量子相干

李保民; 胡明亮; 范桁

doi:10.7498/aps.68.20181779

摘要

量子相干不仅是量子力学中的一个基本概念, 同时也是重要的量子信息处理的物理资源. 随着基于资源理论框架的量子相干度量方案的提出, 量子相干度的量化研究成为近年来人们关注的一个热点问题. 量子相干作为一种物理资源也十分脆弱, 极容易受到环境噪声的影响而产生退相干, 因此开放系统中的量子相干演化和保持也是人们广泛关注的课题. 另外, 量子相干在量子多体系统、量子热动力学、量子生物学等领域也有着潜在的应用价值. 本文介绍量子相干度量的资源理论框架和基于该框架定义的相对熵相干性、l₁范数相干性、基于量子纠缠的相干性、基于凸顶结构的相干性和相干鲁棒性等量子相干度量函数, 概述开放系统中量子相干演化的动力学行为、典型信道的量子相干产生和破坏能力以及量子相干的冻结等现象, 同时例举量子相干在Deutsch-Jozsa算法、Grover算法以及量子多体系统相变问题研究等方面的重要应用. 量子相干研究仍处于快速发展之中, 期望本综述能为该领域的发展带来启示.

关键词:

Abstract

Quantum coherence is not only a fundamental concept of quantum mechanics, but also an important physical resource for quantum information processing. Along with the formulation of the resource theoretic framework of quantum coherence, the quantification of coherence is still one of the recent research focuses. Quantum coherence is also very fragile, and the environmental noise usually induces a system to decohere. Hence it is also an important subject to make clear the dynamical behavior and to seek a flexible way of preserving quantum coherence of an open quantum system. Besides, there are many potential applications of quantum coherence in quantum many-body system, quantum thermodynamics, quantum biology and other related fields. We review in this paper the resource theoretic framework for quantifying coherence and the relevant quantum coherence measures defined within this framework which includes the relative entropy of coherence, the l₁ norm of coherence, the entanglement-based measure of coherence, the convex roof measure of coherence, and the robustness of coherence. We also review the dynamical behaviors of quantum coherence for certain open quantum systems, the coherence generating and breaking power of typical quantum channels, and the freezing phenomenon of quantum coherence. Moreover, we exemplify applications of quantum coherence in Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, Grover search algorithms, and the study of quantum phase transitions in multipartite systems. We hope that these results may provide not only an overview of the relevant field, but also an outlook of the future research direction of this exciting field.

Keywords:

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院物理研究所, 固态量子信息与计算实验室, 北京　100190

2.
中国科学院大学, 北京　100049

3.
西安邮电大学理学院, 西安　710121

4.
中国科学院大学, 拓扑量子计算卓越创新中心, 北京　100190

通信作者: 胡明亮, mingliang0301@163.com

基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号: 2016YFA0302104, 2016YFA0300600)、国家自然科学基金(批准号: 91536108, 11774406, 11675129)和中国科学院先导B专项(批准号: XDB28000000)资助的课题.

Authors and contacts

1.
Solid State Quantum Information and Computation Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

3.
School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China

4.
Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Corresponding author: Hu Ming-Liang, mingliang0301@163.com

Funds: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFA0302104, 2016YFA0300600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91536108, 11774406, 11675129), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB28000000).

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

[1]	Hu M L, Hu X, Wang J, Peng Y, Zhang Y R, Fan H 2018 Phys. Rep. 762 1 Google Scholar
[2]	Aberg J 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 150402 Google Scholar
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[42]	Mani A, Karimipour V 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 032331 Google Scholar
[43]	Bu K, Kumar A, Zhang L, Wu J 2017 Phys. Lett. A 381 1670 Google Scholar
[44]	Xi Z J, Hu M L, Li Y M, Fan H 2018 Quantum Inf. Process. 17 34 Google Scholar
[45]	Situ H, Hu X 2016 Quantum Inf. Process. 15 4649 Google Scholar
[46]	Andersson E, Cresser J D, Hall M J W 2007 J. Mod. Opt. 54 1695 Google Scholar
[47]	Deutsch D, Jozsa R 1992 Proc. R. Soc. Landon A 439 553 Google Scholar
[48]	Hillery M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 012111 Google Scholar
[49]	Anand N, Pati A K 2016 arXiv:1611.04542 [quant-ph]
[50]	Shi H L, Liu S Y, Wang X H, Yang W L, Yang Z Y, Fan H 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 032307 Google Scholar
[51]	Karpat G, Çakmak B, Fanchini F F 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 104431 Google Scholar
[52]	Chen J J, Cui J, Zhang Y R, Fan H 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 022112 Google Scholar
[53]	Lei S, Tong P 2016 Quantum Inf. Process. 15 1811 Google Scholar
[54]	Li Y C, Lin H Q 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 26365 Google Scholar
[55]	Malvezzi A L, Karpat G, Çakmak B, Fanchini F F, Debarba T, Vianna R O 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 184428 Google Scholar
[56]	Faist P, Oppenheim J, Renner R 2015 New J. Phys. 17 043003 Google Scholar
[57]	Misra A, Singh U, Bhattacharya S, Pati A K 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 052335 Google Scholar

