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Abstract: Structure and morphology of single-crystalline hcp Co nanowires fabricated by electrodeposition were investigated in detail by various x_ray diffraction method s. The results confirm that the Co nanowires can be deposited in single crystall ine with the same crystal orientation of [100] along the longitudinal axes. The arrays were composed from those nanowires preferentially in [100] direction with very high parallelity, but the [001] axis of the nanowires randomly lies in the array plane. By slightly higher depositing voltage, some twisted deformat ion could happen in the nanowires with chiral behavior. A twisted model has been brought forward to explain the experimental results. Magnetization properties m easured by superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer at 300K indi cated that the twisted lattices in the wire significantly affected the anisotrop y of the nanowires due to the magnetoelastic effect, and consequently, the magne tic easy axis can be tuned to the longitudinal direction effectively.