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稀土掺杂的LiMgPO4(LMP)磷光体是一种很有前景的辐射剂量计材料, 热释光谱技术是研究材料中载流子陷阱和发光中心的有效手段. 为研究稀土掺杂LMP的发光机制, 用高温固相法研制了LMP:Tm, LMP:Tb和LMP:Tm, Tb磷光体, 用线性升温法测量了磷光体的热释光发光曲线和热释光谱, 并将之与荧光谱进行了对比分析. 实验结果表明: 在LiMgPO4磷光体中, Tm3+, Tb3+共掺可使磷光体在300 ℃左右的热释光显著增强; LMP磷光体的热释光谱中可观测到比一般荧光谱更丰富的Tm3+离子和Tb3+离子的跃迁; Tm3+和Tb3+虽然都可成为发光中心, 但Tm3+起主要作用; 结合对热释光谱和荧光谱的深入分析, 可知磷光体中存在Tb3+→Tm3+的能量转移.
LiMgPO4 (LMP) phosphor doped with rare earth is a promising radiation dosimeter material. Thermoluminescence (TL) spectroscopy is an effective method to study the carrier traps and luminescence centers in materials. To study the luminescent mechanism of rare-earth-doped LMP phosphors, LMP phosphors doped with Tm and Tb (LMP:Tm, LMP:Tb and LMP:Tm, Tb) are prepared by high temperature solid state reaction. The TL glow curve and TL spectrum of the phosphors are measured by the linear heating method, and compared with the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. The shape of the TL glow curve of LMP phosphor varies with the doping active impurities, but the TL glow curves can be fitted by seven TL peaks. Double-doping Tm3+ and Tb3+ in LMP phosphor can enhance the TL intensity of the fifth peak (E ~ 1.39 eV) and weaken the seventh TL peak (E ~ 1.70 eV). By comparing the PL spectra with TL spectra of the phosphors, it can be seen that the TL spectra are more complex than the PL spectra excited by ultraviolet light (λ = 352 nm). In the TL process, the electrons which are excited to the conduction band release the energy to recombination centers, and the released energy can more effectively excite the rare earth ions from the ground state to excited states, resulting in the more TL emitting peaks than in the the PL process. Although Tm3+ and Tb3+ can be the luminescent centers in LMP phosphors when Tm3+ and Tb3+ are doped in LMP simultaneously, Tb3+ ions are likely to act as sensitizers in LMP:Tm and LMP:Tb phosphor, and Tb3+ ions transfer energy to the low-energy Tm3+ ions, which makes the luminescent centers, Tm3+ ions, excited to the high-energy state and then de-excited with emitting light. This result is also proved by the fact that the luminescence decay of Tb3+ in phosphors increases with Tm3+ concentration increasing. The energy transfer through non-radiative transition is more significant at higher temperature. -
Keywords:
- LiMgPO4 /
- thermoluminescence /
- luminescence /
- energy transfer
[1] Daniels F, Boyd C A, Saunders D F 1953 Science 117 343Google Scholar
[2] Xiong Z Y, Xu J Y, Zhao F L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Tang Q 2017 J. Lumin. 192 85Google Scholar
[3] ZhangS, HuangY, Shi L, Seo H J 2010 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 22 235402Google Scholar
[4] Gai M Q, Chen C Y, Fan Y W, Wang J H 2013 J. Rare Earths 31 551Google Scholar
[5] Dhabekar B, Menon S N, Raja E A, Bakshi A K, Singh A K, Chougaonkar M P, Mayya Y S 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. A 269 1844Google Scholar
