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蒸发波导是一种在海面上频繁出现的多径传播环境，会引起信号畸变，导致常规算法分辨率下降，使得雷达测向测距误差加大甚至无法工作. 本文提出了一种基于方向图加载的时间反演抛物方程定位算法，能够有效地处理蒸发波导效应，自适应地补偿信号畸变，形成与传播环境相匹配的、经过时间反演的电波，从而稳健地实现对目标的聚焦定位. 该算法能够巧妙地利用多径效应，增大天线阵列的有效口径，得到超分辨率的效果. 另外，它还对阵元间距有着较高的宽容性，这样就可以采用稀布形式，从而提高算法的实用性，增加其适用范围. 仿真结果表明，对于相同口径的阵列天线，该算法使方位分辨率较自由空间提高了2倍以上；在30λ 的大阵元间距下，旁瓣电平在8.96 dB以下，有效地抑制了鬼像的产生. 该算法具有较强的稳健性和较高的精度，在海面通信、搜救、预警等领域有着广阔的应用前景.Evaporation duct is a multipath environment on the sea, which tends to distort the signals, causes lower localization accuracy or even affects the normal work of radar when using the traditional localization algorithms. This paper presents a localization method in time reversal parabolic equation based on the radiation pattern loading. It could effectively handle the effects of evaporation duct and adaptively compensate the signal distortion, form time reversed waves matched with the propagation environment, and lead to a robust focusing and localization of the target. This method uses multipath effects flexibly to increase the effective aperture of antenna array for super resolution. In addition, it has a good tolerance in element spacing leading to a sparse array configuration which is more practical on the sea and widens its application fields. Simulation results show that the azimuth resolution in evaporation duct with the same aperture array has been improved 2 times more than in the free space by using this method; when 30λ is adopted as the element spacing, the sidelobe levels can be kept below -8.96 dB, so ghost images are effectively suppressed. The proposed method has strong robustness and high accuracy, thus may be useful in many practical applications, such as communication, search and rescue, pre-warning system on the sea, etc.
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Keywords:
- parabolic equation method /
- time reversal /
- localization /
- self-adaptive focusing
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[10] Zhang T W, Yang K D, Ma Y L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 124301
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[15] Liang M S, Wang B Z, Zhang Z M, Ding S, Zang R 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 058401 (in Chinese) [梁木生, 王秉中, 章志敏, 丁帅, 臧锐 2013 物理学报 62 058401]
[16] Zhou H D, Wang B Z, Ding S, Ou H Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 114101 (in Chinese) [周洪澄, 王秉中, 丁帅, 欧海燕 2013 物理学报 62 114101]
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[1] Tappert F D 1997 Wave propagation and underwater acoustics (Berlin Heidelberg: Springer) pp224-287
[2] Dockey G D 1988 IEEE T Antenn. Propag. 36 1464
[3] Zhang J P, Wu Z S, Zhao Z W, Zhang Y S, Wang B 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 109202
[4] Zhang Q H, Liao C, Sheng N, Cheng L L 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 204101 (in Chinese)[张青洪, 廖成, 盛楠, 陈伶璐 2013 物理学报 62 204101]
[5] Spencer T A, Walker R A, Hawkes R M 2005 JGPS. 4 245
[6] Guo J Y, Cao L, Long Y L, Gong Z Q 2009 Acta Scientiarum Naturalium UN. 48 47 (in Chinese) [郭建炎, 曹林, 龙云亮, 龚主前 2009 中山大学学报 48 47]
[7] Li D X, Yang R J, Wang H J, Jiang Z Z 2011 Chin J Radio. 4 683 (in Chinese) [李德鑫, 杨日杰, 王鸿吉, 蒋志忠 2011 电波科学学报 4 683]
[8] Lerosey G, Rosny J D, Tourin A, Fink M 2007 Science 315 1120
[9] Kim S, Edelmann G F, Kuperman W A, Hodgkiss W S, Song H C, Akal T 2001 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110 820
[10] Zhang T W, Yang K D, Ma Y L 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 124301
[11] Blomgren P, Papanicolaou G, Zhao H K 2002 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 111 230
[12] Papanicolaou G, Ryzhik L, Solna K 2002 Matematica Contemporanea 23 139
[13] Sheng X L, Hui J Y, Liang G L 2005 Acta Acoust. 30 271 (in Chinese) [生雪莉, 惠俊英, 梁国龙 2005 声学学报 30 271]
[14] Zhang Z M, Wang B Z, Ge G D, Liang M S, Ding S 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 098401 (in Chinese) [章志敏, 王秉中, 葛广顶, 梁木生, 丁帅 2012 物理学报 61 098401]
[15] Liang M S, Wang B Z, Zhang Z M, Ding S, Zang R 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 058401 (in Chinese) [梁木生, 王秉中, 章志敏, 丁帅, 臧锐 2013 物理学报 62 058401]
[16] Zhou H D, Wang B Z, Ding S, Ou H Y 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 114101 (in Chinese) [周洪澄, 王秉中, 丁帅, 欧海燕 2013 物理学报 62 114101]
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