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A method of estimating the explosion sound source energy is proposed by combining atmospheric sound field simulation with mid- and short-range overpressure amplitude attenuation model. Aiming at the problem that the traditional sound source energy estimation formula fails to make full use of the atmospheric parameters and the estimation error is too large, through numerically simulating the propagation loss in the atmosphere, the correction effectiveness of the atmospheric parameters to the sound source energy estimation is greatly improved and the estimation accuracy of the sound source energy is enhanced. In the surface chemical explosion experiment, the infrasound is used to receive the signal from 300 km to 2500 km away. A comparison of energy estimation effectiveness between the traditional energy estimation formula and the energy estimation method based on atmospheric sound field simulation of the explosion sound source is made. The experimental results indicate that this method is effective in improving the robustness of yield estimation in comparison with the traditional yield estimation method.
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Keywords:
- source energy estimation /
- nonlinear progressive wave equation /
- middle range overpressure attenuation model
[1] Clauter D, Blandford R 1998 Proceedings of the Infrasound Workshop for CTBT Monitoring Santa Fe, New Mexico, August 25–28, 1997, LANL report number LA-UR-98-56
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Yang X R, Chen Y 2007 Atmospheric Acoustic (Beijing: Science Press) pp52–59 (in Chinese)
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Qian Z W 2009 Nonlinear Acoustic (Beijing: Science Press) pp33–35 (in Chinese)
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Google Scholar
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Fu Z F, Hu Y Q 1995 Numerical Simulation of Space Plasma (Hefei: Anhui Science and Technology Press) pp103, 104 (in Chinese)
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Yang X, Shi S Q, Cheng P F 2008 Blasting 25 15
Google Scholar
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图 1 各衰减模型与实测数据对比
Figure 1. Comparison of each attenuation model with measured data.
图 2 4个主要传播方向的NPE传播模拟结果 (a)方位角14°方向的传播损失分布; (b)方位角50°方向的传播损失分布; (c)方位角95.5°方向的传播损失分布; (d)方位角113°方向的传播损失分布
Figure 2. NPE propagation simulations in four main propagation directions: (a) Propagation loss distribution in the azimuth of 14°; (b) propagation loss distribution in the azimuth of 50°; (c) propagation loss distribution in the azimuth of 95.5°; (d) distribution of propagation loss in the azimuth of 113°.
图 3 估计误差随参考距离选取变化图
Figure 3. Error changes with reference distances.
表 1 2011年Sayarim实验各接收点数据与参数
Table 1. Parameters of each array in Sayarim experiment in 2011.
站点 声压 距离 方位角 修正风速 Prt/Pa r/km $ \phi /(°) $ V50/(m·s–1) IN1 1.5 308.3 14.4 9.17 IN2 1 330 14.1 9.06 JO_NE 1 433.8 50.2 19.14 KU 0.25 1252.8 95.5 21.18 QA 0.25 1688.1 114 18.19 OM_N 0.05 2420.2 112.1 18.59 
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表 2 参考距离为7, 20 km时声源能量估计结果对比
Table 2. Comparison between sound source energy estimation results at reference distance of 7, 20 km
站点 声压 能量 误差/% 能量 误差/% Prt/Pa ${\widehat{W} }_{7~\mathrm{k}\mathrm{m} }/\mathrm{t}$ $ {\widehat{W}}_{20\; \mathrm{k}\mathrm{m}}/\mathrm{t} $ IN1 1.5 8.99 21 37.34 405 IN2 1 5.54 –25 23.00 211 JO_NE 1 0.93 –87 4.21 –43 KU 0.25 0.34 –95 1.61 –78 QA 0.25 6.97 –6 33.28 350 OM_N 0.05 5.35 –28 25.55 245
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表 3 2011年Sayarim实验声源能量估计结果对比
Table 3. Comparison between sound source energy estimation results in Sayarim experiment in 2011.
站点 声压 LANL
估计值误差/% NPE_MR
估计值误差/% Prt/Pa ${\widehat{ {W} } }_{\mathrm{L}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{L} }/\mathrm{t}$ ${\widehat{W} }_{7~\mathrm{k}\mathrm{m} }/\mathrm{t}$ IN1 1.5 217.07 2833 8.99 21 IN2 1 137.88 1763 5.54 –25 JO_NE 1 131.58 1678 0.93 –87 KU 0.25 126.76 1613 0.34 –95 QA 0.25 274.45 3609 6.97 –6 OM_N 0.05 51.52 599 5.35 –28
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[1] Clauter D, Blandford R 1998 Proceedings of the Infrasound Workshop for CTBT Monitoring Santa Fe, New Mexico, August 25–28, 1997, LANL report number LA-UR-98-56
[2] [3] Stevens J L, Divnov I I, Adams A A, Murphy J R, Bourchik V N 2002 Pure Appl. Geophys. 159 1045
Google Scholar
[4] Kulichkov S 2002 Izv. Atmos. Oceanic Phys. 38 582
[5] 杨训仁, 陈宇 2007 大气声学 (北京: 科学出版社) 第52—59页
Yang X R, Chen Y 2007 Atmospheric Acoustic (Beijing: Science Press) pp52–59 (in Chinese)
[6] 余师倩 2012 硕士学位论文 (武汉: 武汉大学)
Yu S Q 2012 M. S. Thesis (Wuhan: Wuhan University) (in Chinese)
[7] Edward M B, Piacsek A A 2011 J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130 2648
Google Scholar
[8] Whitaker R W, Norris D E 2008 Handbook of Signal Processing in Acoustics (New York: Springer) pp1497–1519
[9] 钱祖文 2009 非线性声学 (北京: 科学出版社) 第33—35页
Qian Z W 2009 Nonlinear Acoustic (Beijing: Science Press) pp33–35 (in Chinese)
[10] Mcdonald B E 2000 Wave Motion 31 165
Google Scholar
[11] 傅竹风, 胡友秋 1995 空间等离子体数值模拟 (合肥: 安徽科学技术出版社) 第103, 104页
Fu Z F, Hu Y Q 1995 Numerical Simulation of Space Plasma (Hefei: Anhui Science and Technology Press) pp103, 104 (in Chinese)
[12] Védy E 2002 Noise Control Eng. J. 50 211
Google Scholar
[13] Collino F 1997 J. Comput. Phys. 131 164
Google Scholar
[14] Kim K, Rodgers A 2016 Geophys. Res. Lett. 43 6883
Google Scholar
[15] Kinney G F, Graham K J 2013 Explosive Shocks in Air (New York: Springer Science & Business Media) pp88–98
[16] Le Pichon A, Blanc E, Hauchecorne A 2019 Infrasound Monitoring for Atmospheric Studies (Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland AG) pp273–277
[17] 杨鑫, 石少卿, 程鹏飞 2008 爆破 25 15
Google Scholar
Yang X, Shi S Q, Cheng P F 2008 Blasting 25 15
Google Scholar
[18] 王儒策, 赵国志 1993 弹丸终点效应 (北京: 北京理工大学出版社) 第75—77页
Wang R C, Zhao G Z 1993 Terminal Effect of Projectile (Beijing: Beijing Institute of Technology Press) pp75–77 (in Chinese)
[19] [20] Fee D, Waxler R, Assink J, Gitterman Y, Given J, Coyne J, Mialle P, Garces M, Drob D, Kleinert D 2013 J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 118 6122
Google Scholar
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