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为了抑制丝阵Z箍缩单丝电爆炸过程产生的核冕结构，分析了激光探针诊断的物理内涵，并基于约30 ps激光探针研究了负极性快前沿脉冲（90–170 A/ns）下铝丝的电爆炸特性. 直径15 μm，长2 cm的铝丝，阻性电压峰值为35–50 kV，电压击穿前金属丝电阻率增加至30–40 μΩ·cm. 电压峰值时刻沉积能量为1.5–2.5 eV/atom，欧姆加热功率下降至峰值一半时的沉积能量为2.5–4.0 eV/atom，接近铝丝从室温加热至完全气化所需的能量约4.0 eV/atom. 快前沿脉冲可增加金属中的欧姆能量沉积速度，提高负载击穿电压. 激光纹影图像可以观察到气体通道和等离子体通道，得到冕等离子体的平均电离度约为0.3. 由于极性效应，电极附近区域的能量沉积超过负载中部区域，电极附近负载基本完全气化，而负载中部区域仍存在液态或团簇状颗粒. 一些发次中，实现了轴向均匀且完全气化的铝蒸气，在电压击穿后的约127 ns，70%的初始质量分布在直径1 mm的区域内，100%的初始质量分布在直径2 mm 的区域内.In order to suppress the core-corona structures commonly observed in the single-wire exploding stage of wire array Z-pinch, the laser probe diagnostic is analyzed, and the exploding characteristics of aluminum wire under negative-polarity and fast-rising current pulses (90-170 A/ns) are investigated using a picosecond laser probe. The aluminum wire with a diameter of 15 μ m and a length of 2 cm, has a peak resistive voltage of 35-50 kV and a resistivity of 30-40 μΩ·cm before the voltage collapsed. The ohmic energy deposited in the load is 1.5-2.5 eV/atom at the voltage peak time, and 2.5-4.0 eV/atom at the time when the Joule heating power drops off to half of its maximum value. A faster rising current would lead to an increase of the energy deposition rate, and enhance the breakdown voltage. In most shots, nearly all the aluminum atoms near the electrodes are in the gaseous state, and liquid drops or clusters existing at the central part of the wire. While in some shots, the load is exploded into a gaseous state homogeneously along the axis. At about 127 ns after the laser peak, 70% of the initial mass is located within a diameter of 1 mm, and all the mass is within a diameter of 2 mm.
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Keywords:
- exploding wire /
- core-corona suppression /
- laser probe
[1] Haines M G 2011 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 53 093001
[2] Qiu A C, Kuai B, Zeng Z Z, Wang W S, Qiu M T, Wang L P, Cong P T, L M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5917 (in Chinese) [邱爱慈, 蒯斌, 曾正中, 王文生, 邱孟通, 王亮平, 丛培天, 吕敏 2006 物理学报 55 5917]
[3] Spielman R B, Deeney C, Chandler G A, Douglas M R, Fehl D L, Matzen M K, McDaniel D H, Nash T J, Porter J L, Sanford T W L, Seaman J F, Stygar W A, Struve K W, Breeze S P, McGurn J S, Torres J A, Zagar D M, Gilliland T L, Jobe D O, McKenney J L, Mock R C, Vargas M, Wagoner T, Peterson D L 1998 Phys. Plasmas 5 2105
[4] Harvey-Thompson A J, Lebedev S V, Burdiak G, Waisman E M, Hall G N, Suzuki-Vidal F, Bland S N, Chittenden J P, Grouchy P De, Khoory E, Pickworth L, Skidmore J, Swadling G 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 205002
[5] Sinars D B, Hu M, Chandler K M, Shelkovenko T A, Pikuz S A, Greenly J B, Hammer D A, Kusse B R 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 216
[6] Hu M, Kusse B R 2004 Phys. Plasmas 11 1145
[7] Tkachenko S I, Barishpoltsev D V, Ivanenkov G V, Romanova V M, Ter-Oganesyan A E, Mingaleev A R, Shelkovenko T A, Pikuz S A 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 123502
[8] Sarkisov G S, Rosenthal S E, Struve K W, McDaniel D H 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 046404
[9] Sarkisov G S, Rosenthal S E, Struve K W, 2008 Phys. Rev. E 77 056406
[10] Zhao J P, Zhang Q G, Yan W Y, Liu X D, Liu L C, Zhou Q, Qiu A C 2013 IEEE Trans. Plasmas Sci. 40 2207
[11] Zhao T, Zou X B, Zhang R, Wang X X 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 075205
[12] Wu J, Wang L P, Han J J, Li M, Sheng L, Li Y, Zhang M, Guo N, Lei T S, Qiu A C, L M 2012 Phys. Plasmas 19 022702
[13] Zou X B, Mao Z G, Wang X X, Jiang W H 2012 Europhys. Lett. 97 35004
