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新型静态偏振风成像干涉仪采用四面角锥棱镜与偏振阵列的组合结构, 在CCD的四个分区上一次得到四个不同相位的干涉图, 可以实现对目标的实时探测, 克服了动镜扫描探测模式不能对快速变化目标进行精确探测的缺陷. 由于光束被四等分, 强度大幅度下降, 微弱的气辉信号能否被探测到成为研究的关键. 本文从目标气辉光谱的特性出发, 分析了静态偏振风成像干涉仪系统的光学传输特性和响应特性, CCD的噪声水平及系统信噪比, 得出弱信号夜气辉在常规的探测模式下探测不到的结论. 采用延长光积分时间, 像素合并技术和选用探测灵敏度高的电子倍增CCD等措施, 均可以有效改善信噪比, 并计算出几种措施综合运用后系统的信噪比和响应度. 考虑到成本和目标的快速变化, 仅采用像素合并技术, 模拟了信噪比和数字化输出随辐射强度的变化曲线, 结果表明可实现对夜气辉等微弱信号的探测.The novel static polarization wind imaging interferometer adopts four-face pyramid prism and polarization array to obtain four different phase interferograms on four sections of CCD once. It can detect the target in real time and overcome the moving mirror scan detection mode defect that leads to be unable to accurately detect the rapily changing target. For the signal beam that is split into four equal parts, their intensities drop significantly, so whether the signal can be detected is a key problem. In this paper, the target spectral characteristic of the airglow is taken as the starting point of analysis, then the optical transmission properties and response of the NSPWII system and CCD signal-to-noise ratio are analyzed. Finally the conclusion is obtained that weak signal (such as night airglow) cannot be detected in the conventional detecting mode. Some improving measure is presented which extends light integration time, adopts pixel merger technology and select high sensitivity CCD (as electron multiplication CCD), they all can improve the signal-to-noise ratio effectively. After integrated using the these measures, the signal-to-noise ratio and responsiveness of NSPWII system are calculated. In view of the rapid changes of cost and objectives, only pixel binning is adopted, and the simulated curve of signal-to-noise ratio versus digital output is obtained. The result shows that the weak signal as night airglow can be detected.
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Keywords:
- weak signal /
- noise /
- signal-to-noise ratio /
- responsiveness
[1] Babcock D D 2006 Ph. D. Dissertation (Canada: York University)
[2] Shepherd G G, Gault W A, Miller D W, Pasturczyk. Z, Johnston S F, Kosteniuk P, RHaslett J W, Kendall D J W, Wimperis J R 1985 Appl. Opt. 24 1571
[3] Hilliard R L, Shepherd G G 1966 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56 362
[4] Shepherd G G, Gault W A, Miller D W, Pasturczyk Z, Johnston S F, Kosteniuk P R, Haslett J W, Kendall D J W, Wimperis J R 1985 Appl. Opt. 24 1571
[5] Zhang X N, Zhang C M 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 1042101 (in Chinese) [张宣妮, 张淳民 2012 物理学报 61 1042101]
[6] Zhang C M, He J 2006 Opt. Express 14 12561
[7] Rochon Y J 2000 Ph. D. Dissertation (Canada: York University)
[8] Bird J C, Liang F C, Solheim B H, Shepherd G G 1995 Meas. Sci. Technol. 6 1368
[9] Ye J Y, Zhang C M, Zhao B C 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 67 (in Chinese) [叶健勇, 张淳民, 赵葆常 2008 物理学报 57 67]
