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Laser-driven flyer has been studied for decades as it promises to possess many applications such as in measuring the equation of state (EOS) under ultrahigh pressure, investigating the material dynamic properties under high strain rate, simulating the high-speed impact for aircraft protection, and igniting explosives. However, the planarity and integrity of flyers are determined by indirect velocity lnterferometer system for any reflector (VISAR) or witness slab results due to its high speed and small dimension. For further and wide applications, it is very important to obtain direct experimental proof of the flyer gesture and configuration. Thus, the acceleration and gesture investigation of aluminum flyer driven by laser plasma are studied on Xingguang-III laser facility. The X-ray radiography is achieved by a picosecond laser irradiating the copper wire target. The shadowgraph of flyer and plasma are realized by the incidence of a bunch of infrared laser through the flyer flight path. In additon, photon Doppler velocimetry is employed to measure the flyer velocity simultaneously. The radiography, shadowgraph and velocity of typical small aluminum flyer are obtained. By optimizing the thickness of both CH ablation layer and vacuum gap, the flyer is slowly accelerated via consecutive stress wave produced by plasma colliding. The aluminum flyer has a thickness of 20 μm and diameter of about 500 μm. The whole flyer remains the integrated shape after a great angle of rotation due to uneven plasma loading. The flight distance is about 400 μm, giving an average velocity of 2.2 km/s. The planarity of the flyer is good except a little bend on the two sides due to side rarefaction of plasma. The study verifies that the laser plasma collision can generate a sub-millimeter-diameter metal flyer with integrated shape and a velocity of several kilo-meters per second, showing that it possesses the promising applications in measuring the EOS and igniting explosive .
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Keywords:
- laser-driven flyer /
- plasma jet /
- quasi-isentropic loading /
- high-energy X-ray backlight radiography
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图 1 经过1 mm CPP后的远场光学焦斑空间分布
Fig. 1. On-target focal spot of nanosecond beam after 1 mm CPP.
图 2 远场光学焦斑的一维强度空间分布 (a) 沿着y轴; (b) 沿着x轴
Fig. 2. One-dimensional on-target focal spot of nanosecond beam after 1 mm CPP: (a) Along y axis; (b) along x axis.
图 3 等离子体射流驱动飞片及姿态诊断原理示意图
Fig. 3. Schematic view of plasma-driven flyer and gesture investigation.
图 4 实验诊断排布示意图(俯视图)
Fig. 4. Schematic view of experimental diagnostic configuration (top view).
图 5 不同能量和真空间隙长度下Multi计算的铝飞片速度曲线
Fig. 5. Aluminum flyer velocity obtained by Multi calculation at different laser energy and vacuum gap length.
图 6 PDV测量的不同激光能量对应的铝飞片自由面速度曲线
Fig. 6. Aluminum flyer velocity obtained by PDV measurements at different ns laser energy.
图 7 背光照相的静态空间分辨 (a) Cu客体背光图像; (b)空间分辨拟合结果
Fig. 7. Static spatial resolution: (a) Radiography of copper slab; (b) spatial resolution determined by edge spread function.
图 8 等离子体射流驱动铝飞片的X光图像(其中照相延时346 ns) (a) 原始图像; (b) 飞片旋转放大后的图像
Fig. 8. Radiography of aluminum flyer driven by laser plasma, where time delay is 346 ns: (a) Raw image; (b) magnified flyer image after rotation.
图 9 等离子体射流驱动的铝飞片X光图像, 其中照相延时350 ns
Fig. 9. Radiography of aluminum flyer driven by laser plasma, where time delay is 350 ns.
图 10 典型的等离子体射流驱动铝飞片阴影图像, 其中相对ns激光延时分别为(a) 120 ns, (b) 180 ns, (c) 240 ns, (d) 300 ns
Fig. 10. Typical shadowgraphs of aluminum flyer driven by laser plasma, where the time delay referring to ns laser is (a) 120 ns, (b) 180 ns, (c) 240 ns, (d) 300 ns.
表 1 实验结果统计
Table 1. Experimental parameter above the shocked melting point.
