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液体中平动和转动的耦合性是凝聚态物理长期关注的问题之一，本文采用介电谱方法同时获得了系列小分子液体中α弛豫的弛豫时间和探针离子的电导率。样品包括具有不同分子形状和官能团的碳原子数跨度在3到14范围内的15种一元和二元小分子液体。分析结果表明平动和转动的耦合性与液体分子的官能团并没有直接的对应关系，对分子形状、大小和离子大小也不是十分敏感，但是液体的微观结构是影响平动和转动耦合性的重要因素。也就是，无论在一元还是二元体系中，液体的微观结构没有改变时电导率的倒数和弛豫时间与温度的依赖关系具有一致性，这也为弛豫时间的测量提供了一种方法。研究结果还表明，液体中自身携带的杂质离子与定量掺入离子的电导率的温度依赖关系相同，为电解质溶解度低的有机小分子液体中离子电导率行为的研究提供了思路。本文中单羟基醇的实验结果也与单羟基醇中α弛豫而非Debye弛豫对应于体系结构弛豫的观点相一致。The coupling between translational and rotational motion in liquids is one of the permanent problems in condensed matter physics. The relaxation time of α relaxation and probe ion conductivity in a series of small molecule liquids, 15 types of single and binary small molecule liquids with different molecular shapes and functional groups when the number of carbon atoms is in the range of 3 to 14, are simultaneously obtained by dielectric spectroscopy method in this paper. The results indicate that the coupling between translation and rotation does not directly relate to the functional group of liquid molecules, meanwhile not very sensitive to the shape and size of molecules or ion size. However, the microstructure of liquids is a key factor affecting the coupling between translation and rotation. In other words, when the microstructure of the liquid is unchanged, the dependence of relaxation time on temperature agrees with that of reciprocal of conductivity whether in single or binary small molecule liquids, providing a method for relaxation time measurement. The research results also show that the temperature dependence of the conductivity of the impurity ions carried by the liquid itself is consistent with the one of quantitatively doped ions, providing ideas for the investigation of ion conductivity behavior in organic small molecule liquids with low electrolyte solubility. The experimental results of monohydroxy alcohol are consistent with the view of that α relaxation rather than Debye relaxation corresponds to the system structure relaxation.
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Keywords:
- coupling between translation and rotation /
- relaxation time /
- probe ion conductivity /
- small molecule liquid
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