[6] Singh A K, Menon S N, Dhabekar B, Kadam S, Chougaonkar M P, Mayya Y S 2012 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. A 274 177Google Scholar
[7] Bajaj N S, Palan C B, Koparkar K A, Kulkarni M S, Omanwar S K 2016 J. Lumin. 175 915
[8] 郭竞渊, 唐强, 唐桦明, 张纯祥, 罗达铃, 刘小伟 2017 物理学报 66 107802Google Scholar
GuoJ Y, Tang Q, Tang H M, Zhang C X, Luo D L, Liu X W 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 107802Google Scholar
[9] Baran A, Mahlik S, Grinberg M, Cai P, Kim S I, Seo H J 2014 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 26 85401Google Scholar
[10] Kumar M, Dhabekar B, Menon S N, Bakshi A K 2013 Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 155 410Google Scholar
[11] Kumar M, Dhabekar B, Menon S N, Chougaonkar M P, Mayya Y S 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 269 1849Google Scholar
[12] Gieszczyk W, Bilski P, Osowski M K, Nowak T, Malinowski L 2018 Radiat. Meas. 113 1419
[13] Keskin I C, Türemis M, Kat M I, Gültekin S, Arslanlar Y T, Cetin A, Kibar R 2020 J. Lumin. 225 117276Google Scholar
[14] Tang H M, Lin L T, Zhang C X, Tang Q 2019 Inorg. Chem. 58 9698Google Scholar
[15] 郭竞渊, 唐强, 兰婷婷, 张纯祥, 罗达玲 2015 中国稀土学报 33 404
Guo J Y, Tang Q, Lan T T, Zhang C X, Luo D L 2015 J. Chin. Rare Earths Soc. 33 404
[16] Gieszczyk W, Marczewska B, Kosowski M, Mrozik A, Stoch P 2019 Materials 12 2861Google Scholar
[17] Hanic F, Handlovic M, Burdova K, Majling J 1982 J. Cryst. Spectrosc. 12 99Google Scholar
[18] 詹明亮, 陈瑶窈, 续卓, 熊正烨 2020 核技术 43 050501Google Scholar
Zhan M L, Chen Y Y, Xu Z, Xiong Z Y 2020 Nucl. Tech. 43 050501Google Scholar
[19] McKeever S W S 1988 Thermoluminescence of Solids (London: Cambridge University Press) p75
[20] Liu X, Teng Y, Zhuang Y, Xie J, Qiao Y, Dong G, Chen D, Qiu J 2009 Opt. Lett. 22 3565
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图 8 (a) LMP:Tb0.5at%磷光体不同温区的热释光谱 (b) LMP:Tm0.5at%磷光体不同温区的热释光谱 (c) LMP:Tm0.5at%, Tb0.5at%磷光体不同温区的热释光谱
Fig. 8. (a). TL spectra of phosphors LMP:Tb0.5at% in different temperature ranges. (b). TL spectra of phosphors LMP:Tm0.5at% in different temperature ranges. (c). TL spectra of phosphors LMP:Tm0.5at%, Tb0.5at% in different temperature ranges.
表 1 LMP:Tb0.5at%磷光体的热释光陷阱参数
Table 1. TL trap’s parameters of LMP:Tb0.5at% phosphor.
峰序号 E/eV s/Hz n0 b 峰1 0.87 4.18 × 1011 1.68 × 105 1.5 峰2 0.99 2.28 × 1012 1.11 × 105 1.3 峰3 1.02 4.39 × 1011 2.76 × 105 2.0 峰4 1.17 4.88 × 1010 2.84 × 105 2.0 峰5 1.39 1.23 × 1011 1.64 × 105 2.0 峰6 1.64 1.32 × 1012 1.32 × 105 2.0 峰7 1.70 3.67 × 1011 4.84 × 105 1.6 表 2 LMP:Tm0.5at%磷光体的热释光陷阱参数
Table 2. TL trap’s parameters of LMP:Tm0.5at% phosphor.
峰序号 E/eV s/Hz n0 b 峰1 0.89 7.92 × 1011 8.83 × 104 1.2 峰2 1.01 3.31 × 1012 2.34 × 105 2.0 峰3 1.08 8.00 × 1010 1.04 × 105 1.5 峰4 1.20 4.27 × 1010 1.85 × 105 1.2 峰5 1.38 8.32 × 1010 2.83 × 105 1.3 峰6 1.63 1.17 × 1012 4.50 × 104 1.3 峰7 1.69 4.26 × 1011 3.67 × 104 1.0 表 3 LMP:Tb0.5at, Tm0.5at%磷光体的热释光陷阱参数
Table 3. TL trap’s parameters of LMP:Tb0.5at%, Tm0.5at% phosphor.
