反馈型TM<sub>01</sub>主模同轴虚阴极振荡器

张运俭; 丁恩燕

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20190696

摘要

作为一种空间电荷高功率微波器件, 同轴虚阴极振荡器微波输出模式一般为TM₀₁与TE₁₁模式的混合模式. 本文通过数值模拟及实验分析, 对同轴虚阴极振荡器进行了结构调整, 提出了一种同轴反馈式虚阴极振荡器. 通过对阳极网的结构设计, 器件内阳极网的反馈结构改变了阳极网内虚阴极反射电子束的分布, 实现了同轴虚阴极振荡器以TM₀₁模式为主要模式输出的高功率微波. 同轴虚阴极振荡器在工作电压400 kV下微波输出850 MW, 微波脉宽半高宽约30 ns, 频率为4.1 GHz.

关键词:

Abstract

Virtual cathode oscillator, as a kind of space-charge high-power microwave source, has an output microwave mode that is generally an admixture of TM₀₁ mode and TE₁₁ mode. The analysis of the resonator in the anode mesh shows that when the transmission of the anode mesh is high, it is easy to produce strong reflected electron beam, forming a conical quasi-resonator structure, thus enhances the output of TE₁₁ mode. When the transmission of the anode mesh is low, the beam intensity of the reflected electron beam can be weakened due to the absorption of the metal mesh, and the TE₁₁ mode can be suppressed, so the output mode is mainly TM₀₁ mode. In this paper, a feedback coaxial virtual cathode oscillator is investigated with the use of numerical simulation and experimental data analysis. The feedback coaxial virtual cathode oscillator is formed by closing the end of the anode mesh through a metal plate and changing the path of the reflected electron beam from the metal mesh to the gap between cathode and anode. The particle in cell method is used in the numerical simulation of the virtual cathode oscillator, and the impedance of the 400 kV diode is about 13 Ω under a voltage of 400 kV. After the optimal design by numerical simulation, the average output microwave power from the virtual cathode oscillator is 1.5 GW, and the frequency of the microwave is about 4.2 GHz, which is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation results. In this new kind of virtual cathode oscillator, the distribution of reflected electrons is modified by the feedback sheet on the anode mesh, the output high power microwave pattern is demonstrated to be dominated by TM₀₁ mode. The microwave power obtained in the experiment is measured by the array antenna power density integration method. For axisymmetric mode, a receiving antenna array is formed by placing multiple receiving antennas on one side of the axis of the antenna pattern. The power densities of different angles on the horizontal circumference with the phase center of the transmitting antenna are measured, the average power density of two adjacent points is multiplied by the area of the spherical belt between these two points, and then the resulting power is added by the power between the adjacent two points, thereby obtaining the total radiation power. With this method, the microwave power is 850 MW with frequency 4.1 GHz and pulse width 30 ns under slaving voltage 400 kV.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

张运俭^1,2,3,
丁恩燕³

1.
高功率微波技术重点实验室, 绵阳　621900

2.
复杂电磁环境科学与技术重点实验室, 绵阳　621900

3.
中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所, 绵阳　621900

通信作者: 张运俭, zhang_yunjian@sina.com

基金项目: 国防基础科学研究计划(批准号: JCKY2016212B034)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Science and Technology on High Power Microwave Laboratory, Mianyang 621900, China

2.
Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Complex Electromagnetic Environment, Mianyang 621900, China

3.
Institute of Applied Electronics, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

Corresponding author: Zhang Yun-Jian, zhang_yunjian@sina.com

Funds: Project supporetd by the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China (Grant No. JCKY2016212B034).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Benford J, Swgle J 1992 High Power Microwaves (New York: Artech House Inc.) pp1–3
[2]	Jiang W H, Woolverton K, Dickens J 1999 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 27 1538 Google Scholar
[3]	Chen X P, Dickens J, Choi E H 2003 Proc of the 2003 IEEE Inter Pulse Power Conf Dallas, TX, USA, June 15–18, 2003 p1165
[4]	罗雄, 廖成, 孟凡宝 2006 物理学报 55 5774 Google Scholar Luo X, Liao C, Meng F B 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5774 Google Scholar
[5]	Evgney G, Pavel M 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 1014 Google Scholar
[6]	Yang Z F, Liu G Z, Shao H, Sun J, Zhang Y C, Ye H, Yang M 2013 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41 3604 Google Scholar
[7]	Fan Y W, Li Z Q, Sh T, Liu J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 075208 Google Scholar
[8]	Champeaux S, Gouard P, Cousin R, Larour J 2016 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 44 31 Google Scholar
[9]	Kitsanov S A, Klimov A I, Korovin S D, Kurkan I K, Pegel I V, Polevin S D 2002 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 30 274 Google Scholar
[10]	Song K B, Lim J E, Seo Y, Choi E H 2009 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 37 304 Google Scholar
[11]	Jiang W H, Magne K 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 3781 Google Scholar
[12]	Jennie A, Mats J, Denny A 2013 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41 2758 Google Scholar
[13]	叶卫民, 李传胪 1998 强激光与粒子束 10 268 Ye W M, Li C L 1998 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 10 268
[14]	Shao H, Liu G Z, Yang Z F 2005 J. Plasma Phys. 71 563 Google Scholar
[15]	劭浩, 刘国治, 杨占峰 2006 强激光与粒子束 18 230 Shao H, Liu G Z, Yang Z F 2006 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 18 230
[16]	邵浩, 刘国治 2001 物理学报 50 2387 Google Scholar Shao H, Liu G Z 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 2387 Google Scholar
[17]	刘静, 舒挺, 李志强 2011 物理学报 60 105202 Google Scholar Liu J, Shu T, Li Z Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 105202 Google Scholar
[18]	张永鹏, 刘国治, 邵浩, 杨占峰, 宋志敏, 林郁正 2009 物理学报 58 6973 Google Scholar Zhang Y P, Liu G Z, Shao H, Yang Z F, Song Z M, Lin Y Z 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6973 Google Scholar
[19]	张运俭, 孟凡宝, 范植开 2007 强激光与粒子束 19 682 Zhang Y J, Meng F B, Fan Z K 2007 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 19 682
[20]	Woo W 1987 Phys. Fluids 30 239 Google Scholar
[21]	Xing Q Z, Wang D, Huang F, Deng J K 2006 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 34 584 Google Scholar

