基于能量守恒框架下的波动力学理论研究

王秀明; 周吟秋

doi:10.7498/aps.72.20212272

摘要

基于波动力学的基本概念, 提出了在能量守恒框架下建立波动力学方程的新思路与方法. 首先, 回顾了用牛顿第二定律推导波动力学方程, 同时回顾并分析了利用Hamilton变分原理, 推导了在连续介质中的Lagrange方程、Hamilton正则方程, 以及相应的波动力学方程; 其次, 在能量守恒的框架下, 建立了连续介质的Lagrange方程、Hamilton正则方程和波动力学方程, 并证明其结果与利用经典力学推导的结果的一致性, 特别地, 澄清了用Hamilton变分原理建立保守系统下连续介质的Lagrange方程和Hamilton正则方程时在边界条件应用时的一些模糊认识. 在能量守恒框架下建立一系列动力学方程, 为我们在不涉及泛函求极值的变分原理等基础上刻画和表述复杂介质中波动现象的演化规律提供了另一种途径, 也深入探讨了最小作用原理的物理本质. 最后, 在能量守恒的框架下给出了建立黏弹性介质中的波动力学微分方程的应用.

关键词:

Abstract

Based on the analysis of establishing dynamic equations by using Newton's mechanics, Lagrange's, and Hamilton's mechanics, a new idea of establishing elastodynamic equations under the framework of energy conservation is proposed. Firstly, Newton’s second law is used to derive wave equations of motion. Secondly, Lagrange's equation, Hamilton's canonical equations, and the corresponding dynamical equations in a continuum medium are derived by using Hamilton’s variational principle. Thirdly, under the framework of energy conservation, Lagrange's equation, Hamilton's canonical equations, and the acoustic dynamic equations of the continuum are established, and the results are proved to be consistent with those derived from classical mechanics. Some fuzzy understandings when using Hamilton's variational principle to establish Lagrange’s equation and Hamilton’s canonical equation, are clarified. A series of dynamical equations established under the framework of energy conservation provides an alternative way to characterize and represent the propagation characteristics of wave motions in various complex media without involving the variational principle of functional extremum. Finally, as an application example, the differential equation of elastodynamics in a viscoelastic medium is given under the framework of energy conservation.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

王秀明^1,2,3,
周吟秋^1,2,3

1.
中国科学院声学研究所声场与声信息国家重点实验室, 北京　100190

2.
中国科学院大学物理学院, 北京　100149

3.
北京市海洋深部钻探测量工程技术研究中心, 北京　100190

通信作者: 周吟秋, zhouyinqiu@mail.ioa.ac.cn

Authors and contacts

1.
National Lab. of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics in Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

