Research progress of multiferroicity in Bi-layered oxide single-crystalline thin films

Zhai Xiao-Fang; Yun Yu; Meng De-Chao; Cui Zhang-Zhang; Huang Hao-Liang; Wang Jian-Lin; Lu Ya-Lin

doi:10.7498/aps.67.20181159

Abstract

Room temperature multiferroics with a single phase is very rare, and magnetic elements doped Bi-layered Aurivillius oxides are an important family of room temperature single phase multiferroics. However, due to the lack of single crystalline samples, the multiferroic related researches of these materials are mostly based on polycrystalline bulk or thin film samples. And the multiferroic characterizations are performed mostly by using the bulk type of samples. Therefore the studies of the origin and mechanism of the multiferroicity of these materials are extremely difficult. Recently, multiple magnetic elements doped singlecrystalline thin films have been successfully prepared, which makes it possible to study the physics mechanism of the Bi-layered Aurivillius oxides of multiferroicity. The current study shows that most of the single-crystalline thin films exhibit in-plane orientated spontaneous ferroelectric polarization and very weak room temperature magnetism. Moreover, at low temperatures the single-crystalline films exhibit a second magnetic transition. The resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments indicate that the doped structure exhibits a changed crystal field split, which may enhance the weak ferromagnetism through Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. On the other hand, the polarized neutron reflectivity experiments reveal that the single-crystalline thin film possesses much weaker room temperature magnetism than the bulk sample, which indicates that the origin of the magnetism and the magnetoelectric coupling in the single-crystalline samples are different from those in the polycrystalline samples. The current study of the multiferroicity in the single-crystalline Bi-layered Aurivillius thin film opens the road to designing better multiferroic systems of the Aurivillius materials.

Keywords:

Authors and contacts

1.
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
2.
National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

Corresponding author: Zhai Xiao-Fang, xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn;yllu@ustc.edu.cn ; Lu Ya-Lin, xfzhai@ustc.edu.cn;yllu@ustc.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51627901), the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2012CB922000), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0401004, 2017YFA0402904), the Anhui Initiative in Quantum Information Technologies (Grant No. AHY100000), and the Open Programs for the Key Science Technology Infrastructures of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

