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采用全红外光激发Rydberg原子的方案,选择探测光(852 nm)、缀饰光(1470 nm)和耦合光(780 nm),利用三光子激发方式实现了Cs原子Rydberg态(49P3/2)的制备.实验上,观测到射频电场作用下7S1/2 → 49P3/2Rydberg 跃迁形成的电磁感应透明(EIT)效应,实现对Rydberg 原子的光学探测,根据EIT光谱的变化来探究射频电场的幅度和频率对光谱的影响.研究表明,随着射频电场幅度的增强,观察到光谱现象从越发明显的ac Stark 能移逐步过渡到复杂混合态的多个调制边带,并根据EIT主峰的频移进一步讨论频率对铯泡中电场屏蔽的影响.采用将低频电场调制到射频电场的方式,实现了50 Hz~1 kHz范围内电场的解调,并对解调信号的幅度和频率进行拟合,保真度达到95%.研究结果对光谱探测和低频电场的可溯源测量等提供有价值的参考.
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关键词:
- Rydberg原子 /
- 电磁感应透明光谱 /
- 射频电场 /
- ac Stark 能移
The large electric dipole moment of the Rydberg atom allows strong coupling to weak electric fields and is widely used in electric field measurements because of its reproducibility, precision and stability. The combination of Rydberg atoms and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technology has been used for the detection and characterisation of radio-frequency (RF) electric fields． In this work, the preparation of the Rydberg state (49P3/2) of the Cs atom was achieved using three-photon excitation with a scheme of all-infrared light excitation of the Rydberg atom by selecting the probe light (852 nm), the dressing light (1470 nm) and the coupling light (780 nm). We have experimentally observed the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra of the Rydberg states decorated with radio-frequency electric fields, which optically detects Rydberg atoms. The effect of the amplitude and frequency of the RF electric field on the spectrum is explored in the light of changes in the EIT spectrum. It has been demonstrated that in the region of weak electric field amplitude, only the ac Stark energy shift and spectral broadening occur. As the electric field is further enhanced, the sideband phenomenon occurs in both the primary and secondary peaks of the EIT. In the region of strong field, the Rydberg energy level produces a series of Floquet states with higher-order terms, as well as state shifting and mixing, resulting in asymmetry in the spectra of the EIT sideband peaks. We further discuss the study of the effect of frequency on the shielding effect of the Cs vapor cell based on the shift of the main peak of the EIT. The demodulation of the electric field in the range of 50 Hz ~ 1 kHz with a fidelity of 95% is achieved by using the modulation of the low-frequency electric field to the RF electric field. The results can provide valuable references for spectral detection and traceable measurements of low-frequency electric fields.-
Keywords:
- Rydberg atoms /
- electromagnetically induced transparency spectroscopy /
- radio-frequency fields /
- ac Stark energy shift
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