基于腔内球差选模产生高阶拉盖尔-高斯模式激光

刘俊杰; 盛泉; 王盟; 张钧翔; 耿兴宁; 石争; 王爱华; 史伟; 姚建铨

doi:10.7498/aps.71.20211514

摘要

本文报道了基于腔内球差在端泵Nd:YVO₄激光器中选择单一高阶拉盖尔-高斯(LG)振荡模式的实验研究. 在激光谐振腔内使用短焦距透镜引入明显的球差, 使具有不同光斑半径的各阶LG模式的光路在空间上发生分离, 从而实现对模式的选择作用, 1.03 W泵浦功率下线偏振1064 nm激光能够在LG_0,±10和LG_0,±33之间以单横模工作. 分析发现适当的横模间球差是抑制边模、选择单一高阶LG模式的必要条件, 而过大的球差又会导致单一LG模式自身遭受明显的损耗, 不利于产生高阶的LG模式输出. 据此进一步优化实验参数, 获得了角向指数m达到±75的高阶LG模式输出.

关键词:

Abstract

The high-order Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode output from an end-pumped Nd:YVO₄ laser cavity with strong spherical aberration (SA) induced by short-focal-length lens is studied in this work. A long-focal-length lens L1 is used in the cavity to expand and collimate the beam, so that the beam incident on another short-focal-length lens L2 in the cavity undergoes a strong SA. Since the ring-shaped LG modes with different values of angular index m have different beam radii, the actual focal points of each order of beam are then spatially displaced. A flat output coupler (OC) is located near the focal point of L2, which is composed of a cat-eye retroreflector together with the lens. Such a retroreflector can provide only ideal retroreflection to the incident beam with a focal point exactly on the OC. Given the focal point displacements of the LG beams with different orders, such a mechanism can be used for implementing the transverse mode selection. The mode which has an actual focal point on the OC has a smaller loss than the other defocused modes. With an a-cut Nd:YVO₄ as laser crystal, scalar (linear-polarized) single-mode LG output with radical index p = 0 and angular index m>0 is obtained. The laser mode-order is selectable from LG_{0, ±10} to LG_{0, ±33} under 878.6-nm incident diode pump power of 1.03 W, by simply adjusting the distance between the OC and L2 in a range of 0.5 mm, when using lens L1 with f = 150 mm and lens L2 of f = 33.9 mm. It is found that sufficient SA which makes the optical paths of the neighboring modes well distinguishable is essential for single-mode operation of a wanted order of LG mode. However, too strong an SA can stop the high-order mode beam from oscillating, since the width and radius of the ring-shaped LG mode are an increasing function of indices p and m, which bring a stronger loss to the corresponding mode. Based on this analysis, we turn to a focal-length combination of f₁ = 100 mm and f₂ = 51.8 mm, to reduce the SA to a level suitable for further higher mode operation. A highest-order LG_{0, ±75} is obtained by such an SA mode-selecting technique under fixed pump power of 1.03 W.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
天津大学精密仪器与光电子工程学院, 天津　300072

2.
天津大学, 光电信息技术教育部重点实验室, 天津　300072

3.
天津津航技术物理研究所, 天津　300308

4.
光电信息控制和安全技术重点实验室, 天津　300308

通信作者: 盛泉, shengquan@tju.edu.cn ; 史伟, shiwei@tju.edu.cn ;

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号: 61975146)资助的课题

Authors and contacts

1.
School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

2.
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Science and Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

3.
Tianjin Jinhang Institute of Technical Physics, Tianjin 300308, China

4.
Science and Technology on Electro-Optical Information Security Control Laboratory, Tianjin 300308, China

Corresponding author: Sheng Quan, shengquan@tju.edu.cn ; Shi Wei, shiwei@tju.edu.cn ;

