Equations of state and thermodynamic properties of hot plasma

Tang Wen-Hui; Xu Bin-Bin; Ran Xian-Wen; Xu Zhi-Hong

doi:10.7498/aps.66.030505

Abstract

The equations of state (EOS) and the thermodynamics properties of plasma under high temperature are widely applied to the fields of astrophysics, controllable fusion, weapon design and damage. In this paper we mainly review the theoretical model and computing method of the EOS of hot plasma on different density scales and temperature scales. For an ideal plasma, the interaction between ions can be ignored, the EOS is simple and the theories turn matured. Under the condition of extremely high temperature, ions are ionized completely and the EOSs of ions and electrons can be approximated by the EOS of ideal gas. When the temperature is not very high and ions are just partly ionized, the EOS can be obtained by Saha model or its modified model. When atoms are strongly compressed, the EOS can be calculated by Thomas-Fermi model or its modified model. For the non-ideal plasma, there is a strong coupling between ions. No unified theoretical model can completely describe the interaction between ions at arbitrary density and arbitrary temperature. In principle, the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) can accurately describe the EOS of plasma in large density range and large temperature range. However, due to the enormous computation and the difficulty in converging, it is difficult to apply QMD to the plasma under high temperature. With simple computing method and small computation, classical molecular dynamics using semi-empirical potential can calculate the EOS accurately at high temperature. However, it will produce great error at lower temperature. It is a simple and effective way to obtain a global EOS by using different theoretical models in different density range and different temperature range and by interpolating in the vacant density range and vacant temperature range.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China

Corresponding author: Tang Wen-Hui, wenhuitang@163.com

References

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[49]	Dai J, Hou Y, Yuan J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 245001
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[51]	Militzer B 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 155105
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[56]	Morse P M 1929 Phys. Rev. 34 57
[57]	Born M, Mayer J E 1931 Z. Phys. 75 1
[58]	Daw M S, Baskes M I 1983 Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 1285
[59]	Finnis M W, Sinclair J E 1984 Philosophic Magazine A 50 45
[60]	Abell G C 1985 Phys. Rev. B 31 6184
[61]	Collins L, Kwon I, Kress J, Troullier N, Lynch D 1995 Phys. Rev. E 52 6202
[62]	Desjarlais M P, Kress J D, Collins L A 2002 Phys. Rev. E 66 025401
[63]	Mazevet S, Clérouin J, Recoules V, Anglade P M, Zérah G 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 085002
[64]	Mazevet S, Desjarlais M P, Collins L A, Kress D, Magee N H 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 016409
[65]	Clérouin J, Noiret P 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 224203
[66]	Holst B, Redmer R 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 184201
[67]	Mazevet S, Zérah G 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 155001
[68]	Kohn K, Sham L J 1965 Phys. Rev. 140 A1133
[69]	Born M, Huang K 1954 Dynamical Theory of Crystal Lattice (Oxford:Oxford University Press)
[70]	Hohenberg P, Kohn W 1964 Phys. Rev. B 136 864
[71]	Hansen J P, McDonald I R 1976 Theory of Simple Liquids (Lodon:Academic Press)
[72]	Perdew J P, Kieron B, Matthias E 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 3865
[73]	Lambert F, Clérouin J, Zérah G 2006 Phys. Rev. E 73 016403
[74]	More R M, Warren K H, Young D A, Zimmerman G B 1988 Phys. Fluids 31 3059
[75]	Lyon S P, Johnson J D 1992 SESAME:The Los Alamos National Laboratory Equation of State Database Report No. LA-UR-92-3407
[76]	Bushman A V, Fortov V E 1983 Soviet Phys. Uspek. 26 465
[77]	Godval B K, Sikka S K 1983 Phys. Rep. 102 121
[78]	Basko M M. Metallic 1985 Soviet High Temperat. Phys. 23 388
[79]	Kemp A J, Meyer-ter-Vehn J 1998 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 415 674
[80]	Atzeni S, Meyer-ter-Vehn J 2004 The Physics of Inertial Fusion (New York:Oxford University Press)
[81]	Altshuler L 1965 Soviet Phys. Uspek. 8 52
[82]	Ragan C E 1982 Phys. Rev. A 25 3360
[83]	Vladimirov A S, Voloshin N P, Nogin V N, Petrovtsev A V, Simonenko V A 1984 JETP Lett. 39 82
[84]	Mitchell A C, Nellis W J 1981 J. Appl. Phys. 52 3363
[85]	Hou Y 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Changsha:National University of Defence Technology) (in Chinese)[侯永2009博士学位论文(长沙:国防科学技术大学)]
[86]	Letter R 1955 Phys. Rev. 99 1854
[87]	Perrot F, Dharma-wardana M W C, Benage J 2002 Phys. Rew. E 65 046414
[88]	Hou Y, Yuan J 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 016402
[89]	Dai J Y 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Changsha:National University of Defence Technology) (in Chinese)[戴佳钰2010博士学位论文(长沙:国防科学技术大学)]
[90]	Lambert F, Clérouin J, Mazevet S 2006 Europhys. Lett. 75 681
[91]	Fromy P, Deutsh C, Maynard G 1996 Phys. Plasmas 3 714
[92]	Piron R, Blenski T 2011 Phys. Rev. E 83 026403
[93]	Batani D, Morelli A, Tomasini M, Benuzzi-Mounaix A, Philippe F, Koenig M, Marchet B, Masclet I, Rabec M, Reverdin C, Cauble R, Celliers P, Collins G, Silva L D, Hall T, Moret M, Sacchi B, Baclet P, Cathala B 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 235502