施引文献

[1]	Hu M L, Hu X, Wang J, Peng Y, Zhang Y R, Fan H 2018 Phys. Rep. 762 1 Google Scholar
[2]	Aberg J 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 150402 Google Scholar
[3]	Lostaglio M, Jennings D, Rudolph T 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 6383 Google Scholar
[4]	Narasimhachar V, Gour G 2015 Nat. Commun. 6 7689 Google Scholar
[5]	Lambert N, Chen Y N, Cheng Y C, Li C M, Chen G Y, Nori F 2013 Nat. Phys. 9 10 Google Scholar
[6]	Baumgratz T, Cramer M, Plenio M B 2014 Phys. Rev. Lett. 113 140401 Google Scholar
[7]	Streltsov A, Singh U, Dhar H S, Bera M N, Adesso G 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 020403 Google Scholar
[8]	Napoli C, Bromley T R, Cianciaruso M, Piani M, Johnston N, Adesso G 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 150502 Google Scholar
[9]	Bu K, Anand N, Singh U 2018 Phys. Rev. A 97 032342 Google Scholar
[10]	Yu C S 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 042337 Google Scholar
[11]	Yuan X, Zhou H, Cao Z, Ma X 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 022124 Google Scholar
[12]	Qi X, Gao T, Yan F L 2017 J. Phys. A 50 285301 Google Scholar
[13]	Liu C L, Zhang D J, Yu X D, Ding Q M 2017 Quantum Inf. Process. 16 198 Google Scholar
[14]	Bromley T R, Cianciaruso M, Adesso G 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 210401 Google Scholar
[15]	Hu M L, Fan H 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 29260 Google Scholar
[16]	Zanardi P, Styliaris G, Venuti L C 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 052306 Google Scholar
[17]	Horodecki R, Horodecki P, Horodecki M, Horodecki K 2009 Rev. Mod. Phys. 81 865 Google Scholar
[18]	Winter A, Yang D 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 120404 Google Scholar
[19]	Shao L H, Xi Z, Fan H, Li Y 2015 Phys. Rev. A 91 042120 Google Scholar
[20]	Yao Y, Xiao X, Ge L, Li M, Sun C P 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 022112 Google Scholar
[21]	Streltsov A, Rana S, Boes P, Eisert J 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 140402 Google Scholar
[22]	Aberg J 2006 arXiv:0612146 [quant-ph]
[23]	Chitambar E, Gour G 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 030401 Google Scholar
[24]	Chitambar E, Gour G 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 052336 Google Scholar
[25]	Marvian I, Spekkens R W 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 052324 Google Scholar
[26]	de Vincenzo J I, Streltsov A 2017 J. Phys. A 50 045301 Google Scholar
[27]	Yu X D, Zhang D J, Xu G F, Tong D M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 060302 Google Scholar
[28]	Du S, Bai Z, Guo Y 2015 Phys. Rev. A 91 052120 Google Scholar
[29]	Peng Y, Jiang Y, Fan H 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 032326 Google Scholar
[30]	Rastegin A E 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 032136 Google Scholar
[31]	Hu M L, Fan H 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 052106 Google Scholar
[32]	Yao Y, Dong G H, Ge L, Li M, Sun C P 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 062339 Google Scholar
[33]	Singh U, Bera M N, Dhar H S, Pati A K 2015 Phys. Rev. A 91 052115 Google Scholar
[34]	Rana S, Parashar P, Lewenstein M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 012110 Google Scholar
[35]	Streltsov A, Kampermann H, Bruß D 2010 New J. Phys. 12 123004 Google Scholar
[36]	Marvian I, Spekkens R W 2014 Nat. Commun. 5 3821 Google Scholar
[37]	Marvian I, Spekkens R W, Zanardi P 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 052331 Google Scholar
[38]	Zhang Y R, Shao LH, Li Y, Fan H 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 012334 Google Scholar
[39]	Xu J 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 032111 Google Scholar
[40]	Tan K C, Volkoff T, Kwon H, Jeong H 2017 Phys. Rev. Lett. 119 190405 Google Scholar
[41]	Silva I A, Souza A M, Bromley T R, Cianciaruso M, Marx R, Sarthour R S, Oliveira I S, Franco R L, Glaser S J, deAzevedo E R, Soares-Pinto D O, Adesso G 2016 Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 160402 Google Scholar
[42]	Mani A, Karimipour V 2015 Phys. Rev. A 92 032331 Google Scholar
[43]	Bu K, Kumar A, Zhang L, Wu J 2017 Phys. Lett. A 381 1670 Google Scholar
[44]	Xi Z J, Hu M L, Li Y M, Fan H 2018 Quantum Inf. Process. 17 34 Google Scholar
[45]	Situ H, Hu X 2016 Quantum Inf. Process. 15 4649 Google Scholar
[46]	Andersson E, Cresser J D, Hall M J W 2007 J. Mod. Opt. 54 1695 Google Scholar
[47]	Deutsch D, Jozsa R 1992 Proc. R. Soc. Landon A 439 553 Google Scholar
[48]	Hillery M 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 012111 Google Scholar
[49]	Anand N, Pati A K 2016 arXiv:1611.04542 [quant-ph]
[50]	Shi H L, Liu S Y, Wang X H, Yang W L, Yang Z Y, Fan H 2017 Phys. Rev. A 95 032307 Google Scholar
[51]	Karpat G, Çakmak B, Fanchini F F 2014 Phys. Rev. B 90 104431 Google Scholar
[52]	Chen J J, Cui J, Zhang Y R, Fan H 2016 Phys. Rev. A 94 022112 Google Scholar
[53]	Lei S, Tong P 2016 Quantum Inf. Process. 15 1811 Google Scholar
[54]	Li Y C, Lin H Q 2016 Sci. Rep. 6 26365 Google Scholar
[55]	Malvezzi A L, Karpat G, Çakmak B, Fanchini F F, Debarba T, Vianna R O 2016 Phys. Rev. B 93 184428 Google Scholar
[56]	Faist P, Oppenheim J, Renner R 2015 New J. Phys. 17 043003 Google Scholar
[57]	Misra A, Singh U, Bhattacharya S, Pati A K 2016 Phys. Rev. A 93 052335 Google Scholar