序号 发次号 实验内容 激光能量 ps束照相延时/ns 1 20210524123 静态照相标定 ps: 92 J — 2 20200902010 铝飞片产生及姿态诊断 ns: 50 J, ps: 46 J, 346 3 20210524125 铝飞片产生及姿态诊断 ns: 46 J, ps: 93 J, 350 4 20210527134 铝飞片产生及姿态诊断 ns: 47 J, ps: 37 J 350 
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[1] Edwards J, Lorenz K T, Remington B A, Pollaine S, Colvin J, Braun D, Lasinski B F, Reisman D, McNaney J M, Greenough J A, Wallace R, Louis H, Kalantar D 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 075002
Google Scholar
[2] O'Keefe J D, Ahrens T J 1993 J Geophys. Res. 98 17011
Google Scholar
[3] Smith R F, Eggert J H, Saculla M D, Jankowski A F, Bastea M, Hicks D G, Collins G W 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 065701
Google Scholar
[4] Smith R F, Eggert J H, Swift D C, Wang J, Duffy T S, Braun D G, Rudd R E, Reisman D B, Davis J P, Knudson M D, Collins G W 2013 J. Appl. Phys. 114 223507
Google Scholar
[5] Eggert J H, Bastea M, Braun D, Fujino D, Rygg R, Smith R, Hawreliak J, Hicks D G, Collins G 2010 Laser-induced Ramp Compression of Tantalum and Iron to Over 300 GPa: EOS and X-ray Diffraction (Livermore: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) LLNL-CONF-425256
[6] Fratanduono D E, Smith R F, Boehly T R, Eggert J H, Braun D G, Collins G W 2012 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83 073504
Google Scholar
[7] Shu H, Huang X, Ye J, Jia G, Wu J, Fu S 2017 Laser Part. Beams 35 145
Google Scholar
[8] 税敏, 储根柏, 席涛, 赵永强, 范伟, 何卫华, 单连强, 朱斌, 辛建婷, 谷渝秋 2017 物理学报 66 064703
Google Scholar
Shui M, Chu G B, Xi T, Zhao Y Q, Fan W, He W H, Shan L Q, Zhu B, Xin J T, Gu Y Q 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 064703
Google Scholar
[9] Watson S, Field J E 2000 J Appl. Phys. 88 3859
Google Scholar
[10] Gu Z W, Sun C W, Zhao J H, Zhang N 2004 J Appl. Phys. 96 344
Google Scholar
[11] Cogan S, Shirman E, Haas Y 2005 J Appl. Phys. 97 113508
Google Scholar
[12] Paisley D L, Luo S N, Greenfield S R, Koskelo A C 2008 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 79 023902
Google Scholar
[13] Curtis A D, Banishev A A, Shaw W L, Dlott D D 2014 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85 043908
Google Scholar
[14] 谷卓伟, 张兴卫, 孙承纬 2008 高压物理学报 22 103
Google Scholar
Gu Z W, Zhang X W, Sun C W 2008 Chin. J. High Pressure Phys. 22 103
Google Scholar
[15] 周维民, 于明海, 张天奎, 田超, 单连强, 吴玉迟, 张锋, 毕碧, 储根柏, 税敏, 辛建婷, 曹磊峰, 谷渝秋, 朱少平, 景峰, 张保汉 2020 中国激光 47 0500010
Google Scholar
Zhou W M, Yu M H, Zhang T K, Tian C, Shan L Q, Wu Y C, Zhang F, Bi B, Chu G B, Shui M, Xin J T, Cao L F, Gu Y Q, Zhu S P, Jing F, Zhang B H 2020 Chin. J. Lasers 47 0500010
Google Scholar
[16] Chu G B, Xi T, Yu M H, Fan W, Zhao Y Q, Shui M, He W H, Zhang T K, Zhang B, Wu Y C, Zhou W M, Cao L F, Xin J T, Gu Y Q 2018 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 89 115106
Google Scholar
[17] Xin J T, He A M, Liu W B, Chu G B, Yu M H, Fan W, Wu Y C, Xi T, Shui M, Zhao Y Q, Wang P, Gu Y Q, He W H 2019 J Micromech. Microeng. 29 095011
Google Scholar
[18] 储根柏, 于明海, 税敏, 范伟, 席涛, 景龙飞, 赵永强, 吴玉迟, 辛建婷, 周维民 2020 物理学报 69 026201
Google Scholar
Chu G B, Yu M H, Shui M, Fan W, Xi Tao, Jing L F, Zhao Y Q, Wu Y C, Xin J T, Zhou W M 2020 Acta Phys. Sin. 69 026201
Google Scholar
[19] 税敏, 于明海, 储根柏, 席涛, 范伟, 赵永强, 辛建婷, 何卫华, 谷渝秋 2019 物理学报 68 076201
Google Scholar
Shui M, Yu M H, Chu G B, Xi T, Fan W, Zhao Y Q, Xin J T, He W H, Gu Y Q 2019 Acta Phys. Sin. 68 076201
Google Scholar
[20] Xi T, Chu G B, Zhu B, Shui M, Zhao Y Q, Fan W, Gu Y Q, Xin J T, He W H 2019 AIP adv. 9 075220
Google Scholar
[21] 单连强, 高宇林, 辛建婷, 王峰, 彭晓世, 徐涛, 周维民, 赵宗清, 曹磊峰, 吴玉迟, 朱斌, 刘红杰, 刘东晓, 税敏, 何颖玲, 詹夏宇, 谷渝秋 2012 物理学报 61 135204
Google Scholar
Shan L Q, Gao Y L, Xin J T, Wang F, Peng X S, Xu T, Zhou W M, Zhao Z Q, Cao L F, Wu Y C, Zhu B, Liu H J, Liu D X, Shui M, He Y L, Zhan X Y, Gu Y Q 2012 Acta Phys. Sin. 61 135204
Google Scholar
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