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The low-grazing-angle reflection from an elastic sediment seabed exhibits singularly enhanced frequency characteristics, which significantly influence long-range sound propagation in shallow water. To study the influence of elastic sedimentary layer seabed environment on long-range sound propagation in shallow waters, we conducted a joint measurement of seabed and waveguide sound propagation experiment in the Dongsha area of the South China Sea. The experiment recorded the simultaneous occurrence of seabed resonance and the sound siphon effect for the first time. Notably, this effect differs from the sound siphon effect observed in low-sound-speed seabed environments, as it exhibits smaller frequency intervals. By analyzing the low-grazing-angle reflection characteristics of the elastic seabed, we derived a theoretical model for the resonance frequencies of shear waves in elastic sediment layers under small grazing angles and investigated their impact on long-range sound propagation. The results demonstrate that under an elastic seabed model, the low-grazing-angle reflection modulated by shear waves induces resonance at specific frequencies within the sediment layer. This traps acoustic energy in the seabed, leading to the sound siphon effect. Furthermore, we analyzed the sensitivity and coupling of key parameters related to shear-wave resonance frequencies. Based on these findings, we developed an inversion strategy that integrates seabed and waveguide observations to estimate geo-acoustic parameters of the experimental area. The inversion results validate the mechanism by which the elastic seabed model contributes to the sound siphon effect in the water column.
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