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The Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller (DLCZ) process in the atomic ensemble is an important means to generate quantum correlation and entanglement between photons and atoms (quantum interface). When a write pulse acts on atoms, the DLCZ quantum memory process will be generated, which has been extensively studied. In the process a spontaneous Raman scattering (SRS) of a Stokes photon is generated, and a spin-wave excitation stored in the atomic ensemble is created at the same time. The higher probability of the generation of Stokes photons will cause more noise and reduce entanglement. On the contrary, the low generation probability of Stokes photons affects the success probability of entanglement distribution on a quantum repeater. How to increase generation probability of Stokes photons without causing more noise is an urgent problem to be resolved. In this work, a 87Rb atomic ensemble is placed in a standing wave cavity which resonates with the Stokes photon. This cavity has a trip length of 0.6 m and a free spectral range (FSR) of 256 MHz. The optical loss of all the optical elements in this cavity is 9%, of which 4% loss originates from the other optical elements and 5% loss from the vacuum chamber of the magneto-optical trap (MOT). The fineness of the cavity with the cold atoms is measured to be ~19.1. By calculating the total probability of Stokes photon emission out of the cavity, we derive the enhancement factor of this standing wave cavity when the cavity loss is l. When this cavity is locked with PDH frequency locking technique, we observe that the production probability of the Stokes photons is 8.7 times higher than that without cavity due to the optical cavity enhancement effect. Under this condition, the relationship between the generation probability of Stokes photons and the power of write beam is studied. The write excitation probability changes linearly with the power of write beam. This work provides an experimental solution to reducing the noise caused by time multimode operation in DLCZ scheme.
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Keywords:
- Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller protocol /
- spontaneous Raman scattering (SRS) /
- Stokes photon /
- standing wave cavity
[1] Sangouard N, Simon C, de Riedmatten H, Gisin N 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 33Google Scholar
[2] Yuan Z S, Chen Y A, Zhao B, Chen S, Schmiedmayer J, Pan J W 2008 Nature 454 1098Google Scholar
[3] Duan L M, Lukin M D, Cirac J I, Zoller P 2001 Nature 414 413Google Scholar
[4] Gisin N, Ribordy G, Tittle W, Zbinden H 2002 Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 145Google Scholar
[5] Bao X H, Reingruber A, Dietrich P, Rui J, Dück A, Strassel T, Li L, Liu N L, Zhao B, Pan J W 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 517Google Scholar
[6] Chen S, Chen Y A, Strassel T, Yuan Z S, Zhao B, Schmiedmayer J, Pan J W 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 173004Google Scholar
[7] Chen S, Chen Y A, Zhao B, Yuan Z S, Schmiedmayer J, Pan J W 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 180505Google Scholar
[8] Kuzmich A, Bowen W P, Boozer A D, Boca A, Chou C W, Duan L M, Kimble H J 2003 Nature 423 731Google Scholar
[9] Matsukevich D N, Chaneliere T, Bhattacharya M, et al. 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 040405Google Scholar
[10] Matsukevich D N, Chaneliere T, Jenkins S D, et al. 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 013601Google Scholar
[11] Simon J, Tanji H, Thompson J K, Vuletic V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 183601Google Scholar
[12] Zhao B, Chen Y A, Bao X H, et al. 2008 Nat. Phys. 5 95Google Scholar
[13] Zhao R, Dudin Y O, Jenkins S D, et al. 2008 Nat. Phys. 5 100Google Scholar
[14] de Riedmatten H, Laurat J, Chou C W, et al. 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 113603Google Scholar
[15] Matsukevich D N, Chaneliere T, Jenkins S D, Lan S Y, Kennedy T A, Kuzmich A 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 030405Google Scholar
[16] Yang S J, Wang X J, Li J, Rui J, Bao X H, Pan J W 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 210501Google Scholar
[17] Korzh B, Lim C C W, Houlmann R, et al. 2015 Nat. Photonics 9 163Google Scholar
