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近年来，随着人类对可持续能源技术需求的不断增长，离子热电池作为实现热能与电能直接转换的关键技术，在低品位热能回收与利用领域日益受到关注。在关键性能参数中，有效热导率（κeff）对维持热电池内部温度梯度和提高热电池整体能量转换效率具有重要的作用。然而，与广泛研究的热功率（Stg）和电导率（σ）相比，κeff的系统性研究仍较薄弱。本综述系统研究了离子热电池中热导调控的最新进展，重点分析电极材料、电解质组成及器件结构设计对热传导行为的影响机制。结合典型的材料设计和结构工程策略，探讨热传导在热电性能提升中的作用，全面总结当前该领域的研究成果。最后，展望材料优化、界面工程与热导表征等未来研究方向，旨在为高性能热电池的设计提供理论基础和技术支撑。With the growing demand for sustainable energy technologies, ionic thermocells have attracted increasing attention for their potential in harvesting low-grade heat through direct thermal-to-electric energy conversion. Among the key performance metrics, the effective thermal conductivity (κeff) plays a crucial role in maintaining internal temperature gradients and enhancing overall energy conversion efficiency of thermocells. However, compared to the extensively studied thermopower (Stg) and electrical conductivity (σ), κeff has received relatively little systematic attention. This review summarizes recent advances in the regulation of thermal conductivity in ionic thermocells, focusing on its crucial role in thermoelectric performance. We discuss the influence of electrode materials, electrolyte compositions, and device architectures on heat transport, and highlight representative strategies involving materials engineering and structural design to optimize the synergy between thermal conduction and ionic conduction. Finally, we outline future directions such as material optimization, interface engineering, and improved thermal characterization techniques, to facilitate the development of next-generation high-performance thermocells.
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Keywords:
- Ionic thermocell /
- thermal conductivity performance /
- material optimization /
- structural design
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