References

[1]	Fiebig M, Lottermoser T, Meier D, Trassin M 2016 Nat. Rev. Mater. 1 16046
[2]	Eerenstein W, Mathur N D, Scott J F 2006 Nature 442 759
[3]	Jia T, Cheng Z, Zhao H, Kimura H 2018 Appl. Phy. Rev. 5 021102
[4]	Wang Y, Hu J, Lin Y, Nan C 2010 NPG Asia Mater. 2 61
[5]	Liu J M, Nan C W 2014 Physics 43 88 (in Chinese) [刘俊明, 南策文 2014 物理 43 88]
[6]	Hu J, Chen L, Nan C 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 15
[7]	Hill N A 2000 J. Phys. Chem. B 104 6694
[8]	Wang J, Neaton J B, Zheng H, Nagarajan V, Ogale S B, Liu B, Viehland D, Vaithyanathan V, Schlom D G, Waghmare U V, Spaldin N A, Rabe K M, Wuttig M, Ramesh R 2003 Science 299 1719
[9]	Khomskii D 2009 Physics 2 20
[10]	Heron J T, Bosse J L, He Q, Gao Y, Trassin M, Ye L, Clarkson J D, Wang C, Liu J, Salahuddin S, Ralph D C, Schlom D G, iguez J, Huey B D, Ramesh R 2014 Nature 516 370
[11]	Ikeda N, Ohsumi H, Ohwada K, Ishii K, Inami T, Kakurai K, Murakami Y, Yoshii K, Mori S, Horibe Y, Kito H 2005 Nature 436 1136
[12]	Kitagawa Y, Hiraoka Y, Honda T, Ishikura T, Nakamura H, Kimura T 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 797
[13]	Lee S, Pirogov A, Kang M, Jang K, Yonemura M, Kamiyama T, Cheong S W, Gozzo F, Shin N, Kimura H, Noda Y, Park J 2008 Nature 451 805
[14]	Dong S, Liu J M, Cheong S W, Ren Z F 2015 Adv. Phys. 64 519
[15]	Xiang H, Wei S, Whangbo M, Da Silva J L F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 037209
[16]	Yu P, Lee J, Okamoto S, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 027201
[17]	Yu P, Chu Y, Ramesh R 2012 Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A 370 4856
[18]	Dong S, Yu R, Yunoki S, Liu J M, Dagotto E 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 155121
[19]	Nan C, Bichurin M, Dong S, Viehland D, Srinivasan G 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 031101
[20]	Li Q, Wang D, Cao Q, Du Y 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 097502
[21]	Niu L, Chen C, Dong X, Xing H, Luo B, Jin K 2016 Chin. Phys. B 25 107701
[22]	Shi Z, Liu X, Li S 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 097601
[23]	Mao X, Wang W, Chen X, Lu Y 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 082901
[24]	Wang J, Fu Z, Peng R, Liu M, Sun S, Huang H, Li L, Knize R J, Lu Y 2015 Mater. Horiz. 2 232
[25]	Keeney L, Maity T, Schmidt M, Amann A, Deepak N, Petkov N, Roy S, Pemble M E, Whatmore R W 2013 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96 2339
[26]	Schmidt M, Amann A, Keeney L, et al. 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 5712
[27]	Sun S, Ling Y, Peng R, Liu M, Mao X, Chen X, Knize R J, Lu Y L 2013 RSC Adv. 3 18567
[28]	Yang J, Tong W, Liu Z, Zhu X, Dai J, Song W, Yang Z, Sun Y 2012 Phys. Rev. B 86 104410
[29]	Yun Y, Zhai X, Ma C, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Express 8 054001
[30]	Yun Y, Ma C, Zhai X, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 011602
[31]	Meng D, Tao S, Huang H, et al. 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 121 114107
[32]	Cui Z, Xu H, Yun Y, et al. 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 120 084101
[33]	Meng D, Zhai X, Ma C, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 212906
[34]	Cui Z, Zhai X, Chuang Y D, et al. 2017 Phys. Rev. B 95 205102
[35]	Zhai X, Grutter A, Yun Y, Cui Z, Lu Y 2018 Phys. Rev. Mater. 2 044405
[36]	Zheng H, Zhan Q, Zavaliche F, Sherburne M, Straub F, Cruz M, Chen L, Dahmen U, Ramesh R 2006 Nano Lett. 6 1401
[37]	Imai A, Cheng X, Xin H, et al. 2013 ACS Nano 7 11079
[38]	Hikita Y, Nishikawa M, Yajima T, Hwang H 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 073101
[39]	Kalinin S, Jesse S, Tselev A, Baddorf A, Balke N 2011 ACS Nano 5 5683
[40]	Watanabe T, Funakubo H 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 051602
[41]	Zhang P, Deepak N, Keeney L, Pemble M, Whatmore R 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 112903
[42]	Kotani A, Shin S 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 203
[43]	Ament L, van Veenendaal M, Devereaux T, Hill P J, van den Brink J 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 705
[44]	Vayssieres L, Sathe C, Butorin S, Shuh D, Nordgren J, Guo J 2005 Adv. Mater. 17 2320
[45]	Monney C, Uldry A, Zhou K, et al. 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 165103
[46]	Yang W, Sorini A, Chen C, et al. 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 014508
[47]	Magnuson M, Butorin S, Guo J, Nordgren J 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 205106
[48]	Marusak L, Messier R, White W 1980 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 41 981
[49]	van Schooneveld M, Kurian R, Juhin A, et al. 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 15218
[50]	de Groot F 2005 Coord. Chem. Rev. 249 31
[51]	Moretti Sala M, Rossi M, Boseggia S, et al. 2014 Phys. Rev. B 89 121101
[52]	Yang J, Yin L, Liu Z, Zhu X, Song W, Dai J, Yang Z, Sun Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 012402
[53]	Palizdar M, Comyn T, Ward M, et al. 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 112 073919
[54]	Liu Z, Yang J, Tang X, Yin H, Zhu X, Dai J, Sun Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 122402
[55]	Li Z, Ma J, Gao Z, et al. 2016 Dalton Trans. 45 14049
[56]	Felcher G 1981 Phys. Rev. B 24 1595
[57]	Penfold J, Thomas R 1990 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2 1369
[58]	Blundell S, Bland J 1992 Phys. Rev. B 46 3391
[59]	Vaz C, Bland J, Lauhoff G 2008 Rep. Prog. Phys. 71 056501
[60]	Kirby B, Kienzle P, Maranville B, Berk N, Krycka J, Heinrich F, Majkrzak C 2012 Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 17 44
[61]	Birenbaum A, Ederer C 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 214109