Funds: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61975146).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Miles J P 2017 Opt. Express 25 11265 Google Scholar
[2]	Forbes A 2019 Laser Photonics Rev. 13 1900140 Google Scholar
[3]	Omatsu T, Miyamoto K, Lee A J 2017 J. Opt. 19 123002 Google Scholar
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[5]	张光宇, 刘琳婧, 张成龙 2017 光子学报 46 0101001 Zhang G Y, Liu L J, Zhang C L 2017 Acta Phot. Sin. 46 0101001
[6]	Bisson J F, Senatsky Y, Ueda K I 2005 Laser Phys. Lett. 2 327 Google Scholar
[7]	Zhao Y, Liu Q, Zhou W, Shen D 2016 Opt. Express 24 15596 Google Scholar
[8]	徐云, 余俊杰, 韩侠辉, 李桂运, 夏克贵, 周常河, 李建郎 2016 中国激光 43 14 Xu Y, Yu J J, Han X H, Li G Y, Xia K G, Zhou C H, Li J L 2016 Chin. J. Las. 43 14
[9]	Ma Y, Lee A J, Pask H M, Miyamoto K, Omatsu T 2020 Opt. Express 28 24095 Google Scholar
[10]	Ito A, Kozawa Y, Sato S 2010 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 27 2072
[11]	Lee A J, Omatsu T, Pask H M 2013 Opt. Express 21 12401 Google Scholar
[12]	Chen Y F, Lan Y P, Wang S C 2001 Appl. Phys. B 72 167 Google Scholar
[13]	Luo S Y, Cai Z P, Sheng C X, Li L, Chen Q 2020 Opt. Laser Technol. 127 106185 Google Scholar
[14]	Kogelnik H, Li T 1966 Appl. Opt. 5 1550
[15]	Belanger P, Pare C 1991 Opt. Lett. 16 1057 Google Scholar
[16]	Yonezawa K, Kozawa Y, Sato S 2006 Opt. Lett. 31 2151 Google Scholar
[17]	郁道银, 谈恒英 2016 工程光学 (北京: 机械工业出版社) Yu D Y, Tan H Y 2016 Engineering Optics (Vol. 4) (Beijing: China Machine Press) (in Chinese)
[18]	姚强强, 王启晗, 冯池, 陈思, 金光勇, 董渊 2018 物理学报 67 174204 Google Scholar Yao Q Q, Wang Q H, Feng C, Chen S, Jin G Y, Dong Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 174204 Google Scholar
[19]	Senatsky Y, Bisson J F, Shelobolin A, Shirakawa A, Ueda K 2009 Laser Phys. 19 911 Google Scholar
[20]	Thirugnanasambandam M P, Senatsky Y 2010 Laser Phys. Lett. 7 637 Google Scholar
[21]	Senatsky Y, Bission J F, Li J, Shirakawa A, Thirugnanasambandam M, Ueda K 2012 Opt. Rev. 19 201 Google Scholar
[22]	Wang M, Ma Y, Sheng Q, He X, Liu J, Shi W, Yao J, Omatsu T 2021 Opt. Express 29 27783 Google Scholar

施引文献

图 1 高阶拉盖尔-高斯模式激光器光路示意图

Fig. 1. Schematic of the high-order Laguerre-Gaussian mode laser.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 不同角向指数m的LG_{0, ±m}光束理论相对尺寸

Fig. 2. Calculated relative beam sizes of the LG_{0, ±m} mode laser.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 输出镜M2处于不同位置时激光输出的典型近场和远场光斑(入射泵浦功率1.03 W)

Fig. 3. Typical near- and Far-field beam patterns of the laser output when the output coupler M2 was located at different positions (incident pump power 1.03 W).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 激光器处于不同运转模式时的激光输出功率(泵浦功率1.03 W)

Fig. 4. Laser output power when the laser operating in different modes (pump power 1.03 W).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 不同环形光斑半径时球差引起的焦点偏移计算值

Fig. 5. Calculated focal point displacement induced by SA considering the radius of the ring LG beams.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同角向指数m对应的透镜L2处LG_{0, m}模式的光斑半径以及环宽度（对基模TEM₀₀光斑半径w归一）