[10] Wang S H, Hu M F, Chen Z P 2007 Semicond. Optoelectr. 28 731 (in Chinese) [王书宏, 胡谋法, 陈曾平 2007 半导体光电 28 731]
[11] Zhang C M, Zhu L Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 989 (in Chinese) [张淳民, 朱兰艳 2010 物理学报 59 989]
[12] Shepherd G G, ThuIlier G, Gault W A, Solheim B H, Hersom C, Alunni J M, Brun J F, Brune S, Charlot P, Cogger L L, Desaulniers D L, Evans W F J, Gattinger R L, Girod F, Harvie D, Hum R H, Kendall D J W, Llewellyn E J, Lowe R P, Ohrt J, Pasternak F, Peillet O, Powell T, Rochon Y, Ward W E, Wiens R H, Wimperis J 1993 J. Geophy. Res. 98 10725
[13] Liu N 2010 M. S. Dissertation (Xi'an: Xi'an JiaoTong University) (in Chinese) [刘宁 2010 硕士学位论文 (西安: 西安交通大学)]
[14] Bu Z C, Zhang C M, Zhao B C, Zhu H C 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2415 (in Chinese) [步志超, 张淳民, 赵葆常, 朱化春 2009 物理学报 58 2415]
[15] Zhang C M, Zhu H C, Zhao B C 2011 Opt. Express 19 9626
[16] Zhang C M, Xiangli B, Zhao B C 2004 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 43 6090
[17] Zhang C M, Zhao B C, Xiangli B, Li Y C 2006 Optik 117 265
[18] Zhao T Y, Liu Q X ,Yu F H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 64203
[19] Zhang C M, Wu Q M, Mu T K 2011 Appl. Opt. 50 6134
[20] Wang J C, Zhang C M, Zhao B C, Liu N 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1625 (in Chinese) [王金婵, 张淳民, 赵葆常, 刘宁 2010 物理学报 59 1625]
[21] Zhang C M, Zhao J K, Sun Y 2011 Appl. Opt. 50 3497
[22] Janesick J R 2001 Scientific Charge-Coupled Devices (1st Edn.) (Washington: Bellinggham) p121
[23] Zhang C M, Mu T K 2011 Opt. Eng. 50 049701
[24] Zhou B B 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology) (in Chinese) [周蓓蓓 2010 博士学位论文 (南京: 南京理工大学)]
[25] Luo Q, Huang L H, Gu N Ting, Rao C H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 094201
[26] Goiffon V, Girard S, Chabane A, Paillet P, Magnan P, Cervantes P, Martin-Gonthier P, Baggio J, Estribeau M, Bourgade J L, Darbon S, Rousseau A, Glebov V Y, Pien G, Sangster T C 2012 Opt. Express 20 20030
[27] Dai Y, Zhang J X 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 104203
[28] Ren W Y, Zhang C M, Mu T K, Dai H S 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 2580
[29] Mu T K, Zhang C M, Zhao B C 2009 Opt. Commun. 10 1984
[30] Mu T K, Zhang C M, Zhao B C 2009 Appl. Opt. 12 2333
[31] Zhang C M, Mu T K, Ron W Y, Zhang L, Liu N 2010 Opt. Eng.4 043002
[32] Mu T K, Zhang C M 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 060702
[33] Mu t K, Zhang C M, Zhao B C Opt. Commun. 9 1699
-
[1] Babcock D D 2006 Ph. D. Dissertation (Canada: York University)
[2] Shepherd G G, Gault W A, Miller D W, Pasturczyk. Z, Johnston S F, Kosteniuk P, RHaslett J W, Kendall D J W, Wimperis J R 1985 Appl. Opt. 24 1571
[3] Hilliard R L, Shepherd G G 1966 J. Opt. Soc. Am. 56 362
[4] Shepherd G G, Gault W A, Miller D W, Pasturczyk Z, Johnston S F, Kosteniuk P R, Haslett J W, Kendall D J W, Wimperis J R 1985 Appl. Opt. 24 1571