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量子相干

Quantum coherence

摘要

Abstract

作者及机构信息

1.
中国科学院物理研究所, 固态量子信息与计算实验室, 北京　100190

2.
中国科学院大学, 北京　100049

3.
西安邮电大学理学院, 西安　710121

4.
中国科学院大学, 拓扑量子计算卓越创新中心, 北京　100190

通信作者: 胡明亮, mingliang0301@163.com

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: Hu Ming-Liang, mingliang0301@163.com

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

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搜索

留言板

量子相干

Quantum coherence

摘要

Abstract

作者及机构信息

1. 中国科学院物理研究所, 固态量子信息与计算实验室, 北京 100190 2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 3. 西安邮电大学理学院, 西安 710121 4. 中国科学院大学, 拓扑量子计算卓越创新中心, 北京 100190

通信作者: 胡明亮, mingliang0301@163.com

Authors and contacts

Corresponding author: Hu Ming-Liang, mingliang0301@163.com

文章全文 : translate this paragraph

参考文献

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关于我们

1.
中国科学院物理研究所, 固态量子信息与计算实验室, 北京　100190

2.
中国科学院大学, 北京　100049

3.
西安邮电大学理学院, 西安　710121

4.
中国科学院大学, 拓扑量子计算卓越创新中心, 北京　100190