The electromagnetic scattering of buried gyrotropic anisotropic media is crucial for resource exploration and environmental monitoring. However, existing analytical solutions for electromagnetic scattering of a gyrotropic anisotropic sphere are primarily limited to free-space cases due to computational complexity. To overcome this limitation, this thesis proposes an analytical solution that combines spherical vector wave functions (SVWFs), the T-matrix method, the image method, and the addition theorem of SVWFs. The proposed method is detailed as follows: The transmitted field of a vertically incident plane wave transmitting through the ground serves as the first incident field on the gyrotropic anisotropic sphere, which can be expanded in terms of SVWFs. Using the analytical solution for a gyrotropic anisotropic sphere in free space, expressions for the internal electromagnetic field are derived. Based on the orthogonality of the SVWFs in the surface of the buried gyrotropic anisotropic sphere, the first scattered field is obtained. This scattered field then acts as the incident field on the ground, and its reflection is calculated using the image method. The reflected field can then serve as the secondary incident field for the dielectric sphere, and this process is repeated iteratively until the field components on the ground converge.
Unlike existing methods that compute the field at a fixed point for buried homogeneous cylinder or isotropic sphere, the proposed method computes the electric field distribution along a line L on the ground, which is parallel to both the Y-axis and the sphere's central axis. Comparison with FEKO simulation results demonstrates excellent agreement, with an average relative error below 0.1%, thereby validating the correctness of the proposed analytical solution. Moreover, the proposed analytical method demonstrates a significant advantage in computational efficiency compared to FEKO simulation results. Using the established analytical model, this study also analyzes in detail the influence mechanisms of parameters such as incident wave frequency and burial depth on the electric field distribution along the Y-axis. These findings provide practical value by enhancing the accuracy of geological exploration and the reliability of environmental monitoring.