[5] Zhang X N, Zhang C M 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 1042101 (in Chinese) [张宣妮, 张淳民 2012 物理学报 61 1042101]
[6] Zhang C M, He J 2006 Opt. Express 14 12561
[7] Rochon Y J 2000 Ph. D. Dissertation (Canada: York University)
[8] Bird J C, Liang F C, Solheim B H, Shepherd G G 1995 Meas. Sci. Technol. 6 1368
[9] Ye J Y, Zhang C M, Zhao B C 2008 Acta Phys. Sin. 57 67 (in Chinese) [叶健勇, 张淳民, 赵葆常 2008 物理学报 57 67]
[10] Wang S H, Hu M F, Chen Z P 2007 Semicond. Optoelectr. 28 731 (in Chinese) [王书宏, 胡谋法, 陈曾平 2007 半导体光电 28 731]
[11] Zhang C M, Zhu L Y 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 989 (in Chinese) [张淳民, 朱兰艳 2010 物理学报 59 989]
[12] Shepherd G G, ThuIlier G, Gault W A, Solheim B H, Hersom C, Alunni J M, Brun J F, Brune S, Charlot P, Cogger L L, Desaulniers D L, Evans W F J, Gattinger R L, Girod F, Harvie D, Hum R H, Kendall D J W, Llewellyn E J, Lowe R P, Ohrt J, Pasternak F, Peillet O, Powell T, Rochon Y, Ward W E, Wiens R H, Wimperis J 1993 J. Geophy. Res. 98 10725
[13] Liu N 2010 M. S. Dissertation (Xi'an: Xi'an JiaoTong University) (in Chinese) [刘宁 2010 硕士学位论文 (西安: 西安交通大学)]
[14] Bu Z C, Zhang C M, Zhao B C, Zhu H C 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 2415 (in Chinese) [步志超, 张淳民, 赵葆常, 朱化春 2009 物理学报 58 2415]
[15] Zhang C M, Zhu H C, Zhao B C 2011 Opt. Express 19 9626
[16] Zhang C M, Xiangli B, Zhao B C 2004 J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 43 6090
[17] Zhang C M, Zhao B C, Xiangli B, Li Y C 2006 Optik 117 265
[18] Zhao T Y, Liu Q X ,Yu F H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 64203
[19] Zhang C M, Wu Q M, Mu T K 2011 Appl. Opt. 50 6134
[20] Wang J C, Zhang C M, Zhao B C, Liu N 2010 Acta Phys. Sin. 59 1625 (in Chinese) [王金婵, 张淳民, 赵葆常, 刘宁 2010 物理学报 59 1625]
[21] Zhang C M, Zhao J K, Sun Y 2011 Appl. Opt. 50 3497
[22] Janesick J R 2001 Scientific Charge-Coupled Devices (1st Edn.) (Washington: Bellinggham) p121
[23] Zhang C M, Mu T K 2011 Opt. Eng. 50 049701
[24] Zhou B B 2010 Ph. D. Dissertation (Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology) (in Chinese) [周蓓蓓 2010 博士学位论文 (南京: 南京理工大学)]
[25] Luo Q, Huang L H, Gu N Ting, Rao C H 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 094201
[26] Goiffon V, Girard S, Chabane A, Paillet P, Magnan P, Cervantes P, Martin-Gonthier P, Baggio J, Estribeau M, Bourgade J L, Darbon S, Rousseau A, Glebov V Y, Pien G, Sangster T C 2012 Opt. Express 20 20030
[27] Dai Y, Zhang J X 2012 Chin. Phys. B 21 104203
[28] Ren W Y, Zhang C M, Mu T K, Dai H S 2012 Opt. Lett. 37 2580
[29] Mu T K, Zhang C M, Zhao B C 2009 Opt. Commun. 10 1984
[30] Mu T K, Zhang C M, Zhao B C 2009 Appl. Opt. 12 2333
[31] Zhang C M, Mu T K, Ron W Y, Zhang L, Liu N 2010 Opt. Eng.4 043002
[32] Mu T K, Zhang C M 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 060702
[33] Mu t K, Zhang C M, Zhao B C Opt. Commun. 9 1699
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