Cited By

[1]	Fiebig M, Lottermoser T, Meier D, Trassin M 2016 Nat. Rev. Mater. 1 16046
[2]	Eerenstein W, Mathur N D, Scott J F 2006 Nature 442 759
[3]	Jia T, Cheng Z, Zhao H, Kimura H 2018 Appl. Phy. Rev. 5 021102
[4]	Wang Y, Hu J, Lin Y, Nan C 2010 NPG Asia Mater. 2 61
[5]	Liu J M, Nan C W 2014 Physics 43 88 (in Chinese) [刘俊明, 南策文 2014 物理 43 88]
[6]	Hu J, Chen L, Nan C 2016 Adv. Mater. 28 15
[7]	Hill N A 2000 J. Phys. Chem. B 104 6694
[8]	Wang J, Neaton J B, Zheng H, Nagarajan V, Ogale S B, Liu B, Viehland D, Vaithyanathan V, Schlom D G, Waghmare U V, Spaldin N A, Rabe K M, Wuttig M, Ramesh R 2003 Science 299 1719
[9]	Khomskii D 2009 Physics 2 20
[10]	Heron J T, Bosse J L, He Q, Gao Y, Trassin M, Ye L, Clarkson J D, Wang C, Liu J, Salahuddin S, Ralph D C, Schlom D G, iguez J, Huey B D, Ramesh R 2014 Nature 516 370
[11]	Ikeda N, Ohsumi H, Ohwada K, Ishii K, Inami T, Kakurai K, Murakami Y, Yoshii K, Mori S, Horibe Y, Kito H 2005 Nature 436 1136
[12]	Kitagawa Y, Hiraoka Y, Honda T, Ishikura T, Nakamura H, Kimura T 2010 Nat. Mater. 9 797
[13]	Lee S, Pirogov A, Kang M, Jang K, Yonemura M, Kamiyama T, Cheong S W, Gozzo F, Shin N, Kimura H, Noda Y, Park J 2008 Nature 451 805
[14]	Dong S, Liu J M, Cheong S W, Ren Z F 2015 Adv. Phys. 64 519
[15]	Xiang H, Wei S, Whangbo M, Da Silva J L F 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 037209
[16]	Yu P, Lee J, Okamoto S, et al. 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 027201
[17]	Yu P, Chu Y, Ramesh R 2012 Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A 370 4856
[18]	Dong S, Yu R, Yunoki S, Liu J M, Dagotto E 2008 Phys. Rev. B 78 155121
[19]	Nan C, Bichurin M, Dong S, Viehland D, Srinivasan G 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 103 031101
[20]	Li Q, Wang D, Cao Q, Du Y 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 097502
[21]	Niu L, Chen C, Dong X, Xing H, Luo B, Jin K 2016 Chin. Phys. B 25 107701
[22]	Shi Z, Liu X, Li S 2017 Chin. Phys. B 26 097601
[23]	Mao X, Wang W, Chen X, Lu Y 2009 Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 082901
[24]	Wang J, Fu Z, Peng R, Liu M, Sun S, Huang H, Li L, Knize R J, Lu Y 2015 Mater. Horiz. 2 232
[25]	Keeney L, Maity T, Schmidt M, Amann A, Deepak N, Petkov N, Roy S, Pemble M E, Whatmore R W 2013 J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 96 2339
[26]	Schmidt M, Amann A, Keeney L, et al. 2014 Sci. Rep. 4 5712
[27]	Sun S, Ling Y, Peng R, Liu M, Mao X, Chen X, Knize R J, Lu Y L 2013 RSC Adv. 3 18567
[28]	Yang J, Tong W, Liu Z, Zhu X, Dai J, Song W, Yang Z, Sun Y 2012 Phys. Rev. B 86 104410
[29]	Yun Y, Zhai X, Ma C, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Express 8 054001
