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Utilizing the principle of the Feynman ratchet, it is possible to rectify the random motion into directed flow of particles under a nonequilibrium environment. In this paper, an experimental setup for a dusty plasma metal straight ratchet is designed to create an asymmetric plasma environment along the ratchet channel, enabling a controllable rectification of micron-sized dust particles. Monodispersed dust particles can form a directional flow in the ratchet channel, and the transport direction could be precisely controlled by adjusting the discharge power and the gas pressure. Research on the transport of dust particles of varying sizes proves that the rectification effect is universal. To reveal the rectification mechanism of dust particles, a fluid model of plasma is employed to calculate the two-dimensional distribution of plasma parameters within the ratchet channel. Further research through Langevin simulation shows that dust particles experience ratchet potentials with distinct asymmetric orientations at different suspension heights within the ratchet channel, leading to different transport directions. The results of this paper provide a theoretical and experimental foundation for further achieving the separation of bi-disperse particles in dusty plasma metal straight ratchets.
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Keywords:
- dusty plasma /
- ratchet /
- rectification
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