Cited By

[1]	Fortov V E 2016 Extreme States of Matter (Berlin:Springer) p9
[2]	Xu J A, Mao H K, Bell P M 1986 Science 232 1404
[3]	Ming L C, Bassett W A 1974 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 45 1115
[4]	Nellis W J 2006 Rep. Prog. Phys. 69 1479
[5]	Qian X S 2007 Lectures on Physics (Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press) (in Chinese)[钱学森2007物理力学讲义(上海:上海交通大学出版社)]
[6]	Fortov V E 2007 Phys. Uspek. 50 333
[7]	Lindl J D, Amendt P, Berger R L, Glendinning S G, Glenzer S H, Haan S W, Kauffman R L, Landen O L, Suter L J 2004 Phys. Plasmas 11 339
[8]	Saha M N, Srivastava B N 1965 A Treatise on Heat (Allahabad:The India Press)
[9]	Debye P, Hckel E 1923 Physik Z 24 185
[10]	Thomas L H 1927 Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 23 542
[11]	Fermi E 1928 Z. Phys. 48 73
[12]	Xu X S, Zhang W X 1986 Theory Guide of Practical Equations of State (Beijing:Science Press) (in Chinese)[徐锡申, 张万箱1986实用物态方程理论导引(北京:科学出版社)]
[13]	Feynman R P, Metropolis N, Teller E 1949 Phys. Rev. 75 1561
[14]	Car R, Parrinello M 1985 Phys. Rev. Lett. 55 2471
[15]	Letter R 1955 Phys. Rev. 99 1854
[16]	Dirac P A M 1930 Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 26 376
[17]	Cowan R D, Ashkin J 1957 Phys. Rev. 105 144
[18]	Bloch F 1929 Zeits. F Phys. 57 545
[19]	McCarthy S L 1965 Lawrence Livermore Laboratory Report UCRL-14364
[20]	Kirzhnits D A 1957 Sov. Phys. JETP 5 64
[21]	Tang W H, Zhang R Q 2008 Introduction to the Theory and Compution of Equations of State (Beijing:Higher Education Press) (in Chinese)[汤文辉, 张若棋2008物态方程理论及计算概论(北京:高等教育出版社)]
[22]	Bell A R 1980 Rutherford and Appleton Laboratories Report RL-80-091
[23]	Zink J W 1968 Phys. Rev. 176 279
[24]	Lee C M, Thorsos B I 1978 Phys. Rev. A 17 2073
[25]	Rozsnyai B F 1972 Phys. Rev. A 5 1137
[26]	Rozsnyai B F 1982 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 27 211
[27]	Rozsnyai B F, Lamoureux M 1990 J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. 43 381
[28]	Bauche-Arnoult C, Bauche J, Klapisch 1978 M. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 68 1136
[29]	Bauche-Arnoult C, Bauche J, Klapisch M 1979 Phys. Rew. A 20 2424
[30]	Bar-Shalom A, Oreg J, Goldstein W H, Shvart D, Zigler A 1989 Phys. Rev. A 40 3183
[31]	Oreg J, Goldstein W H, Bar-Shalom A, Klapisch M 1990 J. Comput. Phys. 91 460
[32]	Iglesias C A, Rogers F J, Wilson B G 1987 Astrophys. J. 322 45
[33]	Kurten K E, Ristig M L, Clark J W 1977 Lett. Al Nuovo Cimento 20 313
[34]	Kang H S, Ree F H 1998 Phys. Rev. E 57 5988
[35]	Rose D V, Genoni T C, Welch D R, Clark R E, Campbell R B, Mehlhorn T A, Flicker D G 2009 Phys. Plasams 16 102105
[36]	Dror O, Nardi E, Rosenfeld Y 1988 Phys. Rev. A 38 5801
[37]	Furukawa H, Nishihara K 1992 Phys. Rev. A 46 6596
[38]	Zérah G, Clérouin J G, Pollock E L 1992 Phys. Rev. Lett. 69 446
[39]	Clérouin J G, Pollock E L, Zérah G 1992 Phys. Rev. A 46 5130
[40]	Flavien L, Gilles Z 2006 Phys. Rev. E 73 016403
[41]	Danel J F, Kazandjian L, Zérah G 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 092701
[42]	Dharma-wardana M W C, Francois P 1982 Phys. Rev. A 26 2096
[43]	Dharma-wardana M W C, Murillo M S 2008 Phys. Rev. E 77 026401
[44]	Danel J F, Kazandjian L, Zérah G 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 066408
[45]	Horner D A, Lambert F, Kress J D, Collins L A 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 024305
[46]	Hou Y, Jin F T, Yuan J M 2006 Phys. Plasmas 13 093301
[47]	Hou Y, Jin F T, Yuan J M 2007 J Phys.:Condens. Matter 19 425204
[48]	Dai J, Yuan J 2009 Europhys. Lett. 88 20001
[49]	Dai J, Hou Y, Yuan J 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 104 245001
