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The magnetized coaxial gun is an efficient plasma injection device with significant applications in fusion fueling, astrophysical jet simulation, and magnetic reconnection studies. In this work, three typical discharge regions—spheromak region, diffusive region, and jet region—were observed using high-speed imaging and magnetic field measurements. The dynamic characteristics of the plasma in each region were systematically investigated. Based on ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory, the magnetic field configurations, rotational behavior, and axial motion mechanisms of the plasma in different regions were carefully analyzed. The results show that in the spheromak region, the plasma reaches a Taylor-relaxed state, exhibits uniform rotation, and forms a stable compact torus (CT) structure. In the diffusive region, a relatively strong bias magnetic field leads to faster rotation, enhanced centrifugal force, and consequently, intense radial diffusion. In the jet region, due to the weaker bias field, the plasma accumulates at the tip of the inner electrode, exhibiting a clear pinch effect and forming a jet with axial instability. These findings not only deepen the understanding of the discharge physics of magnetized coaxial guns but also provide valuable experimental and theoretical support for numerical simulations and the development of efficient plasma sources.
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Keywords:
- magnetized coaxial plasma gun /
- spheromak /
- plasma dynamics /
- ideal MHD
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