[30]	Yun Y, Ma C, Zhai X, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 107 011602
[31]	Meng D, Tao S, Huang H, et al. 2017 J. Appl. Phys. 121 114107
[32]	Cui Z, Xu H, Yun Y, et al. 2016 J. Appl. Phys. 120 084101
[33]	Meng D, Zhai X, Ma C, et al. 2015 Appl. Phys. Lett. 106 212906
[34]	Cui Z, Zhai X, Chuang Y D, et al. 2017 Phys. Rev. B 95 205102
[35]	Zhai X, Grutter A, Yun Y, Cui Z, Lu Y 2018 Phys. Rev. Mater. 2 044405
[36]	Zheng H, Zhan Q, Zavaliche F, Sherburne M, Straub F, Cruz M, Chen L, Dahmen U, Ramesh R 2006 Nano Lett. 6 1401
[37]	Imai A, Cheng X, Xin H, et al. 2013 ACS Nano 7 11079
[38]	Hikita Y, Nishikawa M, Yajima T, Hwang H 2009 Phys. Rev. B 79 073101
[39]	Kalinin S, Jesse S, Tselev A, Baddorf A, Balke N 2011 ACS Nano 5 5683
[40]	Watanabe T, Funakubo H 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 100 051602
[41]	Zhang P, Deepak N, Keeney L, Pemble M, Whatmore R 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 112903
[42]	Kotani A, Shin S 2001 Rev. Mod. Phys. 73 203
[43]	Ament L, van Veenendaal M, Devereaux T, Hill P J, van den Brink J 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 705
[44]	Vayssieres L, Sathe C, Butorin S, Shuh D, Nordgren J, Guo J 2005 Adv. Mater. 17 2320
[45]	Monney C, Uldry A, Zhou K, et al. 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 165103
[46]	Yang W, Sorini A, Chen C, et al. 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 014508
[47]	Magnuson M, Butorin S, Guo J, Nordgren J 2002 Phys. Rev. B 65 205106
[48]	Marusak L, Messier R, White W 1980 J. Phys. Chem. Solids 41 981
[49]	van Schooneveld M, Kurian R, Juhin A, et al. 2012 J. Phys. Chem. C 116 15218
[50]	de Groot F 2005 Coord. Chem. Rev. 249 31
[51]	Moretti Sala M, Rossi M, Boseggia S, et al. 2014 Phys. Rev. B 89 121101
[52]	Yang J, Yin L, Liu Z, Zhu X, Song W, Dai J, Yang Z, Sun Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 012402
[53]	Palizdar M, Comyn T, Ward M, et al. 2012 J. Appl. Phys. 112 073919
[54]	Liu Z, Yang J, Tang X, Yin H, Zhu X, Dai J, Sun Y 2012 Appl. Phys. Lett. 101 122402
[55]	Li Z, Ma J, Gao Z, et al. 2016 Dalton Trans. 45 14049
[56]	Felcher G 1981 Phys. Rev. B 24 1595
[57]	Penfold J, Thomas R 1990 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 2 1369
[58]	Blundell S, Bland J 1992 Phys. Rev. B 46 3391
[59]	Vaz C, Bland J, Lauhoff G 2008 Rep. Prog. Phys. 71 056501
[60]	Kirby B, Kienzle P, Maranville B, Berk N, Krycka J, Heinrich F, Majkrzak C 2012 Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 17 44
[61]	Birenbaum A, Ederer C 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 214109

