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The whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavity has been widely used for sensing and detection because of its high quality factor, small mode size, simple and diverse manufacturing process, and high sensitivity to the surrounding environment. Microsphere cavityand microdisk cavity are typical whispering gallery mode microcavities. However, the real controllable size of the on-chip three-dimensional microsphere cavity has rarely been reported because it is difficult to prepare by photolithography. At the same time, most of the current microsphere cavity are prepared by hot melting, which have the poor ability to control the size. In this article, we have mainly demonstrated the fabrication of a dye-doped polymer whispering gallery mode microsphere by femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization, which shows good surface smoothness with a fabrication spatial resolution beyond the diffraction limit. The microsphere cavity consists with commercial photoresist SU-8 as the cavity material and Rhodamine B as the gain medium. With the 532 nm pump, the RhB-doped SU-8 can emit fluorescence in the spectral range of 600–700 nm, and thus resonant whispering gallery laser modes in this spectral region can be eventually formed in the microsphere cavities. The microcavity shows excellent lasing performance with a quality factor of ~2000. Due to the special luminescence mechanism of organic dyes, the fluorescence spectrum of the dye drifts with the change of ambient temperature, and it will form a new resonance excitation with the eigenmode of the cavity. Within a certain temperature range (20 ℃-35 ℃), the wavelength of the main lasing peak is linearly related to temperature. The results shows that the organic dye doped micro-resonator has a unique laser mechanism which can be used to construct a new type of microlaser. Moreover, the tunable microsphere laser can be used as a temperature sensor after further optimized. We believe our work will provide a positive inspiration for the rational design of miniaturized lasers with ideal performance.
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Keywords:
- femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization /
- whispering gallery mode /
- temperature tuning /
- 3D microsphere
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[1] Capon J, Baets J D, Rycke I D, Smet H D, Doutreloigne J, Calster A V, Vanfleteren J 1992 Sensors Actuat. A: Phys. 32 437
Google Scholar
[2] So V C Y, Normandin R, Stegeman G I 1979 Opt. Soc. Am. 69 1166
Google Scholar
[3] Schumann M, Bückmann T, Gruhler N, Wegener M, Pernice W 2014 Light Sci. Appl. 3 e175
Google Scholar
[4] Stegeman G I, Seaton C 1985 J. Appl. Phys. 58 R57
Google Scholar
[5] Tien P K 1977 Rev. Mod. Phys. 49 361
Google Scholar
[6] Wu Q, Turpin J P,Werner D H 2012 Light Sci. Appl. 1 e38
Google Scholar
[7] 陈小军, 张自丽, 葛辉良 2012 物理学报 61 174211
Google Scholar
Chen X J, Zhang Z L, Ge H L 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 174211
Google Scholar
[8] Muller A, Shih C K, Ahn J, Lu D, Gazula D, Deppe D G 2006 Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 163105
Google Scholar
[9] 周常河 2009 激光与光电子学进展 62 2
Zhou C H 2009 LOP 62 2
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Google Scholar
[11] Jugessur A S, Dou J, Aitchison J S 2010 J.Vac. Sci. Technol. B 28 C6O8
Google Scholar
[12] Delouise L A, Kou P M, Miller B L 2005 Analytical Chemistry 77 3222
Google Scholar
[13] 罗娅慧, 李刚, 陈强, 赵建龙 2012 高等学校化学学报 33 2178
Google Scholar
Luo Y H, Li G, Chen Q, Zhao J L 2012 Chem. J. Chinese U. 33 2178
Google Scholar
[14] An S J, Yoon J, Lee J, Kwon O D 2006 J. Appl. Phys. 99 66
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Shu F J, Yang Q F 2012 LOP 49 48
[16] Xiao Y F, Zou C L, Xue P, Xiao L, Li Y, Dong C H, Han Z F,Gong Q 2010 Phys. Rev. A 81 1532
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[22] Kippenberg T J, Spillane S M, Armani D K, Vahala K J 2003 Appl. Phys. Lett. 83 797
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[31] Zhan X, Xu H L, Sun H B 2016 Front. Optoelectron. China 9 1
Google Scholar
[32] Xu H L, Sun H B 2015 Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron. 58 1
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Google Scholar
[34] Wong D, Chen Q D, Niu L G, Wang J N, Wang J, Wang R, Xia H, Sun HB 2009 Lab. Chip 9 2391
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
Li M Y, Li F, Wei L, He Z C, Zhang J P, Han J B, Lu P X 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 108201
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[39] 赵小兵, 张巍巍, 吴潇杰, 徐如辉, 秦朝菲, 王闽 2018 传感技术学报 4 529
Google Scholar
Zhao X B, Zhang W W, Wu X J, Xu R H, Qin C F, Wang M 2018 Chin. Sens. Acta 4 529
Google Scholar
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