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弹性沉积层海底的低掠射角反射存在奇异性极大值的频率特征，其特征对浅海远程声传播会产生显著的影响。针对中国南海东沙海域的一次海底与波导联合测量到的频率间隔小的海底共振与声虹吸现象。通过分析弹性沉积层海底的低掠射角反射特征，理论推导了沉积层与剪切波的共振频率表达式，并分析了海底反射特征对远程声传播的影响。结果表明：在弹性沉积层海底模型下，受剪切波调制的小掠射角反射特征会引起指定频率的剪切波在沉积层发生共振，从而导致水中传播的声能被沉积层禁锢而出现声虹吸效应。进一步根据海底剪切波共振频率相关参数的敏感性及耦合性的分析结果，提出了一种结合海底与波导观测信息的地声参数反演策略用于获取实验海域的底质参数，反演结果验证了弹性沉积层海底模型对水体中声虹吸效应的作用机制。The low-grazing-angle reflection from an elastic sediment seabed exhibits singularly enhanced frequency characteristics, which significantly influence long-range sound propagation in shallow water. To study the influence of elastic sedimentary layer seabed environment on long-range sound propagation in shallow waters, we conducted a joint measurement of seabed and waveguide sound propagation experiment in the Dongsha area of the South China Sea. The experiment recorded the simultaneous occurrence of seabed resonance and the sound siphon effect for the first time. Notably, this effect differs from the sound siphon effect observed in low-sound-speed seabed environments, as it exhibits smaller frequency intervals. By analyzing the low-grazing-angle reflection characteristics of the elastic seabed, we derived a theoretical model for the resonance frequencies of shear waves in elastic sediment layers under small grazing angles and investigated their impact on long-range sound propagation. The results demonstrate that under an elastic seabed model, the low-grazing-angle reflection modulated by shear waves induces resonance at specific frequencies within the sediment layer. This traps acoustic energy in the seabed, leading to the sound siphon effect. Furthermore, we analyzed the sensitivity and coupling of key parameters related to shear-wave resonance frequencies. Based on these findings, we developed an inversion strategy that integrates seabed and waveguide observations to estimate geo-acoustic parameters of the experimental area. The inversion results validate the mechanism by which the elastic seabed model contributes to the sound siphon effect in the water column.
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