[50]	Dai J, Hou Y, Yuan J 2010 Astrophys. J. 721 1158
[51]	Militzer B 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 155105
[52]	Wunsch K, Vorberger J, Gericke D O 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 010201
[53]	Gericke D O, Wunsch K, Grinenko A, Vorberger J 2010 J. Phys.:Conf. Ser. 220 012001
[54]	Peyrusse O, Mazevet S, Recoules V, Dorchies F, Harmand M, Levy A, Fuchs J, Mancic A, Nakatsutsumi M, Renaudin P, Audebert P 2009 CP, Atomic Processes in Plasmas 1161 200
[55]	Frenkel D, Smit B 1996 Understanding Molecular Simulation (San Diego:Acedemic Press)
[56]	Morse P M 1929 Phys. Rev. 34 57
[57]	Born M, Mayer J E 1931 Z. Phys. 75 1
[58]	Daw M S, Baskes M I 1983 Phys. Rev. Lett. 50 1285
[59]	Finnis M W, Sinclair J E 1984 Philosophic Magazine A 50 45
[60]	Abell G C 1985 Phys. Rev. B 31 6184
[61]	Collins L, Kwon I, Kress J, Troullier N, Lynch D 1995 Phys. Rev. E 52 6202
[62]	Desjarlais M P, Kress J D, Collins L A 2002 Phys. Rev. E 66 025401
[63]	Mazevet S, Clérouin J, Recoules V, Anglade P M, Zérah G 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 085002
[64]	Mazevet S, Desjarlais M P, Collins L A, Kress D, Magee N H 2005 Phys. Rev. E 71 016409
[65]	Clérouin J, Noiret P 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 224203
[66]	Holst B, Redmer R 2008 Phys. Rev. B 77 184201
[67]	Mazevet S, Zérah G 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 155001
[68]	Kohn K, Sham L J 1965 Phys. Rev. 140 A1133
[69]	Born M, Huang K 1954 Dynamical Theory of Crystal Lattice (Oxford:Oxford University Press)
[70]	Hohenberg P, Kohn W 1964 Phys. Rev. B 136 864
[71]	Hansen J P, McDonald I R 1976 Theory of Simple Liquids (Lodon:Academic Press)
[72]	Perdew J P, Kieron B, Matthias E 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 3865
[73]	Lambert F, Clérouin J, Zérah G 2006 Phys. Rev. E 73 016403
[74]	More R M, Warren K H, Young D A, Zimmerman G B 1988 Phys. Fluids 31 3059
[75]	Lyon S P, Johnson J D 1992 SESAME:The Los Alamos National Laboratory Equation of State Database Report No. LA-UR-92-3407
[76]	Bushman A V, Fortov V E 1983 Soviet Phys. Uspek. 26 465
[77]	Godval B K, Sikka S K 1983 Phys. Rep. 102 121
[78]	Basko M M. Metallic 1985 Soviet High Temperat. Phys. 23 388
[79]	Kemp A J, Meyer-ter-Vehn J 1998 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 415 674
[80]	Atzeni S, Meyer-ter-Vehn J 2004 The Physics of Inertial Fusion (New York:Oxford University Press)
[81]	Altshuler L 1965 Soviet Phys. Uspek. 8 52
[82]	Ragan C E 1982 Phys. Rev. A 25 3360
[83]	Vladimirov A S, Voloshin N P, Nogin V N, Petrovtsev A V, Simonenko V A 1984 JETP Lett. 39 82
[84]	Mitchell A C, Nellis W J 1981 J. Appl. Phys. 52 3363
[85]	Hou Y 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Changsha:National University of Defence Technology) (in Chinese)[侯永2009博士学位论文(长沙:国防科学技术大学)]
[86]	Letter R 1955 Phys. Rev. 99 1854
[87]	Perrot F, Dharma-wardana M W C, Benage J 2002 Phys. Rew. E 65 046414
[88]	Hou Y, Yuan J 2009 Phys. Rev. E 79 016402
[89]	Dai J Y 2009 Ph. D. Dissertation (Changsha:National University of Defence Technology) (in Chinese)[戴佳钰2010博士学位论文(长沙:国防科学技术大学)]
[90]	Lambert F, Clérouin J, Mazevet S 2006 Europhys. Lett. 75 681
[91]	Fromy P, Deutsh C, Maynard G 1996 Phys. Plasmas 3 714
[92]	Piron R, Blenski T 2011 Phys. Rev. E 83 026403
[93]	Batani D, Morelli A, Tomasini M, Benuzzi-Mounaix A, Philippe F, Koenig M, Marchet B, Masclet I, Rabec M, Reverdin C, Cauble R, Celliers P, Collins G, Silva L D, Hall T, Moret M, Sacchi B, Baclet P, Cathala B 2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 235502

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