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In our experiment, firstly, we carry out the loading of single atoms in the magneto-optical trap (MOT) by increasing the quadrupole magnetic field gradient, improving the background vacuum, and reducing the diameters of the cooling and trapping laser beams. Secondly, we get the single atomic fluorescence signal of a high signal-to-background ratio in the MOT by means of reducing the detuning of cooling light and increasing its intensity appropriately, and using the polarization spectroscopy locking technique to suppress the fluctuations of cooling laser. In addition, with the real-time feedback on quadrupole magnetic field gradient, we demonstrate a probability of loading single atoms in the MOT as high as 98%. We also measure the statistical properties of the single atomic fluorescence which is excited by continuous light in the MOT; the measured second-order correlation is g(2)( = 0) = 0.09.
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Keywords:
- single atoms /
- magneto-optical trap /
- signal-to-background ratio /
- efficient loading
[1] Hu Z, Kimble H J 1994 Opt. Lett. 19 1888
[2] Ruschewitz F, Bettermann D, Peng J L, Ertmer W 1996 Europhys. Lett. 34 651
[3] Haubrich D, Schadwinkel H, Strauch F, Ueberholz B, Wynands R, Meschede D 1996 Europhys. Lett. 34 663
[4] Willems P A, Boyd R A, Bliss J L, Libbrecht K G 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1660
[5] Hilland S B, McClelland J J 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 82 3128
[6] Yoon S, Choi Y, Park S, Kim J, Lee J H, An K 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 211104
[7] Wang J, He J, Qiu Y, Yang B D, Zhao J Y, Zhang T C, Wang J M 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 2062
[8] He J, Yang B D, Zhang T C, Wang J M 2011 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 44 135102
[9] He J, Yang B D, Zhang T C, Wang J M 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 073701
[10] He J 2011 Ph. D. Thesis (Shanxi: Shanxi University) (in Chinese) [何军 2011 博士学位论文(山西:山西大学)]
[11] Thompson J D, Tiecke T G, Zibrov A S, Vuletic V, Lukin M D 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 133001
[12] Haubrich D, Hope A, Meschede D 1993 Opt. Commun. 102 225
[13] Foot C J 2005 Atomic Physics (Oxford: Clarendon Press) 180-181
[14] Carmichael H J, Walls D F 1976 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 9 1199
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[1] Hu Z, Kimble H J 1994 Opt. Lett. 19 1888
[2] Ruschewitz F, Bettermann D, Peng J L, Ertmer W 1996 Europhys. Lett. 34 651
[3] Haubrich D, Schadwinkel H, Strauch F, Ueberholz B, Wynands R, Meschede D 1996 Europhys. Lett. 34 663
[4] Willems P A, Boyd R A, Bliss J L, Libbrecht K G 1997 Phys. Rev. Lett. 78 1660
[5] Hilland S B, McClelland J J 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 82 3128
[6] Yoon S, Choi Y, Park S, Kim J, Lee J H, An K 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 211104
[7] Wang J, He J, Qiu Y, Yang B D, Zhao J Y, Zhang T C, Wang J M 2008 Chin. Phys. B 17 2062
[8] He J, Yang B D, Zhang T C, Wang J M 2011 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 44 135102
[9] He J, Yang B D, Zhang T C, Wang J M 2011 Chin. Phys. B 20 073701
[10] He J 2011 Ph. D. Thesis (Shanxi: Shanxi University) (in Chinese) [何军 2011 博士学位论文(山西:山西大学)]
[11] Thompson J D, Tiecke T G, Zibrov A S, Vuletic V, Lukin M D 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 133001
[12] Haubrich D, Hope A, Meschede D 1993 Opt. Commun. 102 225
[13] Foot C J 2005 Atomic Physics (Oxford: Clarendon Press) 180-181
[14] Carmichael H J, Walls D F 1976 J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Phys. 9 1199
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