基于基频放大的紫外皮秒355 nm输出效率提升系统

张旭东; 储玉喜; 贾威; 胡明列

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20190876

摘要

在腔外和频获得紫外355 nm皮秒激光输出的过程中, 和频晶体的长度是影响转换效率的重要因素. 和频过程的激光输入参数和晶体吸收系数都会影响和频晶体的最适长度选取. 目前缺乏对于腔外和频产生紫外355 nm激光过程中输入激光光子数配比以及晶体吸收对于和频晶体最适长度影响的研究. 本文基于三波耦合方程进行了理论推导和数值模拟, 讨论了不同入射条件下最高和频效率的稳态解, 分析了不同光子数配比以及LiB₃O₅晶体吸收对于最适和频晶体长度的影响, 提出了放大基频光同时缩短晶体长度并提高转换效率的方案. 在该方案中, 将1064 nm皮秒基频光在倍频产生532 nm二次谐波后进行分离放大, 再与532 nm倍频光在LiB₃O₅晶体内进行和频, 从而产生紫外355 nm皮秒激光输出. 模拟结果表明, 通过基频放大改变和频过程中的光子数配比, 可以缩短取得最高转换效率的和频晶体最适长度, 同时减少和频晶体对于355 nm激光的吸收和走离影响, 输出功率较传统方案提升40%以上, 从而获得了高效率紫外355 nm皮秒激光输出.

关键词:

Abstract

In recent years, picosecond laser in ultraviolet (UV) has manifested great importance for applications both in science and industry, such as biomedical research, micro machining, etc. Now, the well proven approach to generating ultra-short UV pulses is extra-cavity frequency conversion based on nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, due to the lack of suitable laser sources directly generating UV laser. In this process of harmonic generation, the length of nonlinear crystal is an important factor affecting the conversion efficiency and beam-quality. The optimal length of the nonlinear crystal is influenced by incident laser parameters and crystal absorption coefficient. At present, for the UV 355 nm picosecond laser generated from extra-cavity sum frequency, published are few reports about detailed analysis and research on the influence of photon ratio of the incident laser beams and nonlinear crystal absorption on optimal length of sum frequency crystal. In this paper, the steady-state solutions with the highest conversion efficiency under different incident conditions are obtained by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of the three waves coupling equations. The effects of different photon ratios and absorption effect of the sum frequency crystal on the optimum crystal length are analyzed. We propose a solution based on the fundamental frequency laser amplified to shorten crystal length and improve conversion efficiency. In this scheme, the 532 nm second harmonic laser with a high conversion efficiency over 65% can be achieved by LiB₃O₅ crystal. After that, the 1064 nm fundamental frequency laser is separated from the second harmonic laser, and then it is amplified by the Nd:YVO₄ laser crystal pumped by an 808 nm laser diode. Finally, the ultraviolet 355 nm picosecond laser is obtained by combining the 1064 nm fundamental frequency laser with the 532 nm second harmonic laser in the LiB₃O₅ crystal. The simulation results show that the incident photon ratio of the sum frequency reaction can be changed by amplifying the residual fundamental frequency laser, and the optimum length of the sum-frequency crystal corresponding to the highest conversion efficiency can be shortened. Meanwhile, the absorption and walk-away effect of the sum frequency crystal can be also reduced. The final 355 nm laser output power can be increased more than 40 percent compared with the traditional scheme of early reports. In consequence, the high sum frequency conversion efficiency of the UV 355 nm picosecond laser can be obtained by changing the photo ratio of the incident laser beams through amplifying the fundamental frequency laser.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院, 超快激光研究室, 光电信息技术教育部重点实验室, 天津　300072

通信作者: 储玉喜, chuyuxi@tju.edu.cn

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61805174, 61535009, 61827821, 61377041, 11527808)

Authors and contacts

Ultrafast Laser Laboratory, College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronic Information Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

Corresponding author: Chu Yu-Xi, chuyuxi@tju.edu.cn

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61805174, 61535009, 61827821, 61377041, 11527808)

