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Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) can detect weak cardiac magnetic signals. By analyzing those detected cardiac magnetic signals can we provide the evidence for the diagnosis of cardiac diseases. In this paper, we reconstruct the cardiac current dipole array using minimum-norm least-squares method (MNLS), thus realize the imaging of equivalent cardiac current sources. In the process of doing inverse computation using MNLS for current dipole array reconstruction, we assume that the cardiac current sources are distributed in a plane layer in human heart and the cardiac magnetic signals needed for inverse computation are obtained with three methods: the simulation based on single current dipole and current multipole models, and the realistic measurements by SQUID. Using the three methods for obtaining the cardiac magnetic signals, we discuss the distributive characteristics of current dipoles from the inverse computation. Besides, we also add the constant noise and random noise to the cardiac magnetic signals and consider their influences on the reconstruction of current dipole array.
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Keywords:
- cardiac magnetic signals /
- superconducting quantum interference device /
- current dipole array reconstruction /
- minimum-norm least-squares method
[1] ［1］Geselowitz D B 1967 Biophys J. 7 1
[2] ［2］Geselowitz D B 1988 Comprehensive Electrocardiography (Oxford: Pergamon) p181—195
[3] ［3］Zhang Y, Wolters N, Lomparski D 2003 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon. 13 3862
[4] ［4］Kosch O, Meindl P, Steinhoff U, Trahms L 2001 Biomag 2000, Proceeding of the 12th International Conference on Biomagnetism, Espoo, Finland 2001 p553
[5] ［5］Ma P, Yao K, Xie F X, Zhang S Y, Deng P, He D F, Zhang F, Liu L Y, Nie R J, Wang F R, Wang S Z, Dai Y D 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 224(in Chinese)［马平、姚坤、谢飞翔、张升原、邓鹏、何东风、张凡、刘乐园、聂瑞娟、王福仁、王守证、戴远东 2002 物理学报 51 224］
[6] ［6］Liu X Y, Xie F X, Meng S C, Ma P, Yang T, Nie R J, Wang S Z, Wang F R, Dai Y D 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2580 (in Chinese)［刘新元、谢飞翔、孟树超、马平、杨涛、聂瑞娟、王守证、王福仁、戴远东 2003 物理学报 52 2580］
[7] ［7］Zhao L, Chen G H, Zhang L H, Huang X G, Zhai G J, Li J W, Tang Y L, Feng J 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 4420 (in Chinese)［赵莉、陈赓华、张利华、黄旭光、翟光杰、李俊文、汤玉林、冯稷 2004 物理学报 53 4420］
[8] ［8］Liu X Y, Xie B Q, Dai Y D, Wang F R, Li Z Z, Ma P, Xie F X, Yang T, Nie R J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1937 (in Chinese)［刘新元、谢柏青、戴远东、王福仁、李壮志、马平、谢飞翔、杨涛、聂瑞娟 2005 物理学报 54 1937］
[9] ［9］Lutkenhoner, Lehnertz B K, Hoke M, Pantev C 1991 Acta Otolaryngol. 491 94
[10] ］Burghoff M, Stainhoff U, Haberkorn W, Koch H 1997 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon 7 3465
[11] ］Ramon C，Meyer M G，Nelson A C, Spelman F A, Lamping J 1993 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engng. 40 317
[12] ］Wang J Z, Williamson S J, Kaufman L 1992 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engng. 39 665
[13] ］Hughett P 1995 Ann. Biomed. Engng. 23 506
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[1] ［1］Geselowitz D B 1967 Biophys J. 7 1
[2] ［2］Geselowitz D B 1988 Comprehensive Electrocardiography (Oxford: Pergamon) p181—195
[3] ［3］Zhang Y, Wolters N, Lomparski D 2003 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon. 13 3862
[4] ［4］Kosch O, Meindl P, Steinhoff U, Trahms L 2001 Biomag 2000, Proceeding of the 12th International Conference on Biomagnetism, Espoo, Finland 2001 p553
[5] ［5］Ma P, Yao K, Xie F X, Zhang S Y, Deng P, He D F, Zhang F, Liu L Y, Nie R J, Wang F R, Wang S Z, Dai Y D 2002 Acta Phys. Sin. 51 224(in Chinese)［马平、姚坤、谢飞翔、张升原、邓鹏、何东风、张凡、刘乐园、聂瑞娟、王福仁、王守证、戴远东 2002 物理学报 51 224］
[6] ［6］Liu X Y, Xie F X, Meng S C, Ma P, Yang T, Nie R J, Wang S Z, Wang F R, Dai Y D 2003 Acta Phys. Sin. 52 2580 (in Chinese)［刘新元、谢飞翔、孟树超、马平、杨涛、聂瑞娟、王守证、王福仁、戴远东 2003 物理学报 52 2580］
[7] ［7］Zhao L, Chen G H, Zhang L H, Huang X G, Zhai G J, Li J W, Tang Y L, Feng J 2004 Acta Phys. Sin. 53 4420 (in Chinese)［赵莉、陈赓华、张利华、黄旭光、翟光杰、李俊文、汤玉林、冯稷 2004 物理学报 53 4420］
[8] ［8］Liu X Y, Xie B Q, Dai Y D, Wang F R, Li Z Z, Ma P, Xie F X, Yang T, Nie R J 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1937 (in Chinese)［刘新元、谢柏青、戴远东、王福仁、李壮志、马平、谢飞翔、杨涛、聂瑞娟 2005 物理学报 54 1937］
[9] ［9］Lutkenhoner, Lehnertz B K, Hoke M, Pantev C 1991 Acta Otolaryngol. 491 94
[10] ］Burghoff M, Stainhoff U, Haberkorn W, Koch H 1997 IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercon 7 3465
[11] ］Ramon C，Meyer M G，Nelson A C, Spelman F A, Lamping J 1993 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engng. 40 317
[12] ］Wang J Z, Williamson S J, Kaufman L 1992 IEEE Trans. Biomed. Engng. 39 665
[13] ］Hughett P 1995 Ann. Biomed. Engng. 23 506
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