Fig. 6. Calculated beam radii and the ring widths of the LG_{0, m} mode with different angular indices m at the lens L2 (normalized to the beam radius w of fundamental mode TEM₀₀).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 LG_{0, ±75}高阶横模输出的近场(a)和远场(b)激光光斑(泵浦功率1.03 W)

Fig. 7. (a) Near-field and (b) far-field beam patterns of the LG_{0, ±75} high-order transverse mode output (pump power 1.03 W).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

[1]	Miles J P 2017 Opt. Express 25 11265 Google Scholar
[2]	Forbes A 2019 Laser Photonics Rev. 13 1900140 Google Scholar
[3]	Omatsu T, Miyamoto K, Lee A J 2017 J. Opt. 19 123002 Google Scholar
[4]	王延娜, 赵迪, 方爱平, 蒋臣威, 高韶燕, 李福利 2015 物理学报 64 224214 Google Scholar Wang Y N, Zhao D, Fang A P, Jiang C W, Gao S Y, Li F L 2015 Acta Phys. Sin. 64 224214 Google Scholar
[5]	张光宇, 刘琳婧, 张成龙 2017 光子学报 46 0101001 Zhang G Y, Liu L J, Zhang C L 2017 Acta Phot. Sin. 46 0101001
[6]	Bisson J F, Senatsky Y, Ueda K I 2005 Laser Phys. Lett. 2 327 Google Scholar
[7]	Zhao Y, Liu Q, Zhou W, Shen D 2016 Opt. Express 24 15596 Google Scholar
[8]	徐云, 余俊杰, 韩侠辉, 李桂运, 夏克贵, 周常河, 李建郎 2016 中国激光 43 14 Xu Y, Yu J J, Han X H, Li G Y, Xia K G, Zhou C H, Li J L 2016 Chin. J. Las. 43 14
[9]	Ma Y, Lee A J, Pask H M, Miyamoto K, Omatsu T 2020 Opt. Express 28 24095 Google Scholar
[10]	Ito A, Kozawa Y, Sato S 2010 J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 27 2072
[11]	Lee A J, Omatsu T, Pask H M 2013 Opt. Express 21 12401 Google Scholar
[12]	Chen Y F, Lan Y P, Wang S C 2001 Appl. Phys. B 72 167 Google Scholar
[13]	Luo S Y, Cai Z P, Sheng C X, Li L, Chen Q 2020 Opt. Laser Technol. 127 106185 Google Scholar
[14]	Kogelnik H, Li T 1966 Appl. Opt. 5 1550
[15]	Belanger P, Pare C 1991 Opt. Lett. 16 1057 Google Scholar
[16]	Yonezawa K, Kozawa Y, Sato S 2006 Opt. Lett. 31 2151 Google Scholar
[17]	郁道银, 谈恒英 2016 工程光学 (北京: 机械工业出版社) Yu D Y, Tan H Y 2016 Engineering Optics (Vol. 4) (Beijing: China Machine Press) (in Chinese)
[18]	姚强强, 王启晗, 冯池, 陈思, 金光勇, 董渊 2018 物理学报 67 174204 Google Scholar Yao Q Q, Wang Q H, Feng C, Chen S, Jin G Y, Dong Y 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 174204 Google Scholar
[19]	Senatsky Y, Bisson J F, Shelobolin A, Shirakawa A, Ueda K 2009 Laser Phys. 19 911 Google Scholar
[20]	Thirugnanasambandam M P, Senatsky Y 2010 Laser Phys. Lett. 7 637 Google Scholar
[21]	Senatsky Y, Bission J F, Li J, Shirakawa A, Thirugnanasambandam M, Ueda K 2012 Opt. Rev. 19 201 Google Scholar
[22]	Wang M, Ma Y, Sheng Q, He X, Liu J, Shi W, Yao J, Omatsu T 2021 Opt. Express 29 27783 Google Scholar

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基于腔内球差选模产生高阶拉盖尔-高斯模式激光