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In this paper, a novel miniaturized electronical controlled notch band filter based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) with inverted “山”-shaped unit is designed and experimentally demonstrated. The notch band filter is mainly composed of four parts: microstrip transmission line, transition structure, inverted “山”-shaped SSPPs, and split ring resonator (SRR) structure, and a varactor diode is embedded in the slit notch of the SRR structure to realize electronic control. Comparing with the traditional SSPP unit with the same lateral size, the dispersion curve of the proposed inverted “山”-shaped unit shows better slow wave characteristics, and the asymptotic frequency is reduced to 55%. The frequency of the notch band can be dynamically controlled by adjusting the external bias voltage at both ends of the varactor diode. As the external bias voltage increases from 0.5 V to 30 V, the notch band frequency can be changed from 2.1 GHz to 2.3 GHz and achieve easily electronic regulation. The simulation results show that the notched band filter achieves low insertion loss (S21 < –1 dB) and great return loss (S11 > –10 dB) in the pass band, which has the advantage of miniaturization with the size only 0.78λg × 0.35λg. It is worth noting that when the equivalent capacitance of the slit notch is changed, the transmission coefficient of the notched band is always less than –15 dB, showing superior band-stop performance. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the electric field distribution of notch band filter, the transmission mechanism of microwave signal is further verified. In order to verify the its effectiveness, the traditional printed circuit board technology is used to fabricate notch band filter. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation ones, verifying the feasibility of the design. The electronically controlled notch band filter has higher integration and can effectively suppress the interference frequency band.
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Keywords:
- spoof surface plasmon polaritons /
- electronic control /
- notch band filter /
- resonator
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图 1 (a)矩形、T形、开口环形和倒山形SSPP 结构; (b)色散曲线的比较
Figure 1. (a) Rectangular, T-shaped, split-ring shaped, inverted “山”-shaped SSPP structure; (b) comparison of dispersion curves.
图 2 (a) SSPP波导示意图; (b) 对应的等效LC电路; (c)电磁和等效LC电路仿真S参数(S11和 S21)
Figure 2. (a) Schematic of the SSPP waveguide; (b) the corresponding equivalent LC circuit model; (c) the comparisons of S-parameters (S11 and S21) from EM and equivalent LC circuit simulations.
图 3 (a)电可调缺口带滤波器示意图; (b) 对应的等效LC电路; (c)电磁和等效LC电路仿真得到的S参数(S11和S21); (d)电磁仿真得到的S参数(S11和S21)相位
Figure 3. (a) Schematic diagram of an electrically adjustable notched band filter; (b) the corresponding equivalent LC circuit model; (c) comparisons of S-parameters (S11 and S21) from EM and equivalent LC circuit simulations; (d) the phases of S-parameters (S11 and S21) from EM simulation.
图 4 缺口带滤波器的LC等效电路传输系数随等效电容的变化
Figure 4. Transmission coefficient of the notched band filter as a function of equivalent capacitance.
图 5 1.5 GHz, 2.25 GHz和5.0 GHz处的z分量电场分布
Figure 5. z-component electric field distribution at 1.5 GHz, 2.25 GHz and 5.0 GHz.
图 6 (a)电可调缺口带滤波器的实物图; (b)—(d)模拟和实测的S参数对比曲线.
Figure 6. (a) Physical plot of electrically adjustable notched band filter; (b)–(d) the comparison curves of simulated and measured S-parameters.
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[1] Bi X K, Zhang X, Huang G L, Yuan T 2019 IEEE Access 7 49169
Google Scholar
[2] Pendry J B, Martin-Moreno L, Garcia-Vidal F J 2004 Science 305 847
Google Scholar
[3] Liao Z, Zhao J, Pan B C 2014 Appl. Phys. 47 315103
Google Scholar
[4] Sun S P, Cheng Y Z, Luo H, Chen F, Li X C 2023 Plasmonics 18 165
Google Scholar
[5] Li X P, Zhang J X, Yang H L, Xi X L 2022 J. Electron. Inf. Technol. 44 1327 [李绪平, 张佳翔, 杨海龙, 席晓莉 2022 电子与信息学报 44 1327]
Google Scholar
Li X P, Zhang J X, Yang H L, Xi X L 2022 J. Electron. Inf. Technol.44 1327 Google Scholar
[6] 孙淑鹏, 程用志, 罗辉, 陈浮, 李享成 2023 物理学报 72 064101
Google Scholar
Sun S P, Cheng Y Z, Luo H, Chen F, Li X C 2023 Acta Phys. Sin. 72 064101
Google Scholar
[7] 朱华利, 张勇, 叶龙芳 2022 光学学报 42 1523001
Google Scholar
Zhu H L, Zhang Y, Ye L F 2022 Acta Opt. Sin. 42 1523001
Google Scholar
[8] Chen P, Li L, Yang K, Chen Q 2018 IEEE Microw. Wirel. Co. 28 984
Google Scholar
[9] 罗宇轩, 程用志, 陈浮, 罗辉, 李享成 2023 物理学报 72 044101
Google Scholar
Luo Y X, Cheng Y Z, Chen F, Luo H, Li X C 2023 Acta Phys. Sin 72 044101
Google Scholar
[10] 朱登玮, 曾瑞敏, 唐泽恬, 丁召, 杨晨 2020 激光与光电子学进展 57 172401
Google Scholar
Zhu D W, Zeng R M, Tang Z T, Ding Z, Yang C 2020 Laser Optoelectron. Prog. 57 172401
Google Scholar
[11] Sangam R S, Kshetrimayum R S 2021 IET Microw. Antennas Propag. 15 289
Google Scholar
[12] Wang J, Zhao L, Hao Z C, Shen X P, Cui T J 2019 Optics Letters 44 3374
Google Scholar
[13] Kianinejad A, Chen Z N, Qiu C W 2015 IEEE T. Microw. Theory. 63 1817
Google Scholar
[14] Yin J Y, Ren J, Zhang Q, Zhang H C, Liu Y Q, Li Y B, Wan X, Cui T J 2016 IEEE T. Antenn. Propag. 64 5181
Google Scholar
[15] Wang Z X, Zhang H C, Lu J Y 2019 J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 52 025107
Google Scholar
[16] Ye L F, Chen Z K, Zhang Y 2022 IEEE T. Circuits-II 70 1445
Google Scholar
[17] Xu J, Zhang H C, Tang W X 2016 Appl. Phys. Lett. 108 191906
Google Scholar
[18] Lin H, Yu J B, Xiao B G 2023 J. Phys. B 56 075401
Google Scholar
[19] Liu H, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Ma H 2019 IEEE Access 7 44212
Google Scholar
[20] Jiang T, Shen L, Zhang X 2009 Prog. Electromagn. Res. 8 91
Google Scholar
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