping levels. The red dotted lines in the figures represent q-FM resonant absorption peaks change with temperature at low temperature, and the blue dotted lines represent q-AFM resonant absorption peaks change with temperature at high temperature.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 2 Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃中q-AFM和q-FM共振频率随温度的变化关系, 圆圈、三角和正方形标记分别代表Y³⁺离子掺杂浓度为0, 0.2和0.4的(110)取向的单晶中的共振频率

Figure 2. The temperature dependence of q-AFM and q-FM resonant frequencies in Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃. Circle, triangle and square markers show resonant frequencies in single crystals with Y³⁺ dopant concentration of 0, 0.2 and 0.4.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

图 3 (a)−(l) Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃单晶中在不同温度下随磁场变化的自旋波共振吸收谱, 入射的太赫兹磁场分量(H_THz)平行于晶体的c轴, 外加磁场H_DC沿晶体的[110]方向, 蓝色和红色的虚线分别表示q-AFM共振峰和q-FM共振峰随磁场的变化

Figure 3. (a)−(l) Magnetic field dependence of THz spin wave resonance absorption spectra of Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃ single crystals measured at different temperatures. The incident THz magnetic component (H_THz) is aligned along c-axis of crystals, and the external magnetic field H_DC is applied along [110] axis of crystals. The blue and red dotted lines are q-AFM and q-FM resonant absorption peaks change with the applied magnetic field, respectively.

