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飞行器目标经过高温尾焰传输后的红外偏振辐射是红外探测设备对飞行器进行探测、识别、跟踪、告警的重要依据. 在目标与背景红外辐射强度对比度低的情况下, 将偏振特性差异结合到强度探测中可显著提高系统的探测与识别能力. 本文基于Monte Carlo法建立了高温尾焰红外偏振辐射传输特性仿真模型, 根据尾焰空间气体组分的红外吸收系数谱, 模拟光子在尾焰空间的多次散射过程, 统计最终接收到的光子特性, 分析了传输距离、尾焰温度和压强、气体组分浓度和探测波长对红外偏振光传输特性的影响. 研究结果表明: 本文研究方法和HITRAN库关于辐亮度透过率的计算结果误差基本保持在2%以内; 随着距离增大, 温度和压强对光波偏振辐射传输特性的影响更为显著. 压强与透过率和偏振度呈负相关, 温度的影响与气体的类型、温度范围等因素有关; 辐亮度透过率和偏振度与尾焰空间气体的吸收系数和传输距离呈指数衰减关系; 探测波长不同, 光波的偏振辐射传输特性也存在差异.
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关键词:
- 偏振辐射传输 /
- 高温尾焰 /
- 红外吸收光谱 /
- Monte Carlo法
Infrared polarization radiation of aircraft targets after transmission through high-temperature exhaust plumes is an important basis for infrared detection equipment to detect, identify, track and warn aircraft. At present, most of the studies on the transmission characteristics of gas polarized radiation focus on the visible wavelength band, and the research object is mainly the atmospheric environment. The study of infrared polarization radiation transmission characteristics in the special gas environment of high-temperature exhaust plume is still insufficient. In this paper, the Monte Carlo method is used to model the transmission of infrared polarized light in a high-temperature exhaust plume, and the absorption coefficients of H2O in 2.5~3.3 μm band and CO2 in 4~5 μm band are calculated by using the HITRAN database. The multiple scattering process of photons in the exhaust plume space is simulated, and the changes of the cosine of motion and cosine of vibration of the photons in the collision events are analyzed at the microscopic level. Also, the photon characteristics are statistically analyzed based on the principles of the calculation of polarization and transmittance. Based on the simulation results, the changes of radiative transmittance and polarization at different transmission distances are compared, and the effects of exhaust plume temperature, pressure, gas component concentration and detection wavelength on the transmission characteristics of infrared polarized light are analyzed as well. The experimental results prove that the error between the calculated radiative transmittance in this study and the HITRAN database is basically within 2%. The effects of temperature and pressure on the transmission characteristics of polarized light become more and more significant as the distance increases. Pressure is negatively correlated with transmittance and polarization, while the effect of temperature is related to gas type and temperature range. Radiant transmittance and polarization decay exponentially with the absorption coefficient of the gas in the exhaust plume space as well as with the transmission distance. Different detection wavelengths also lead to differences in polarized light transmission characteristics.-
Keywords:
- Polarized radiation transfer /
- High-temperature tail flame /
- Infrared absorption spectroscopy /
- Monte Carlo method
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图 1 Monte Carlo模拟中光子在尾焰空间的随机运动过程示意图
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the random motion process of photons in the tail flame space in Monte Carlo simulation.
图 3 光子初始位置和初始方向示意图 (a)光子初始位置; (b)光子初始方向
Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of initial position and direction of photons: (a) Initial position of photons; (b) Initial direction of photons.
图 4 散射过程角度变化示意图
Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of angle variation during scattering process.
图 5 本模型与HITRAN库关于辐亮度透过率的计算结果对比
Fig. 5. Comparison of the calculation results of radiance transmittance between the model in this article and the HITRAN library.
图 6 传输距离变化对不同温度尾焰空间的传输特性的影响 (a)透过率; (b)偏振度
Fig. 6. The influence of transmission distance variation on the transmission characteristics of different temperature tail flame spaces: (a) Transmittance; (b) Polarization Degree.
图 7 传输距离变化对不同压强尾焰空间的传输特性的影响 (a)透过率; (b)偏振度
Fig. 7. The influence of transmission distance variation on the transmission characteristics of different pressure tail flame spaces: (a) Transmittance; (b) Polarization Degree.
图 8 传输距离变化对不同气体组分尾焰空间的传输特性的影响 (a) H2O透过率; (b) H2O偏振度; (c) CO2透过率; (d) CO2偏振度
Fig. 8. The influence of transmission distance variation on the transmission characteristics of different gas components in the tail flame space: (a) H2O Transmittance; (b) H2O Polarization Degree; (c) CO2 Transmittance; (d) CO2 Polarization Degree.
图 9 波长变化对不同气体组分尾焰空间的传输特性的影响 (a) H2O透过率; (b) H2O偏振度; (c) CO2透过率; (d) CO2偏振度
Fig. 9. The influence of wavelength variation on the transmission characteristics of different gas components in the tail flame space: (a) H2O Transmittance; (b) H2O Polarization Degree; (c) CO2· Transmittance; (d) CO2 Polarization Degree.
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