快冷熔覆法原位合成大厚度铁基非晶复合涂层的研究

胡卫强; 刘宗德; 王永田; 夏兴祥

doi:10.7498/aps.60.027103

摘要

通过水冷提高凝固速率及降低基体金属对熔覆层的稀释,采用改进的钨极惰性气体氩弧熔覆的方法,原位制备了大厚度(1—5 mm)Fe基非晶/纳米晶复合涂层.利用X射线衍射,光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜对涂层成分和组织进行分析,并测试了涂层的显微硬度.结果表明,采用快冷熔覆的方法可以制备出含有50%以上非晶含量的非晶/纳米晶复合涂层,涂层内纳米晶颗粒表面被非晶过渡层包覆.较厚涂层的显微硬度达到1600HV0.3,与基体为冶金连接,有良好的结合强度及耐磨性.非晶/纳米晶复合结构使得涂层与基体之间的过渡区具备较强的弹塑性,提高了涂层的抗冲击性. 最后重点讨论了微观结构和性能之间的内在联系,涂层内非晶相与纳米晶相的协同作用是造成涂层高硬度的主要原因.

关键词:

非晶 /
涂层 /
熔覆 /
显微硬度

Abstract

A thick Fe-based amorphous composite coating (1—5mm) was prepared in situ by tungsten inert gas (TIG) cladding method. The auxiliary cooling system was used to improve the solidification rate of molten alloy and decrease the dilution from the substrates. The microstructure of the composite coating was investigated by X-ray differaction, optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. In addition, the micro-hardness of the coating was also measured. The results show that the composite coating is composed of the amorphous phase and the nano-crystalline grains encapsulated by amorphous transition layer, whose content is more than 50 percent. The composite coatings have been found to have good bonding strength and high wear resistance, the maximum value of the micro-hardness is up to 1600HV0.3. The microstructure of the transition layer with good elastic-plastic properties leads to the higher impact resistance. At last, the relations between the microstructure and micro-hardness properties were discussed in detail, and the main reason for high hardness is the cooperation of the amorphous phase and nano-crystalline phase in the composite coatings.

Keywords:

amorphous /
coating /
cladding /
microhardness

作者及机构信息

(1)华北电力大学电站设备状态监测与控制教育部重点实验室,北京 102206; (2)中国科学院物理研究所,北京 100190

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(批准号:10772066)、长江学者与创新团队发展计划(批准号:PCSIRT0720)、中国华能集团公司科技计划(批准号:HNKJ08-H30)和新金属材料国家重点实验室开放基金(批准号:2010Z-02)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

(1)Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (2)Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment of Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

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施引文献

[1]	Liu Y H, Wang G, Wang R J, Zhao D Q, Pan M X, Wang W H 2007 Science 315 1385
[2]	Zhang Y, Wang W H, Greer A L 2006 Nat. Mater. 5 857
[3]	Hofmann D C, Suh J Y, Wiest A, Duan G, Lind M L, Demetriou M D, Johnson W L 2008 Nature 451 1085
[4]	Yang Q M, Xu Q M, Fang Y Z, Mo C J 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4072 (in Chinese) [杨全民、许启明、方允樟、莫婵娟 2009 物理学报 58 4072]
[5]	Guo H, Yan P F, Wang Y B, Tan J, Zhang Z F, Sui M L, Ma E 2007 Nat. Mater. 6 735
[6]	Liu L, Sun M, Zhan Q, Liu B, Qiu C L 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4072 (in Chinese) [柳林、孙民、谌祺、刘兵、邱春雷 2006 物理学报 58 4072]
[7]	Lu Z P, Liu C T, Thompson J R, Porter W D 2004 Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 245503
[8]	Peng J, Wei H Q, Li X A, Zhang Z C 2009 Acta Phys. Sin. 58 4059 (in Chinese) [彭建、危洪清、李乡安、张志纯 2009 物理学报 58 4059]
[9]	Liu K X, Liu W D, Wang J T, Yan H H, Li X J, Huang Y J, Wei X S, Shen J 2008 Appl. Phys. Lett. 93 081918
[10]	Ran L L, Qu S L, Guo Z Y 2010 Chin. Phys. B 19 034204
[11]	Zhao H Y, Kan J D, Liu Q J, Liu Z Q 2005 Acta Phys. Sin. 54 1711 (in Chinese)[赵鹤云、阚家德、柳清菊、刘佐权 2005 物理学报 54 1711]
[12]	Wu Y P, Lin P H, Xie G Z, Hu J H, Cao M 2006 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 430 34
[13]	Cheng J B, Liang X B, Xu B S, Wu Y X 2009 J. Non-Cryst. Solids 355 1673
[14]	Zhu Q J, Zou Z D, Qu S Y, Wang X H 2008 China Welding 17 23
[15]	Cui C Y, Hu J B, Liu Y H, Gao K, Guo Z X 2008 Appl. Surf. Sci. 254 6779
[16]	Basu A, Samant A N, Harimkar S P, Majumdar J D, Manna I, Dahotre N B 2008 Surf. Coat. Tech. 202 2623
[17]	Brangand J, Swank W D, Meacham B E 2009 Metall. Mater. Trans. A 40A 1306
[18]	Wu X L, Hong Y S 2001 Surf. Coat. Tech. 141 141
[19]	Zhu Q J, Qu S Y, Wang X H, Zou Z D 2007 Appl. Surf. Sci. 253 7060
[20]	Wang Z Y, Yang Y S, Tong W H, Li H Q, Hu Z Q 2006 Acta Phys. Sin. 55 1953 (in Chinese) [王珍玉、杨院生、童文辉、李会强、胡壮麒 2006 物理学报 55 1953]
[21]	Cheng F T, Lo K H, Man H C 2004 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 380 20
[22]	Wang Y F, Li G, Wang C S, Xia Y L, Sandip B, Dong C 2004 Surf. Coat. Tech. 176 284
[23]	Inal O T, Robino C V, Keller L, Yost F G, Karnowsky M M 1981 J. Mater. Sci. 16 3183
[24]	Xiang X H, Liu X Y, Zhu H C 2002 J. Mater. Eng. 2 25
[25]	Pan J G, Fan Z S, Sun D B, Yu H Y, Li H Q, Wang X D, Meng H M 2005 J. Mater. Eng. 9 53 (in Chinese) [潘继岗、樊自拴、孙冬柏、俞宏英、李辉勤、王旭东、孟惠民 2005 材料工程 9 53]
[26]	Wang C L, Wu Y P, Zhang P 2005 China Surface Engineering 18 19 (in Chinese) [王翠玲、吴玉萍、张萍 2005 中国表面工程 18 19]
[27]	Guo J H, Lu C W, Ni X J, Wu J W, Lu Z C, Lian F Z 2006 China Surface Engineering 19 45 (in Chinese) [郭金花、陆曹卫、倪晓俊、吴嘉伟、卢志超、连法增 2006 中国表面工程 19 45] 〖28] Zhou Z, Wang L, Wang F C, Wang Q S, Ma Z, Liu Y B 2006 Doctoral Forum of China Beijing, October 19—21, 2006 (in Chinese) [周正、王鲁、王富耻、王全胜、马壮、柳彦博 2006 全国博士生学术论坛北京,2006年10月19—21日]
[28]	Goyal R K, Tiwari A N, Negi Y S 2008 Mater. Sci. Eng. A 491 230

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