DownLoad: Full-Size Img PowerPoint

[1]	Kimel A V, Kirilyuk A, Tsvetkov A, Pisarev R V, Rasing T 2004 Nature 429 850 Google Scholar
[2]	Kimel A V, Kirilyuk A, Usachev P A, Pisarev R V, Balbashov A M, Rasing T 2005 Nature 435 655 Google Scholar
[3]	Kimel A V, Ivanov B A, Pisarev R V, Usachev P A, Kirilyuk A, Rasing T 2009 Nat. Phys. 5 727 Google Scholar
[4]	Kirilyuk A, Kimel A V, Rasing T 2010 Rev. Mod. Phys. 82 2731 Google Scholar
[5]	武安华, 王博, 赵向阳, 满沛文, 谢涛, 徐晓东, 苏良碧 2017 中国科学: 技术科学 47 1177 Google Scholar Wu A H, Wang B, Zhao X Y, Man P W, Xie T, Xu X D, Su L B 2017 Sci. Sin. Technol. 47 1177 Google Scholar
[6]	蒋国超, 申慧, 徐家跃, 武安华 2020 人工晶体学报 49 990 Jiang G C, Shen H, Xu J Y, Wu A H 2020 J. Synth. Cryst. 49 990
[7]	覃莹, 陈湘明 2013 物理学进展 33 353 Qin Y, Chen X M 2013 Prog. Phys. 33 353
[8]	金钻明, 阮舜逸, 李炬赓, 林贤, 任伟, 曹世勋, 马国宏, 姚建铨 2019 物理学报 68 167501 Google Scholar Jin Z M, Ruan S Y, Li J G, Lin X, Ren W, Cao S X, Ma G H, Yao J Q 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 167501 Google Scholar
[9]	Zhao W Y, Cao S X, Huang R X, Cao Y M, Xu K, Kang B J, Zhang J C, Ren W 2015 Phys. Rev. B 91 104425 Google Scholar
[10]	Wu H L, Cao S X, Liu M, Cao Y M, Kang B J, Zhang J C, Ren W 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 144415 Google Scholar
[11]	Wang B, Zhao X Y, Wu A H, Cao S X, Xu J, Kalashnikova A M, Pisarev R V 2015 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 379 192 Google Scholar
[12]	Wu A H, Wang B, Zhao X Y, Xie T, Man P W, Su L B, Kalashnikova A M, Pisarev R V 2017 J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 426 721 Google Scholar
[13]	Yuan N, Li R B, Yu Y S, Feng Z J, Kang B J, Zhuo S Y, Ge J Y, Zhang J C, Cao S X 2019 Front. Phys. 14 13502 Google Scholar
[14]	Yamaguchi K, Kurihara T, Minami Y, Nakajima M, Suemoto T 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 137204 Google Scholar
[15]	Jiang J J, Jin Z M, Song G B, Lin X, Ma G H, Cao S X 2013 Appl. Phys. Lett. 103 062403 Google Scholar
[16]	Zeng X X, Fu X J, Wang D Y, Xi X Q, Zhou J, Li B 2015 Opt. Express 23 31956 Google Scholar
[17]	袁宁, 曹世勋 2019 自然杂志 41 0253 Yuan N, Cao S X 2019 Chin. J. Nat. 41 0253
[18]	White R L 1969 J. Appl. Phys. 40 1061 Google Scholar
[19]	Suemoto T, Nakamura K, Kurihara T, Watanabe H 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 042404 Google Scholar
[20]	Balbashov A M, Kozlov G V, Lebedev S P, Mukhin A A, Pronin A Y, Prokhorov A S 1989 Sov. Phys. JETP 68 629
[21]	刘明, 曹世勋, 袁淑娟, 康保娟, 鲁波, 张金仓 2013 物理学报 62 147601 Google Scholar Liu M, Cao S X, Yuan S J, Kang B J, Lu B, Zhang J C 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 147601 Google Scholar
[22]	Afanasiev D, Ivanov B A, Kirilyuk A, Rasing T, Pisarev R V, Kimel A V 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 097401 Google Scholar
[23]	Amelin K, Nagel U, Fishman R S, Yoshida Y, Sim H, Park K, Park J G, Room T 2018 Phys. Rev. B 98 174417 Google Scholar
[24]	Liu X M, Jin Z M, Zhang S N, Zhang K L, Zhao W Y, Xu K, Lin X, Cheng Z X, Cao S X, Ma G H 2018 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 51 024001 Google Scholar
[25]	Li X W, Bamba M, Yuan N, Zhang Q, Zhao Y G, Xiang M L, Xu K, Jin Z M, Ren W, Ma G H, Cao S X, Turchinovich D, Kono J 2018 Science 361 794 Google Scholar
[26]	Wu A H, Zhao X Y, Man P W, Su L B, Kalashnikova A M, Pisarev R V 2018 J. Cryst. Growth 486 169 Google Scholar
[27]	Guo J J, Cheng L, Ren Z, Zhang W J, Lin X, Jin Z M, Cao S X, Sheng Z G, Ma G H 2020 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 32 185401 Google Scholar
[28]	Jiang J J, Song G B, Wang D Y, Jin Z M, Tian Z, Lin X, Han J G, Ma G H, Cao S X, Cheng Z X 2016 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 28 116002 Google Scholar
[29]	Lin X, Jiang J J, Jin Z M, Wang D Y, Tian Z, Han J G, Cheng Z X, Ma G H 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 092403 Google Scholar
[30]	Nikitin S E, Wu L S, Sefat A S, Shaykhutdinov K A, Lu Z, Meng S, Pomjakushina E V, Conder K, Ehlers G, Lumsden M D, Kolesnikov A I, Barilo S, Guretskii S A, Inosov D S, Podlesnyak A 2018 Phys. Rev. B 98 064424 Google Scholar
[31]	Barilo S N, Ges A P, Guretskii S A, Zhigunov D I, Ignatenko A A, Luginets A M, Shapovalova E F 1991 J. Cryst. Growth 108 309 Google Scholar
[32]	Kampfrath T, Sell A, Klatt G, Pashkin A, Mahrlein S, Dekorsy T, Wolf M, Fiebig M, Leitenstorfer A, Huber R 2011 Nat. Photonics 5 31 Google Scholar
[33]	Yamaguchi K, Nakajima M, Suemoto T 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 237201 Google Scholar
[34]	Kampfrath T, Tanaka K, Nelson K A 2013 Nat. Photonics 7 680 Google Scholar
[35]	Grishunin K, Huisman T, Li G Q, Mishina E, Rasing T, Kimel A V, Zhang K L, Jin Z M, Cao S X, Ren W, Ma G H, Mikhaylovskiy R V 2018 ACS Photonics 5 1375 Google Scholar
[36]	Afanasiev D, Ivanov B A, Pisarev R V, Kirilyuk A, Rasing T, Kimel A V 2017 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 29 224003 Google Scholar

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Terahertz spectroscopy study of doping and magnetic field induced effects on spin reorientation in Ho_1–xY_xFeO₃ single crystals