In order to explore and develop new crystal materials in the 2.7–3.0 μm band, Pr, Yb, Ho:GdScO₃ crystal are successfully grown by the Czochralski method for the first time. X-ray diffraction measurement is performed to obtain powder diffraction data. Raman spectra aree measured and the vibration peaks are identified. The transmission spectrum, emission spectrum and fluorescence lifetime of Pr, Yb, Ho:GdScO₃ crystal are also characterized. The center of the strongest absorption band is at 966 nm with a half-peak width of 90 nm, which comes from the transition of Yb³⁺:²F_7/2 → ²F_5/2. The absorption cross section of Yb³⁺ is calculated and the values at 966, 973, 985 nm are 0.62×10^–20, 0.60×10^–20 and 0.58×10^–20 cm² respectively. The maximum emission peak is at 2850 nm and the half-peak width is 70 nm, the lifetimes of Ho³⁺:⁵I₆ and ⁵I₇ are measured to be 1094 and 56 μs respectively, and the emission cross section at 2850 and 2935 nm are calculated to be 3.6×10^–20 cm² and 1.21×10^–20 cm², respectively. Comparing with Yb, Ho: GdScO₃ crystal, the absorption peak of Yb³⁺ and the emission peak are both broadened, which are related to the increase of crystal disorder. The lifetime of the lower energy level decreases significantly. Furthermore, the energy transfer mechanism between \rm Ho^3+ and Pr³⁺ is analyzed, and the energy transfer efficiency between Ho³⁺:⁵I₇ and Pr³⁺:³F₂+³H₆ is calculated to be 99%, which is higher than those in other materials. All the results show that Pr, Yb, Ho:GdScO₃ crystal is an excellent 2.7–3 μm laser material, and is easier to achieve laser output than Yb, Ho:GdScO₃ crystal.