[1]	Peng Ruo-Bo, Dong Guo-Hua, Liu Ming. Research progress of applications of freestanding single crystal oxide thin film. Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 72(9): 098502. doi: 10.7498/aps.72.20222382
[2]	Wang Zhe, Xu Jie-Min, Wang Wen-Jun, Li He-Xuan, Zou You-Ming, Yu Lu, Qu Zhe. Electron spin resonance study of spin fluctuation in multiferroic MnSb₂O₆. Acta Physica Sinica, 2022, 71(1): 017501. doi: 10.7498/aps.71.20211465
[3]	Yu Xiao-Yang, Feng Hong-Lei, Gu Gang-Xu, Liu Yong-He, Li Zhi-Lin, Xu Tong-Shuai, Li Yong-Qing. Andreev reflection spectroscopy of ferromagnetic Fe_0.26TaS₂ with layered structure. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(24): 247201. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20191221
[4]	Wang Xin, Li Hua, Dong Zheng-Chao, Zhong Chong-Gui. Magnetism and electronic properties of LiFeAs superconducting thin filma under two-dimensional strains effect. Acta Physica Sinica, 2019, 68(2): 027401. doi: 10.7498/aps.68.20180957
[5]	Wang Jian-Yuan, Bai Jian-Ying, Luo Bing-Cheng, Wang Shuan-Hu, Jin Ke-Xin, Chen Chang-Le. Magneto-induced polarization enhancement and magneto-dielectric properties in oxygen deficient La0.67Sr0.33MnO3-/BaTiO3 composite film. Acta Physica Sinica, 2018, 67(1): 017701. doi: 10.7498/aps.67.20172019
[6]	Sun Xiao-Dong, Xu Bao, Wu Hong-Ye, Cao Feng-Ze, Zhao Jian-Jun, Lu Yi. Magnetic entropy change and electrical transport properties of rare earth Tb doped manganites La4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(15): 157501. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.157501
[7]	Yang Zhi, Zhang Yue, Zhou Qian-Qian, Wang Yu-Hua. Electric-field control of magnetic properties of Fe3O4 single-crystal film investigated by micro-magnetic simulation. Acta Physica Sinica, 2017, 66(13): 137501. doi: 10.7498/aps.66.137501
[8]	Wu Li-Qian, Qi Wei-Hua, Li Yu-Chen, Li Shi-Qiang, Li Zhuang-Zhi, Xue Li-Chao, Ge Xing-Shuo, Ding Li-Li. Influence of thermal treatment on the ionic valence and the magnetic structure of perovskite manganites La0.95Sr0.05MnO3. Acta Physica Sinica, 2016, 65(2): 027501. doi: 10.7498/aps.65.027501
[9]	Wang Qin, Wang Yi-Lun, Wang Hao, Sun Hui, Mao Xiang-Yu, Chen Xiao-Bing. Effect of doping Pr on multiferroic properties of Bi5Fe0.5Co0.5Ti3O15 ceramics at room temperature. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(14): 147701. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.147701
[10]	Wan Su-Lei, He Li-Min, Xiang Jun-You, Wang Zhi-Guo, Xing Ru, Zhang Xue-Feng, Lu Yi, Zhao Jian-Jun. Magnetic and transport properties of bilayered perovskite manganites (La0.8Eu0.2)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(23): 237501. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.237501
[11]	He Li-Min, Ji Yu, Lu Yi, Wu Hong-Ye, Zhang Xue-Feng, Zhao Jian-Jun. Magnetic and transport properties of layered perovskite manganites (La1-xEu x)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7(x=0, 0.15). Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(14): 147503. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.147503
[12]	Yang Hong, Qi Wei-Hua, Ji Deng-Hui, Shang Zhi-Feng, Zhang Xiao-Yun, Xu Jing, Lang Li-Li, Tang Gui-De. Structure and magnetic properties of perovskite manganites La2/3Sr1/3FexMn1-xO 3. Acta Physica Sinica, 2014, 63(8): 087503. doi: 10.7498/aps.63.087503
[13]	Yang Yu-Qi, Gao Qing-Qing, Li Guan-Nan. Structure transformation and magnetisms in Ho2Ni7-xFex compounds. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(1): 016103. doi: 10.7498/aps.62.016103
[14]	Du Yin, Wang Wen-Hong, Zhang Xiao-Ming, Liu En-Ke, Wu Guang-Heng. Structural, magnetic, transport, and half-metallic properties of Fe2Co1-xCrxSi Heusler alloys. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(14): 147304. doi: 10.7498/aps.61.147304
[15]	Zhong Chong-Gui, Jiang Qing, Fang Jing-Huai, Ge Cun-Wang. Magnetoelectric coupling and magnetoelectric properties of single-phase ABO3 type multiferroic materials. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(5): 3491-3496. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.3491
[16]	Zhong Chong-Gui, Jiang Qing, Fang Jing-Huai, Jiang Xue-Fan, Luo Li-Jin. Electric-field-induced magnetization in 1-3 type multiferroic nanocomposite thin film. Acta Physica Sinica, 2009, 58(10): 7227-7234. doi: 10.7498/aps.58.7227
[17]	Han Li-An, Chen Chang-Le, Dong Hui-Ying, Wang Jian-Yuan, Gao Guo-Mian, Luo Bing-Cheng. Magnetic and electrical properties of layered perovskite La1.3Sr1.7Mn1-xCuxO7. Acta Physica Sinica, 2008, 57(1): 541-544. doi: 10.7498/aps.57.541
[18]	Guo Hong-Yong, Liu Bao-Dan, Tang Ning, Luo Hong-Zhi, Li Yang-Xian, Yang Fu-Ming, Wu Guang-Heng. The effect of Co substitution and stabilizing element on the structure and magnetic properties of Nd3(Fe,Co,M)29(M=Ti,V,Cr) compounds. Acta Physica Sinica, 2004, 53(1): 189-193. doi: 10.7498/aps.53.189
[19]	Lu Yi, Li Qing-An, Di Nai-Li, Cheng Zhao-Hua. Doping effect from substituting Fe for Mn in Nd0.5Sr0.4Pb 0.1Mn1-xFexO3(x=0.0—0.1) compounds. Acta Physica Sinica, 2003, 52(6): 1520-1523. doi: 10.7498/aps.52.1520
[20]	ZHU CHUAN-GANG, XU PENG-SHOU, LU ER-DONG, XU FA-QIANG, PAN HAI-BIN. INFLUENCE OF CH3CSNH2 PASSIVATION ON INTERFACE DIFFUSION BETWEEN FERROMAGNETIC METALS AND GaAs. Acta Physica Sinica, 2001, 50(11): 2212-2216. doi: 10.7498/aps.50.2212

Catalog

Vol. 67, Issue 15 - 2018-08-05

Metrics

Abstract views: 7008
PDF Downloads: 304
Cited By: 0

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

Search

Article

留言板