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参考文献

[1]	Klein-Wiele J H, Bekesi J, Simon P 2004 Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 79 775 Google Scholar
[2]	Chen T C, Darling R B 2008 J. Mater. Process. Technol. 198 248 Google Scholar
[3]	Norreys P A, Zepf M, Moustaizis S, Fews A P, Zhang J, Lee P, Bakarezos M, Danson C N, Dyson A, Gibbon P, Loukakos P, Neely D, Walsh F N, Wark J S, Dangor A E 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 1832 Google Scholar
[4]	Gray R J, Yuan X H, Carroll D C, Brenner C M, Coury M, Quinn M N, Tresca O, Zielbauer B, Aurand B, Bagnoud V, Fils J, Kühl T, Lin X X, Li C, Li Y T, Roth M, Neely D, McKenna P 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 171502 Google Scholar
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[6]	Ubachs W, Eikema K S E, Hogervorst W, Cacciani P C 1997 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 14 2469 Google Scholar
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[8]	Sharp D G 1939 J. Bacteriol. 37 447
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[11]	Hodgson N, Dudley D, Gruber L, Jordan W, Hoffman H 2001 Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Baltimore, MD, USA, May 11, 2001 p389
[12]	Wang C X, Wang G Y, Hicks A V, Dudley D R, Pang H Y, Hodgson N 2006 Solid State Lasers XV: Technology and Devices (Vol. 6100) (San Francisco: SPIE) p610019
[13]	Zhu P, Li D, Liu Q, Chen J, Fu S, Shi P, Du K, Loosen P 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 4716 Google Scholar
[14]	Yap Y K, Inagaki M, Nakajima S, Mori Y, Sasaki T 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 1348 Google Scholar
[15]	Zhang J, Wang L, Wu Y, Wang G, Fu P, Wu Y 2011 Opt. Express 19 16722 Google Scholar
[16]	Zhang J, Wang L, Li Y, Wang G, Zhang G, Wu Y 2012 Opt. Express 20 16490 Google Scholar
[17]	Li K, Zhang L, Xu D, Zhang G, Yu H, Wang Y, Shan F, Wang L 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 3305 Google Scholar
[18]	尤晨华, 范琦康, 陆祖康, 尤桂铭 1989 光学学报 9 401 Google Scholar You C H, Fan Q K, Lu Z Q, You G M 1989 Acta Opt. Sin. 9 401 Google Scholar
[19]	Ueda K, Orii Y, Takahashi Y, Okada G, Mori Y, Yoshimura M 2016 Opt. Express 24 30465 Google Scholar
[20]	Huang J Y, Shen Y R, Chen C, Wu B 1991 Appl. Phys. Lett. 58 1579 Google Scholar
[21]	Armstrong J A, Bloembergen N, Ducuing J, Pershan P S 1962 Phys. Rev. 127 1918 Google Scholar
[22]	姚建铨 1995 非线性光学频率变换及激光调谐技术 (北京: 科学出版社) 第69页 Yao J Q 1995 Technic of Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion and Laser Tunable Technic (Beijing: Science Press) p69 (in Chinese)

施引文献

图 1 (a) 传统的355 nm产生装置图; (b) 基于基频放大的紫外皮秒355 nm输出效率提升系统装置图

Fig. 1. (a) Diagram of the traditional 355 nm generating device; (b) diagram of the UV picosecond 355 nm output efficiency improvement system based on fundamental frequency amplification

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 M = 1∶2时晶体中1064, 532和355 nm功率密度变化曲线

Fig. 2. Power density curves of 1064, 532 and 355 nm laser in crystal with M = 1∶2.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 M = 1∶1时晶体中1064, 532, 和355 nm功率密度变化曲线

Fig. 3. Power density curves of 1064, 532 and 355 nm laser in crystal with M = 1∶1.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 传统方案紫外355 nm输出功率与晶体长度关系曲线

Fig. 4. Relationship between UV 355 nm output power and crystal length under traditional scheme

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同功率密度配比M对晶体长度和转换效率的影响

Fig. 5. Effect of different power density ratios M on crystal length and conversion efficiency.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 基频放大方案紫外355 nm输出功率与晶体长度关系曲线

Fig. 6. Relationship between UV 355 nm output power and crystal length based on fundamental frequency amplification