峰序号 E/eV s/Hz n0 b 峰1 0.85 9.30 × 1011 1.48 × 105 1.9 峰2 0.95 1.89 × 1012 9.83 × 104 2.0 峰3 1.09 2.74 × 1012 4.02 × 104 2.0 峰4 1.16 4.99 × 1011 2.48 × 105 1.4 峰5 1.40 6.26 × 1011 3.80 × 106 1.2 峰6 1.58 8.31 × 1012 2.13 × 105 1.5 峰7 1.70 2.18 × 1012 3.09 × 103 1.1 表 4 LMP:Tb0.5at%, Tm0.5at%磷光体中Tb3+向Tm3+的能量转移效率
Table 4. The efficiency of energy transfer from Tb3+ to Tm3+ in LMP:Tb0.5at%, Tm0.5at% phosphor.
x τ/μs στ/μs ηET σηET 0 66.5 1.1 — — 0.05 33.3 0.3 49.9% 1.0% 0.10 26.6 0.2 60.0% 1.1% 0.20 20.3 0.2 69.5% 1.4% 1.00 13.4 0.3 79.8% 2.3% -
[1] Daniels F, Boyd C A, Saunders D F 1953 Science 117 343Google Scholar
[2] Xiong Z Y, Xu J Y, Zhao F L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Tang Q 2017 J. Lumin. 192 85Google Scholar
[3] ZhangS, HuangY, Shi L, Seo H J 2010 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 22 235402Google Scholar
[4] Gai M Q, Chen C Y, Fan Y W, Wang J H 2013 J. Rare Earths 31 551Google Scholar
[5] Dhabekar B, Menon S N, Raja E A, Bakshi A K, Singh A K, Chougaonkar M P, Mayya Y S 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. A 269 1844Google Scholar
[6] Singh A K, Menon S N, Dhabekar B, Kadam S, Chougaonkar M P, Mayya Y S 2012 Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. A 274 177Google Scholar
[7] Bajaj N S, Palan C B, Koparkar K A, Kulkarni M S, Omanwar S K 2016 J. Lumin. 175 915
[8] 郭竞渊, 唐强, 唐桦明, 张纯祥, 罗达铃, 刘小伟 2017 物理学报 66 107802Google Scholar
GuoJ Y, Tang Q, Tang H M, Zhang C X, Luo D L, Liu X W 2017 Acta Phys. Sin. 66 107802Google Scholar
[9] Baran A, Mahlik S, Grinberg M, Cai P, Kim S I, Seo H J 2014 J. Phys. Condens. Matter 26 85401Google Scholar
[10] Kumar M, Dhabekar B, Menon S N, Bakshi A K 2013 Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 155 410Google Scholar
[11] Kumar M, Dhabekar B, Menon S N, Chougaonkar M P, Mayya Y S 2011 Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 269 1849Google Scholar
[12] Gieszczyk W, Bilski P, Osowski M K, Nowak T, Malinowski L 2018 Radiat. Meas. 113 1419
[13] Keskin I C, Türemis M, Kat M I, Gültekin S, Arslanlar Y T, Cetin A, Kibar R 2020 J. Lumin. 225 117276Google Scholar
[14] Tang H M, Lin L T, Zhang C X, Tang Q 2019 Inorg. Chem. 58 9698Google Scholar
[15] 郭竞渊, 唐强, 兰婷婷, 张纯祥, 罗达玲 2015 中国稀土学报 33 404
Guo J Y, Tang Q, Lan T T, Zhang C X, Luo D L 2015 J. Chin. Rare Earths Soc. 33 404
[16] Gieszczyk W, Marczewska B, Kosowski M, Mrozik A, Stoch P 2019 Materials 12 2861Google Scholar
[17] Hanic F, Handlovic M, Burdova K, Majling J 1982 J. Cryst. Spectrosc. 12 99Google Scholar
[18] 詹明亮, 陈瑶窈, 续卓, 熊正烨 2020 核技术 43 050501Google Scholar
Zhan M L, Chen Y Y, Xu Z, Xiong Z Y 2020 Nucl. Tech. 43 050501Google Scholar
[19] McKeever S W S 1988 Thermoluminescence of Solids (London: Cambridge University Press) p75
[20] Liu X, Teng Y, Zhuang Y, Xie J, Qiao Y, Dong G, Chen D, Qiu J 2009 Opt. Lett. 22 3565
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