[18] Yin H L, Chen T Y, Yu Z W, et al. 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 190501Google Scholar
[19] Collins M J, Xiong C, Rey I H, et al. 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2582Google Scholar
[20] Xiong C, Zhang X, Liu Z, et al. 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 10853Google Scholar
[21] Tian L, Xu Z, Chen L, Ge W, Yuan H, Wen Y, Wang S, Li S, Wang H 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 130505Google Scholar
[22] Wen Y, Zhou P, Xu Z, Yuan L, Zhang H, Wang S, Tian L, Li S, Wang H 2019 Phys. Rev. A 100 012342Google Scholar
[23] Simon C, de Riedmatten H, Afzelius M 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 010304(RGoogle Scholar
[24] Heller L, Farrera P, Heinze G, de Riedmatten H 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 210504Google Scholar
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图 1
${}^{87}{\rm{Rb}}$ 实验能级图 (a)表示SRS中的写过程, W表示写光光场,${\sigma ^ + }$ (${\sigma ^ - }$ )代表左(右)旋圆偏振的Stokes光子Figure 1. Relevant
${}^{87}{\rm{Rb}}$ atomic levels. (a) is the writing process of the SRS process, The coupling light field are writing light field(W),${\sigma ^ + }$ (${\sigma ^ - }$ ) represents left (right) polarization of Stokes.图 2 实验装置图. 其中PZT代表压电陶瓷; CM表示腔镜; BS表示分束镜; Filter表示标准具滤波器;
$\lambda /4$ ,$\lambda /2$ 分别代表四分之一玻片和二分之一玻片; PBS为偏振分束棱镜; PD表示单光子探测器Figure 2. Experimental setup. PZT represents the piezoelectric ceramic transducer; CM, cavity mirror; BS, beam splitter; Filter, F-P etalon;
$\lambda /4$ ,$\lambda /2$ , quarter wave plate and half wave plate; PBS, polarization beam splitter; PD, single photon detector. -
[1] Sangouard N, Simon C, de Riedmatten H, Gisin N 2011 Rev. Mod. Phys. 83 33Google Scholar
[2] Yuan Z S, Chen Y A, Zhao B, Chen S, Schmiedmayer J, Pan J W 2008 Nature 454 1098Google Scholar
[3] Duan L M, Lukin M D, Cirac J I, Zoller P 2001 Nature 414 413Google Scholar
[4] Gisin N, Ribordy G, Tittle W, Zbinden H 2002 Rev. Mod. Phys. 74 145Google Scholar
[5] Bao X H, Reingruber A, Dietrich P, Rui J, Dück A, Strassel T, Li L, Liu N L, Zhao B, Pan J W 2012 Nat. Phys. 8 517Google Scholar
[6] Chen S, Chen Y A, Strassel T, Yuan Z S, Zhao B, Schmiedmayer J, Pan J W 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 173004Google Scholar
[7] Chen S, Chen Y A, Zhao B, Yuan Z S, Schmiedmayer J, Pan J W 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 180505Google Scholar
[8] Kuzmich A, Bowen W P, Boozer A D, Boca A, Chou C W, Duan L M, Kimble H J 2003 Nature 423 731Google Scholar
[9] Matsukevich D N, Chaneliere T, Bhattacharya M, et al. 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 040405Google Scholar
[10] Matsukevich D N, Chaneliere T, Jenkins S D, et al. 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 013601Google Scholar
[11] Simon J, Tanji H, Thompson J K, Vuletic V 2007 Phys. Rev. Lett. 98 183601Google Scholar
[12] Zhao B, Chen Y A, Bao X H, et al. 2008 Nat. Phys. 5 95Google Scholar
[13] Zhao R, Dudin Y O, Jenkins S D, et al. 2008 Nat. Phys. 5 100Google Scholar
[14] de Riedmatten H, Laurat J, Chou C W, et al. 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 97 113603Google Scholar
[15] Matsukevich D N, Chaneliere T, Jenkins S D, Lan S Y, Kennedy T A, Kuzmich A 2006 Phys. Rev. Lett. 96 030405Google Scholar
[16] Yang S J, Wang X J, Li J, Rui J, Bao X H, Pan J W 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 210501Google Scholar
[17] Korzh B, Lim C C W, Houlmann R, et al. 2015 Nat. Photonics 9 163Google Scholar
[18] Yin H L, Chen T Y, Yu Z W, et al. 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 190501Google Scholar
[19] Collins M J, Xiong C, Rey I H, et al. 2013 Nat. Commun. 4 2582Google Scholar
[20] Xiong C, Zhang X, Liu Z, et al. 2016 Nat. Commun. 7 10853Google Scholar
[21] Tian L, Xu Z, Chen L, Ge W, Yuan H, Wen Y, Wang S, Li S, Wang H 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 130505Google Scholar
[22] Wen Y, Zhou P, Xu Z, Yuan L, Zhang H, Wang S, Tian L, Li S, Wang H 2019 Phys. Rev. A 100 012342Google Scholar
[23] Simon C, de Riedmatten H, Afzelius M 2010 Phys. Rev. A 82 010304(RGoogle Scholar
[24] Heller L, Farrera P, Heinze G, de Riedmatten H 2020 Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 210504Google Scholar
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