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 不同功率密度配比M条件下峰值转换效率对应的晶体长度

Table 1. Crystal lengths corresponding to the peak conversion as to different power density ratios M

M 1∶2 2∶2 3∶2 4∶2 5∶2

晶体长度/mm 12.2 7.0 5.4 4.6 4.1

下载: 导出CSV

[1]	Klein-Wiele J H, Bekesi J, Simon P 2004 Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process. 79 775 Google Scholar
[2]	Chen T C, Darling R B 2008 J. Mater. Process. Technol. 198 248 Google Scholar
[3]	Norreys P A, Zepf M, Moustaizis S, Fews A P, Zhang J, Lee P, Bakarezos M, Danson C N, Dyson A, Gibbon P, Loukakos P, Neely D, Walsh F N, Wark J S, Dangor A E 1996 Phys. Rev. Lett. 76 1832 Google Scholar
[4]	Gray R J, Yuan X H, Carroll D C, Brenner C M, Coury M, Quinn M N, Tresca O, Zielbauer B, Aurand B, Bagnoud V, Fils J, Kühl T, Lin X X, Li C, Li Y T, Roth M, Neely D, McKenna P 2011 Appl. Phys. Lett. 99 171502 Google Scholar
[5]	Raith A, Perkins W T, Pearce N J G, Jeffries T E 1996 Fresenius' J. Anal. Chem. 355 789
[6]	Ubachs W, Eikema K S E, Hogervorst W, Cacciani P C 1997 J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 14 2469 Google Scholar
[7]	Francis A L, Warner J W, Telfair W B, Yoder P R, Martin C A 1989 Arch. Ophthalmol. 107 131 Google Scholar
[8]	Sharp D G 1939 J. Bacteriol. 37 447
[9]	Rastogi V K, Wallace L, Smith L S 2007 Mil. Med. 172 1166 Google Scholar
[10]	Craxton R S 1980 Opt. Commun. 34 474 Google Scholar
[11]	Hodgson N, Dudley D, Gruber L, Jordan W, Hoffman H 2001 Summaries of papers presented at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Baltimore, MD, USA, May 11, 2001 p389
[12]	Wang C X, Wang G Y, Hicks A V, Dudley D R, Pang H Y, Hodgson N 2006 Solid State Lasers XV: Technology and Devices (Vol. 6100) (San Francisco: SPIE) p610019
[13]	Zhu P, Li D, Liu Q, Chen J, Fu S, Shi P, Du K, Loosen P 2013 Opt. Lett. 38 4716 Google Scholar
[14]	Yap Y K, Inagaki M, Nakajima S, Mori Y, Sasaki T 1996 Opt. Lett. 21 1348 Google Scholar
[15]	Zhang J, Wang L, Wu Y, Wang G, Fu P, Wu Y 2011 Opt. Express 19 16722 Google Scholar
[16]	Zhang J, Wang L, Li Y, Wang G, Zhang G, Wu Y 2012 Opt. Express 20 16490 Google Scholar
[17]	Li K, Zhang L, Xu D, Zhang G, Yu H, Wang Y, Shan F, Wang L 2014 Opt. Lett. 39 3305 Google Scholar
[18]	尤晨华, 范琦康, 陆祖康, 尤桂铭 1989 光学学报 9 401 Google Scholar You C H, Fan Q K, Lu Z Q, You G M 1989 Acta Opt. Sin. 9 401 Google Scholar
[19]	Ueda K, Orii Y, Takahashi Y, Okada G, Mori Y, Yoshimura M 2016 Opt. Express 24 30465 Google Scholar
[20]	Huang J Y, Shen Y R, Chen C, Wu B 1991 Appl. Phys. Lett. 58 1579 Google Scholar
[21]	Armstrong J A, Bloembergen N, Ducuing J, Pershan P S 1962 Phys. Rev. 127 1918 Google Scholar
[22]	姚建铨 1995 非线性光学频率变换及激光调谐技术 (北京: 科学出版社) 第69页 Yao J Q 1995 Technic of Nonlinear Optical Frequency Conversion and Laser Tunable Technic (Beijing: Science Press) p69 (in Chinese)

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基于基频放大的紫外皮秒355 nm输出效率提升系统