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利用国际脉冲星计时阵（IPTA）第二次释放的版本A中62颗脉冲星计时资料构建了综合脉冲星时EPT62。EPT62的构建充分考虑了每颗星的计时噪声，采用包括Cholesky变换的加权广义最小二乘算法，提取出国际原子时TAI的误差信号EPT62-TAI。国际权度局（BIPM）实时性地发布原子频率基准与TAI的频率差数据，为时间标准的构建提供定义国际单位制SI秒的频率基准。采用结合平滑滤波器能够将EPT62-TAI跟原子频率基准与TAI的频率差结合起来，从而得到脉冲星时与原子频率基准结合的时间标准CPA。描述了CPA构建过程，详细比较了CPA与BIPM构建的地球时的性能。CPA具有综合脉冲星时的长期频率稳定度，又有原子频率基准的准确度，因而也可用作地球时。最后，简洁地给出问题讨论与结论。A new time-scale EPT62 has been constructed based on the observations of 62 millisecond pulsars in the Version A of second data release from the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA). Timing noise was analysed carefully for each pulsar and then weighted generalised least square algorithm through Cholesly transformatin was carried out to extract clock error of referenced international atomic time-scale (TAI). The EPT62 spans 29 years and the lock difference EPT62-TAI is given in the Fig. 1. The clock fifference between terrestrial time TT(BIPM2015) and TAI is also shown in the Fig.1. EPT62-TAI and TT(BIPM2015)-TAI show generally similar trends except early few data ponts. Because available observational data are much sparse before MJD 50215 the corresponding EPT62-TAI data points in this period have lager errorbar. The frequency difference data between primary and secondary frequency standards (psfs) and TAI were published in real-time by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) to supply frequency standard defining SI second for constructing time-scale. The combined smoothing filter was employed to combine clock difference EPT62-TAI and frequency difference between frequency standards and TAI. Then pulsar time and atomic frequency standards combined time-scale (CPA) was derived through the combined smoothing filter. The clock difference CPA-TAI is shown with black curve in the Fig. 1. For the frequency difference curves of psfs-TAI clock difference before and after combined smoothing see Fig. 5 in the text. The constructing process of the CPA was discribed. The property of the CPA was compared in detail with terrestrial time TT(BIPMxxxx). The CPA combined long term frequecy stabily of the EPT62 and acuracy of the atomic frequency standards. In general the property of the CPA is compatible to TT(BIPMxxxx). The comparison of fractional frequecy stability σz curves for EPT62-TAI, CPA-TAI and TT(BIPM2015)-TAI is shown in the Fig. 4 in the text. The CPA can also be used as terrestrial time as TT(BIPMxxxx). Terrestrial time TT(BIPMxxxx) is available one year later whereas CPT may be computed and kept in “real-time” in the future. Finally a brief discussion and some conclusions are given.
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Keywords:
- atomic time /
- frequency standard /
- millisecond pulsar /
- pulsar time /
- time-scale
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