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在石墨烯场效应晶体管栅介结构中引入具有良好电容特性或极化特性的材料可改善晶体管性能. 本文采用化学气相沉积制备的石墨烯并以PVDF-[EMIM]TF2N离子凝胶薄膜(ion-gel film)作为介质层制备底栅型石墨烯场效应管(graphene-based field effect transistor, GFET), 研究其电学特性以及真空环境和温度对GFET性能的影响. 结果表明离子凝胶薄膜栅介石墨烯场效应晶体管表现出良好的电学特性, 室温空气环境中, 与SiO2栅介GFET相比, ion-gel膜栅介GFET开关比(Jon/Joff)和跨导(gm)分别提高至6.95和3.68×10–2 mS, 而狄拉克电压(VDirac)低至1.3 V; 真空环境下ion-gel膜栅介GFET狄拉克电压最低可降至0.4 V; 随着温度的升高, GFET的跨导最高可提升至6.11×10–2 mS.Graphene is a kind of two-dimensional material with high light transmittance, high mechanical properties and high carrier mobility. The energy band of graphene can be turned by doping and electric field. Researches on the application of graphene to electronic devices focused on field effect transistors. For improving the performance, one generally improves the fabrication process and device structure, but many researchers chose to change the material or structure of dielectric layer. Ion-gel is a kind of mixture of organic polymer mesh structure with good thermal stability and high dielectric value, prepared by macromolecule organic polymer and ionic salt electrolyte material. With the effect of electric field, cations and anions in ion-gel diffuse to form a double charge layer distribution with a charge layer on the surface of material. This capacitance characteristic is similar to that of traditional capacitor. In this paper, ion-gel (PVDF-[EMIM]TF2N) film is used as a dielectric layer material to prepare the bottom-gate graphene-based field effect transistor (GFET), which is compared with the GFET with SiO2 bottom-gate, according to electrical characteristic curves. The effect of the ion-gel film on the transconductance, switching ratio and Dirac voltage of the GFET are analyzed. The effect of the vacuum environment and temperature on the GFET performance with ion-gel film gate are also investigated. The results show that in the room-temperature environment, the switching ratio and transconductance of the ion-gel film gate GFET device increase to 6.95 and 3.68 × 10–2 mS, respectively, compared with those of the SiO2 gate GFET, while the Dirac voltage decreases to 1.3 V. The increase in transconductance and switching ratio of ion-gel film gate GFETs are mainly due to the high capacitance of ion-gel film compared with those of conventional SiO2 gate dielectrics. There will be more carriers inside the graphene while in the carrier accumulation region of GFET transfer characteristic curve, which makes graphene more conductive. The Dirac voltage of ion-gel film gate GFET can be reduced to 0.4 V in the vacuum environment; as the temperature increases, the transconductance of GFET can increase up to 6.11×10–2 mS. The results indicate that the ion-gel film-based graphene field effect transistor shows good electrical properties in serving as high dielectric constant organic dielectric materials.
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Keywords:
- graphene /
- ion-gel film /
- field effect transistor /
- electrical properties
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图 1 GCS模型双电荷层分布示意图 (a) 阴阳离子分散在电介质中; (b) 在外电场作用下, 电介质内部阴阳离子开始向两级移动; (c) 达到平衡后, 电介质内阴阳离子排布情况
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of GCS model with dual-charge layer distribution: (a) The anions are dispersed in dielectric; (b) under the action of electric field, the anions and cations begin to move in the opposite direction; (c) the distribution of anions and cations in dielectric in equilibrium
图 8 室温环境下GFET电学特性曲线 (a)离子凝胶栅介GFET的转移特性曲线; (b)离子凝胶栅介GFET的输出特性曲线; (c) SiO2栅介GFET的转移特性曲线; (d) SiO2栅介GFET的输出特性曲线
Fig. 8. Electrical characteristic curves of GFET at room temperature: (a) The transfer characteristic curve of GFET with ion-gel film gate; (b) the output characteristic curve of GFET with ion-gel film gate; (c) the transfer characteristic curve of GFET with SiO2 gate; (d) the output characteristic curve of GFET with SiO2 gate
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[1] Bolotin K I, Sikes K J, Jiang Z, Klima M, Fudenberg G, Hone J, Kim P, Stormer H L 2008 Solid State Commun. 146 351
Google Scholar
[2] Novoselov K S, Geim A K, Morozov S V, Jiang D, Zhang Y, Dubonos S V, Grigorieva I V, Firsov A A 2004 Science 306 666
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
[4] Park J S, Choi H J 2015 Phys. Rev. B 92 045402
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
Liu G L, Yang Z H 2018 Acta Phys. Sin. 67 076301
Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Google Scholar
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Wu C Y, Du X W, Zhou L, Cai Q, Jin Y, Tang L, Zhang H G, Hu G H, Jin Q H 2016 Acta Phys. Sin. 65 080701
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Google Scholar
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