[14] Wang Z, Yang J L, Xu R K, Li L B, Xu Z P, Zhang F Q, Zhong Y H 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5942 (in Chinese) [王真, 杨建伦, 徐荣昆, 李林波, 许泽平, 章法强, 钟耀华 2006 物理学报 55 5942]
[15] Chen F X, Feng J H, Li L B, Yang J L, Zhou L, Xu R K, Xu Z P 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 045204 (in Chinese) [陈法新, 冯璟华, 李林波, 杨建伦, 周林, 徐荣昆, 许泽平 2013 物理学报 62 045204]
[16] Chen G H, Guo J J, Huang X B, Liu J, Zhang C H, Wang G L, Zhou S T, Yang Q G 2013 High Power Laser Particle Beams 25 9 (in Chinese) [陈光华, 郭江建, 黄显宾, 刘俊, 张朝辉, 王贵林, 周少彤, 阳庆国 2013 强激光与粒子束 25 9]
[17] Sarkisov G S, Beigman I L, Shevelko V P, Struve K W 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 042501
[18] Hipp M, Woisetschlaeger J, Reiterer P, Neger T 2004 Measurement 36 53
[19] Chase M W 1998 NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables (4th Ed.) (Maryland: NIST Gaithersburg)
[20] Sarkisov G S, Sasorov P V, Struve K W, McDaniel D H, Gribov A N, Oleinik G M 2002 Phys. Rev. E 66 046413
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[1] Haines M G 2011 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 53 093001
[2] Qiu A C, Kuai B, Zeng Z Z, Wang W S, Qiu M T, Wang L P, Cong P T, L M 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5917 (in Chinese) [邱爱慈, 蒯斌, 曾正中, 王文生, 邱孟通, 王亮平, 丛培天, 吕敏 2006 物理学报 55 5917]
[3] Spielman R B, Deeney C, Chandler G A, Douglas M R, Fehl D L, Matzen M K, McDaniel D H, Nash T J, Porter J L, Sanford T W L, Seaman J F, Stygar W A, Struve K W, Breeze S P, McGurn J S, Torres J A, Zagar D M, Gilliland T L, Jobe D O, McKenney J L, Mock R C, Vargas M, Wagoner T, Peterson D L 1998 Phys. Plasmas 5 2105
[4] Harvey-Thompson A J, Lebedev S V, Burdiak G, Waisman E M, Hall G N, Suzuki-Vidal F, Bland S N, Chittenden J P, Grouchy P De, Khoory E, Pickworth L, Skidmore J, Swadling G 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 205002
[5] Sinars D B, Hu M, Chandler K M, Shelkovenko T A, Pikuz S A, Greenly J B, Hammer D A, Kusse B R 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 216
[6] Hu M, Kusse B R 2004 Phys. Plasmas 11 1145
[7] Tkachenko S I, Barishpoltsev D V, Ivanenkov G V, Romanova V M, Ter-Oganesyan A E, Mingaleev A R, Shelkovenko T A, Pikuz S A 2007 Phys. Plasmas 14 123502
[8] Sarkisov G S, Rosenthal S E, Struve K W, McDaniel D H 2005 Phys. Rev. Lett. 94 046404
[9] Sarkisov G S, Rosenthal S E, Struve K W, 2008 Phys. Rev. E 77 056406
[10] Zhao J P, Zhang Q G, Yan W Y, Liu X D, Liu L C, Zhou Q, Qiu A C 2013 IEEE Trans. Plasmas Sci. 40 2207
[11] Zhao T, Zou X B, Zhang R, Wang X X 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 075205
[12] Wu J, Wang L P, Han J J, Li M, Sheng L, Li Y, Zhang M, Guo N, Lei T S, Qiu A C, L M 2012 Phys. Plasmas 19 022702
[13] Zou X B, Mao Z G, Wang X X, Jiang W H 2012 Europhys. Lett. 97 35004
[14] Wang Z, Yang J L, Xu R K, Li L B, Xu Z P, Zhang F Q, Zhong Y H 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5942 (in Chinese) [王真, 杨建伦, 徐荣昆, 李林波, 许泽平, 章法强, 钟耀华 2006 物理学报 55 5942]
[15] Chen F X, Feng J H, Li L B, Yang J L, Zhou L, Xu R K, Xu Z P 2013 Acta Phys. Sin. 62 045204 (in Chinese) [陈法新, 冯璟华, 李林波, 杨建伦, 周林, 徐荣昆, 许泽平 2013 物理学报 62 045204]
[16] Chen G H, Guo J J, Huang X B, Liu J, Zhang C H, Wang G L, Zhou S T, Yang Q G 2013 High Power Laser Particle Beams 25 9 (in Chinese) [陈光华, 郭江建, 黄显宾, 刘俊, 张朝辉, 王贵林, 周少彤, 阳庆国 2013 强激光与粒子束 25 9]
[17] Sarkisov G S, Beigman I L, Shevelko V P, Struve K W 2006 Phys. Rev. A 73 042501
[18] Hipp M, Woisetschlaeger J, Reiterer P, Neger T 2004 Measurement 36 53
[19] Chase M W 1998 NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables (4th Ed.) (Maryland: NIST Gaithersburg)
[20] Sarkisov G S, Sasorov P V, Struve K W, McDaniel D H, Gribov A N, Oleinik G M 2002 Phys. Rev. E 66 046413
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