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纳米激光器(NL)是实现光集成的重要光学元件, 近年来成为研究热点之一. 然而, 对于NL在混沌同步方向上的研究仍较为稀少. 本文提出一种基于NL的双路激光混沌复用系统, 并详细研究了其同步性能. 研究中还创新性地引入了主被动分解法, 通过主动和被动信号的分解实现高效的信号处理和复用. 具体而言, 通过建立速率方程模型, 探究了NL两个关键参数(Purcell因子$F$、自发辐射耦合因子$\beta $)、系统参数、单参数失配以及多参数同时失配对同步性能的影响. 结果表明, 通过合理选择系统的参数配置, 两主激光器可以在较大的参数范围内保持较低的相关性, 同时确保主从激光器间保持高品质的混沌同步, 满足混沌复用系统的条件. 此外, 单参数失配对主激光器间同步性的影响具有差异性, 但对配对激光器的同步性影响较小;多参数失配时, 系统仍能在广泛的参数失配范围内满足两主激光器混沌输出的“伪正交性”要求. 本文结果不仅验证了所提系统的可行性, 还充分体现了主动被动分解法在推动NL混沌同步研究中的重要价值, 为该领域的发展提供了新思路.Nanolaser (NL), as an important optical source device, has a significant influence on photonic integrated circuits and has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this work, the synchronization performance of a dual-channel laser chaotic multiplexing system is investigated based on NLs and an active-passive decomposition is used to enhance signal processing and multiplexing efficiency. By establishing a rate equation model, the synchronization characteristics of the system are analyzed, with a focus on two key parameters— Purcell factor (F) and spontaneous emission coupling factor (β)—as well as the effects of system parameters, single-parameter mismatch, and multi-parameter mismatch. Numerical simulations show that with appropriate parameter configurations, the two master NLs can maintain low correlation, ensuring the "pseudo-orthogonalily" of chaotic signals while achieving high-quality chaotic synchronization with their paired slave NLs. In this work it is found that both the Purcell factor (F) and the spontaneous emission coupling factor (β) significantly affect the synchronization performance of the system, and the optimal parameter ranges for achieving high-quality synchronization are identified. Additionally, the effects of feedback strength and frequency detuning are explored, revealing that frequency detuning plays a more critical role in the synchronization between the master NLs. The influence of parameter mismatches on system synchronization performance is also emphasized. The system exhibits robustness against single-parameter mismatch and has minimum influence on master-slave synchronization quality. However, multi-parameter mismatch gives rise to more complex effects. Compared with the traditional semiconductor laser systems, this system can maintain "pseudo-orthogonality" over a wider range of parameters, thus achieving higher security and lower channel interference. This research lays a theoretical foundation for chaos synchronization based on NLs and provides new insights for designing secure, stable, and efficient optical communication systems.
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Keywords:
- nanolaser /
- chaotic synchronization /
- master-slave decomposition method /
- chaotic multiplexing
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图 1 基于纳米激光器的双路激光混沌复用系统结构图
Fig. 1. Structure diagram of the dual-laser chaotic multiplexing system based on nanolasers.
图 2 M1/S1和M2/S2的混沌时间序列 (a) M1; (b) M2; (c) S1; (d) S2
Fig. 2. The time series of M1/S1 and M2/S2:(a) M1; (b) M2; (c) S1; (d) S2.
图 3 (a) M1/S1和(b) M2/S2的互相关函数图
Fig. 3. Cross-correlation function plots of (a) M1/S1 and (b) M2/S2.
图 5 $F$和$\beta $不同时, NLs之间的CCF图 (a) M1/M2; (b) M1/S1; (c) M2/S2
Fig. 5. CCF plots between NLs under different values of $F$ and $\beta $: (a) M1/M2; (b) M1/S1; (c) M2/S2.
图 6 不同$I$值对M1/M2, M1/S1和M2/S2同步影响图 (a) M1/M2; (b) M1/S1; (c) M2/S2
Fig. 6. Effect of different I values on the synchronization of M1/M2, M1/S1, and M2/S2: (a) M1/M2; (b) M1/S1; (c) M2/S2.
图 7 反馈强度和频率失谐对(a) M1/M2, (b) M1/S1和(c) M2/S2同步性影响的二维彩图
Fig. 7. The two-dimensional colormap of feedback intensity and frequency detuning on the synchronization of (a) M1/M2, (b) M1/S1, and (c) M2/S2.
图 8 单个参数失配对(a) M1/M2, (b) M1/S1和(c) M2/S2同步影响图
Fig. 8. Effect of single parameter mismatch on the synchronization of (a) M1/M2, (b) M1/S1, and (c) M2/S2.
图 9 参数失配对(a) M1/M2, (b) M1/S1和(c) M2/S2同步影响的二维图
Fig. 9. The two-dimensional colormap of the effects of parameter mismatch on the synchronization of (a) M1/M2, (b) M1/S1, and (c) M2/S2.
参数 符号 参考值 约束因子 $\varGamma $ 0.645 载流子寿命/ns ${\tau _{\text{n}}}$ 1 光子寿命/ps ${\tau _{\text{p}}}$ 0.36 反馈延迟/ns ${\tau _{\text{d}}}$ 0.2 差分增益/(cm3·s–1) ${g_n}$ 1.64 × 10–6 透明载流子密度/cm–3 ${N_0}$ 1.1 × 10–18 增益饱和因子/cm3 $\varepsilon $ 2.3 × 10–17 线宽增强因子 $\alpha $ 5 活性区体积/cm3 ${V_{\text{α }}}$ 3.96 × 10–13 纳米激光器的波长/nm ${\lambda _0}$ 1591 激光面反射率 $R$ 0.85 注入比 ${R_{{\text{inj}}}}$ 0—0.1 外镜的功率反射率 ${R_{{\text{ext}}}}$ 0.95 折射率 $n$ 3.4 空腔长度/μm $L$ 1.39 反馈耦合分数 $f$ 0—0.9 
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