施引文献

图 1 同轴虚阴极结构示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of coaxial virtual cathode.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 实验所获得的两种典型方向图(Ⅰ, Ⅱ)及TM₀₁模式和TE₁₁模式模比分别为3∶2和1∶2的方向图

Fig. 2. Two typical patterns obtained by experiments (I, II) and TM₀₁ and TE₁₁ patterns with modulus ratios of 3∶2 and 1∶2

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 同轴虚阴极内阳极网结构示意图

Fig. 3. Structure diagram of anode mesh in coaxial virtual cathode.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 反馈型同轴虚阴极数值计算结构

Fig. 4. The numerical calculation structure of feedback coaxial virtual cathode.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 电子束p_r-r空间动量分布

Fig. 5. p_r-r spatial momentum distribution of electron beam.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 电子束p_z-z空间动量分布

Fig. 6. p_z-z spatial momentum distribution of electron beam.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 反馈型同轴虚阴极振荡器输出微波平均功率

Fig. 7. Average power of feedback coaxial virtual cathode oscillator.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 反馈型同轴虚阴极振荡器输出微波频率

Fig. 8. Microwave frequency of feedback coaxial virtual cathode oscillator.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 反馈型同轴虚阴极振荡器实验结构

Fig. 9. Experimental structure of feedback coaxial virtual cathode oscillator.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 10 反馈型同轴虚阴极振荡器实验波形

Fig. 10. Experimental waveform of feedback coaxial virtual cathode oscillator.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 11 高功率微波辐射总功率测量原理图

Fig. 11. Measurement principle of high power microwave total power.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 12 功率密度积分法测量辐射总功率示意图

Fig. 12. Diagram of total power measured by power density integral method.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 13 天线辐射方向图理论值与实测值比较

Fig. 13. Comparison of theoretical and measured radiation patterns

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[1]	Benford J, Swgle J 1992 High Power Microwaves (New York: Artech House Inc.) pp1–3
[2]	Jiang W H, Woolverton K, Dickens J 1999 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 27 1538 Google Scholar
[3]	Chen X P, Dickens J, Choi E H 2003 Proc of the 2003 IEEE Inter Pulse Power Conf Dallas, TX, USA, June 15–18, 2003 p1165
[4]	罗雄, 廖成, 孟凡宝 2006 物理学报 55 5774 Google Scholar Luo X, Liao C, Meng F B 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 5774 Google Scholar
[5]	Evgney G, Pavel M 2015 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 43 1014 Google Scholar
[6]	Yang Z F, Liu G Z, Shao H, Sun J, Zhang Y C, Ye H, Yang M 2013 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41 3604 Google Scholar
[7]	Fan Y W, Li Z Q, Sh T, Liu J 2014 Chin. Phys. B 23 075208 Google Scholar
[8]	Champeaux S, Gouard P, Cousin R, Larour J 2016 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 44 31 Google Scholar
[9]	Kitsanov S A, Klimov A I, Korovin S D, Kurkan I K, Pegel I V, Polevin S D 2002 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 30 274 Google Scholar
[10]	Song K B, Lim J E, Seo Y, Choi E H 2009 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 37 304 Google Scholar
[11]	Jiang W H, Magne K 2001 Phys. Plasmas 8 3781 Google Scholar
[12]	Jennie A, Mats J, Denny A 2013 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 41 2758 Google Scholar
[13]	叶卫民, 李传胪 1998 强激光与粒子束 10 268 Ye W M, Li C L 1998 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 10 268
[14]	Shao H, Liu G Z, Yang Z F 2005 J. Plasma Phys. 71 563 Google Scholar
[15]	劭浩, 刘国治, 杨占峰 2006 强激光与粒子束 18 230 Shao H, Liu G Z, Yang Z F 2006 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 18 230
[16]	邵浩, 刘国治 2001 物理学报 50 2387 Google Scholar Shao H, Liu G Z 2001 Acta Phys. Sin. 50 2387 Google Scholar
[17]	刘静, 舒挺, 李志强 2011 物理学报 60 105202 Google Scholar Liu J, Shu T, Li Z Q 2011 Acta Phys. Sin. 60 105202 Google Scholar
[18]	张永鹏, 刘国治, 邵浩, 杨占峰, 宋志敏, 林郁正 2009 物理学报 58 6973 Google Scholar Zhang Y P, Liu G Z, Shao H, Yang Z F, Song Z M, Lin Y Z 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 6973 Google Scholar
[19]	张运俭, 孟凡宝, 范植开 2007 强激光与粒子束 19 682 Zhang Y J, Meng F B, Fan Z K 2007 High Power Laser and Particle Beams 19 682
[20]	Woo W 1987 Phys. Fluids 30 239 Google Scholar
[21]	Xing Q Z, Wang D, Huang F, Deng J K 2006 IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. 34 584 Google Scholar

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