2.
School of Physics Sciences, the University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100149, China

3.
Beijing Engineering Research Center for Offshore Drilling Exploration and Measurement, Beijing 100190, China

Corresponding author: Zhou Yin-Qiu, zhouyinqiu@mail.ioa.ac.cn

文章全文

参考文献

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施引文献

图 1 物理模型示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of physical model.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Gurtin M E 1964 Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 16 34 Google Scholar
[2]	Tiersten H F 1969 Linear Piezoelectric Plate Vibrations (New York: Plenum Press) pp33–35, pp43–46
[3]	Achenbach J D 1975 Wave Propagation in Elastic Solids (Netherland: Elsevier) pp51–65
[4]	Babich V M, Kiselev A P 2015 Elastic Waves High Frequency Theory (Boca Raton: CRC Press) pp8–10
[5]	Shtrikman Z S 1962 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 10 335 Google Scholar
[6]	张海澜 1985 声学学报 10 223 Zhang H L 1985 Acta Acustica 10 223
[7]	Shen H C, Li S M 2006 Classical Mechanics (Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China Press) pp233, 240 (in Chinese) [沈惠川, 李书明 2006 经典力学(合肥: 中国科学技术大学出版社) 第233, 240页
[8]	EerNisse E P, Holland R 1967 Proceedings of the IEEE p1524
[9]	Luan P 2018 J. Phys. Commun. 2 075016 Google Scholar
[10]	Civelek C, Bechteler T F 2008 Int. J. Eng. Sci. 46 1218 Google Scholar
[11]	Luan P 2020 Crystals 10 863 Google Scholar
[12]	Gueorguiev V G, Maeder A 2021 Symmetry 13 522 Google Scholar
[13]	Moiseiwitsch B L 2004 Variational Principles (New York: Dover Publications) pp82–83
[14]	Cline D 2019 Variational Principles in Classic Mechanics (Rochester: University of Rochester) pp181–184, 443
[15]	唐立民 1991 计算结构力学及其应用 8 343 Google Scholar Tang L M 1991 Chin. J. Comput. Mech. 8 343 Google Scholar
[16]	Landau L D, Lifshitz E M 1976 Mechanics (Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann) p14, 131
[17]	Lanczos C 1986 The Variational Principles of Mechanics (4th Ed.) (New York: Dover) pp120–122
[18]	Arnold I V 1997 Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics (2nd Ed.) (New York: Springer) pp59–60
[19]	Goldstein H, Poole C P, Safko J L 2013 Classical Mechanics (3rd Ed.) (Essex: Pearson Education Limited) p35
[20]	Morita S 2016 World J. Mech. 6 84 Google Scholar
[21]	Huang Y C 2003 Mech. Res. Commun. 30 567 Google Scholar
[22]	黄永畅 2005 物理学报 54 3473 Google Scholar Huang Y C 2005 Acta. Phys. Sin. 54 3473 Google Scholar
[23]	Huang Y C, Lee X G, Shao M X 2006 Mod. Phys. Lett. A 21 1107 Google Scholar
[24]	Huang C and Huang Y C 2020 doi: 10.20944/preprints202008.0334.v3
[25]	Bondar D I, Cabrera R, Lompay R R, Ivanov M Y, Rabitz H A 2012 Phys. Rev. Lett. 109 190403 Google Scholar
[26]	Morse P M, Feshbach H 1953 Methods of Theoretical Physics (York: The Maple Press Company) pp151, 280–304
[27]	Kim J, Dargush G F, Ju Y K 2013 Int. J. Solids Struct. 50 3418 Google Scholar
[28]	Riewe F 1996 Phys. Rev. E. 53 1890 Google Scholar
[29]	林旭升 2002 汕头大学学报(自然科学版) 17 63 Lin X S 2002 J. Shantou Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 17 63
[30]	张海澜 2012 理论声学(修订版) (北京: 高等教育出版社) 第12页 Zhang H L 2012 Theoretical Acoustics (Beijing: Higher Education Press) p12 (in Chinese)
[31]	Zhou P 2015 arXiv: 1512.04487 [physics. gen-ph]
[32]	Lindsay G A 1952 Am. J. Phys. 20 86 Google Scholar
[33]	Courant R, Hilbert D 1953 Methods of Mathematical Physics (Vol. 1) (New York: Interscience) pp208–211
[34]	Gelfand I M, Fomin S V 1963 Calculus of Variations (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall) p42, 71
[35]	Zia R K P, Redish E F, McKay S R 2009 Am. J. Phys. 77 614 Google Scholar
[36]	Ansermet J P, Brechet S 2018 Principles of Thermodynamics (New York: Cambridge University Press) p3
[37]	Ruderman M S 2019 Fluid Dynamics and Linear Elasticity-A First Course in Continuum Mechanics (Cham: Springer) pp40, 58, 61–62
[38]	Maxwell J C 1867 Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London 157 49
[39]	Carcione J 2015 Wave Fields in Real Media: Wave Propagation in Anisotropic, Anelastic Porous and Electromagnetic Media (Netherlands: Elsevier) p66
[40]	Wang X M, Dodds K, Zhao H B 2006 Explor. Geophys. 37 160 Google Scholar

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基于能量守恒框架下的波动力学理论研究